Wk 1: Ileus

Question 1

Which two receptors does Metoclopramide antagonize?

Answer 1

Dopamine & Serotonin receptor [antagonist]

Question 2

MOA of anti-cholinergic drugs in GI motility?

Answer 2

Blocks Ach at parasympathetic sites

Question 3

2 ex’s of Anti-cholinergic drugs in GI motility

Answer 3

Dicyclomine, Hyoscyamine

Question 4

AE’s of Anti-cholinergic drugs in GI motility

Answer 4

Blurred vision, dry mouth/eyes, drowsiness

Question 5

MOA of opioid agonists in GI motility?

Answer 5

Stimulates μ opioid receptors

Anti-diarrheal

Question 6

AE’s of opioid agonists in GI motility

Answer 6

High doses: euphoria & respiratory depression

Question 7

2 ex’s of opioid agonist in GI motility?

Answer 7

Diphenoxylate-atropine & Loperamide

Question 8

MOA of dopamine receptor antagonists in GI motility?

Answer 8

Enhances Ach effects ( ↑ motility) by blocking dopamine receptors

Question 9

2 ex’s of dopamine receptor antagonists in GI motility

Answer 9

Metoclopramide, Domperidone

Question 10

AE’s of dopamine receptor antagonists in GI motility

Answer 10

Tardive dyskinesia, cardiac arrhythmias

Question 11

Which drugs can treat diarrhea?

Answer 11

Drugs that decrease motility: Anticholinergics, Opioid Agonists, 5HT3 (Serotonin)

Question 12

Which drugs can treat constipation?

Answer 12

Drugs that increase motility: Stimulant & Osmotic Laxatives & Opioid Antagonists

Question 13

What are 2 general AE’s of serotonin receptor antagonists in GI motility?

Answer 13

Headache, constipation

Question 14

What drug type is Alosertron & what are its AE?

Answer 14

Serotonin Receptor Antagonist; Ischemic Colitis & Diarrhea

Question 15

MOA of Serotonin Receptor Antagonist?

Answer 15

Competitive antagonist of Serotonin (5HT3) receptor

Question 16

What drug category do Ondansetron & Granisetron fall under & what AE do they share?

Answer 16

Serotonin Receptor Antagonist; N/V

Question 17

Ex of motilin agonist in GI motility?

Answer 17

Erythromycin

Question 18

MOA of motilin agonists in GI motility?

Answer 18

Activates motilin receptors on SM cells

Question 19

AE of motilin agonists?

Answer 19

Inhibits CYP3A4, Cardiac Arrhythmias

Question 20

Ex of stimulant laxative in GI motility?

Answer 20

Senna

Question 21

MOA of stimulant laxatives in GI motility?

Answer 21

Stimulates peristaltic activity in intestine, specifically the enteric NS

Question 22

AE of stimulant laxatives?

Answer 22

Abdominal cramps; diarrhea

Senna (-) melanosis choli

Question 23

MOA of osmotic laxatives in GI motility?

Answer 23

Draws H2O into stool

Question 24

2 ex’s of osmotic laxatives in GI motility

Answer 24

Polyethylene glycol & lactulose

Question 25

AE's of osmotic laxatives in GI motility

Answer 25

Abdominal cramps, diarrhea, bloating (lactulose)

Question 26

What is an AE unique to the osmotic laxative 'lactulose'?

Answer 26

Bloating

Question 27

MOA of opioid antagonists in GI motility?

Answer 27

Selective μ opioid receptor antagonist

Question 28

AE's of opioid antagonists in GI motility

Answer 28

Abdominal pain, diarrhea

Question 29

When are opioid antagonists contraindicated?

Answer 29

Mechanical Obstruction

Question 30

Ex of opioid receptor antagonist & when is it uniquely approved?

Answer 30

Methylnatrexone (only for opioid induced constipation)