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foundations of OT practice > wk 6/7/8 > Flashcards

wk 6/7/8 Flashcards

1
Q

what does MOHO stand for?

A

Model of Human Occupation

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2
Q

what does the MOHO integrate concepts from?

A
  • sociology
  • phenomenology
  • enviro
  • systems theory
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3
Q

when was the MOHO first introduced?

A

in 1980s in American Journal of OT

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4
Q

when was the first book of MOHO introduced?

A

1985

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5
Q

what does the MOHO guide?

A

occupation focused, client-centered evidence-based OT practice

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6
Q

what are the person specific concepts of the MOHO?

A
  • volition
  • habituation
  • performance capacity
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7
Q

what are the dynamic interactions of the person and enviro in the MOHO?

A
  • enviro
  • dimensions of doing
  • occupational adaption
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8
Q

what is volition the process of doing?

A

process by which persons choose and are motivated toward what they do?

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9
Q

what are examples of volition?

A

interests, values, personal causation

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10
Q

what is habituation the process of doing?

A

process by which a person’s occupations are organised into patterns and routines

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11
Q

what are examples of habituation?

A

roles and habits

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12
Q

what is performance capacity the process of doing in the MOHO?

A

the underlying object capabilities and subjective experience that shape a person’s ability

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13
Q

what are examples of performance capabilities in the MOHO?

A
  • mental and physical performance capacities

- ‘lived body’ experience

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14
Q

what are volitional choices shaped by and linked to?

A

past experiences and future possibilities

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15
Q

what are patterns of interest?

A

the unique configuration/repertoire or preferred activities that each of us develop

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16
Q

what is a value?

A

what a person finds important

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17
Q

what are two types of values?

A
  • personal convictions

- sense of obligation

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18
Q

what is personal convictions?

A

a view of how the world is and identification of what matters

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19
Q

what is a sense of obligation?

A

strong emotional dispositions to follow perceived right ways to act

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20
Q

what do values determine?

A

a person’s view of the worth of different occupations

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21
Q

what are examples of personal causation for volition?

A
  • recognising strengths/weaknesses
  • sense of capacity
  • self efficacy
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22
Q

what is a role?

A

a socially and/or personally defined status, and accompanying attitudes and behaviours

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23
Q

what are the two different forms of subjective experience in performance capacity?

A
  • external/observable

- internal/subjective

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24
Q

what are the steps of the MOHO?

A
  • generate theory-driven questions
  • choose relevant assessment
  • occupational formulation of situation
  • identify occupational changes
  • develop measurable goals
  • implement intervention
  • assess outcomes
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25
Q

what are examples of assessments that address most MOHO concepts?

A
  • screening: MOHOST
  • interviews: OPHI-II
  • self report: OSA
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26
Q

what does OPHI stand for?

A

occupational performance history interview

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27
Q

what is OPHI-II based on?

A

model of human occupation

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28
Q

what are the five content/thematic areas of the OPHI-II?

A
  • occupational roles
  • daily routine
  • occupational setting (enviro)
  • activity/occupational choice
  • critical life events
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29
Q

what are the two parts of the OPHI-II?

A
  • interview

- rating scales

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30
Q

what are the three parts of the rating scale for the OPHI-II?

A
  • occupational identity scale
  • occupational competence scale
  • occupational setting (enviro scale)
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31
Q

what clients is the OPHI-II not suitable for?

A
  • young children
  • emotionally distressed
  • clients without cognitive and language skills
32
Q

what setting is the OPHI-II unsuitable for?

A

where you only see the client once or twice

33
Q

what are some pointers for administration of the OPHI-II?

A
  • gather background info
  • be aware of cultural factors
  • aim for comfortable, spontaneous interview
34
Q

what is the aim for the administration of the OPHI-II?

A

for therapist to internalise the purpose and content areas of the interview sufficiently to complete it spontaneously without aid of notes

35
Q

how long should be allowed for the OPHI-II?

A

60mins

36
Q

how are the three rating scales rated?

A

according to 4 point scale (4 being good, 1 being bad)

37
Q

what are the benefits of the OPHI-II?

A
  • structured way to gather detailed history
  • allows time for clarification
  • therapeutic
38
Q

what are the negatives about the OPHI-II?

A
  • takes alot of time

- wont work with clients who cant verbalise or have little insight

39
Q

what is professional reasoning?

A

how therapists actually think when engaged in practice, used to plan, direct, perform and reflect on client care

40
Q

what type of process is professional reasoning?

A

metacognitive

41
Q

what do OTs use observations, sensory experiences and theoretical knowledge to identify?

A
  • client factors contributing to occupational issues

- contextual factors

42
Q

what are frames or scripts development process?

A
  • cue acquisition
  • pattern recognition
  • limiting problem space
  • problem formulation
  • problem solving
43
Q

what does theoretical knowledge help the OT do?

A
  • avoid unjustfied assumptions

- use ineffective techniques

44
Q

what is scientific reasoning?

A

involves use of applied logical and scientific methods such as hypothesis and statistical evidence

45
Q

what is scientific reasoning used to do?

A
  • understand condition affecting

- select interventions for best interest

46
Q

what is scientific reasoning recognised in discussions as?

A
  • impersonal
  • focus on diagnosis
  • evidence from what “typically occurs”
47
Q

what is diagnostic reasoning?

A

involves investigation or cause or nature of conditions requiring intervention

48
Q

what is diagnostic reasoning used for?

A
  • recognise and explain condition affecting

- select interventions of best interest

49
Q

what is diagnostic reasoning recognised in discussion as?

A
  • both personal and impersonal iinfo

- therapist attempts to explain problems using science and clien-based info

50
Q

what are the different types of professional reasoning?

A
  • diagnostic
  • scientific
  • narrative
  • interactive
  • procedural
  • conditional
  • pragmatic
  • ethical
51
Q

what is narrative reasoning?

A

involves understanding meaning of disease, illness or disability of individual

52
Q

what is narrative reasoning used for?

A
  • understand client’s perspective

- understand roles, occupational functioning, desired occupational future

53
Q

what is narrative reasoning recognised in discussion as?

A
  • personal, includes past/present/future
  • appreciation of client culture
  • relates to the ‘so what’ of the condition for person’s life
54
Q

what is interactive reasoning?

A

involves understanding of current supports, engagement and attitude towards service systems. relied on communication process

55
Q

what is interactive reasoning used for?

A
  • build positive interpersonal relationships
  • permit collaboration
  • understand enviro influences
56
Q

what is interactive reasoning recognised as in discussion?

A
  • concern with what client likes/dislikes

- use of praise, empathy and non-verbal behaviour to encourage

57
Q

what is procedural reasoning?

A

involves understanding clients conditions, likely prognosis and evidence-based interventions likely to support optimal outcomes

58
Q

what is procedural reasoning used for?

A
  • guide intervention to achieve desired outcomes

- consider advantages/disadvantages

59
Q

what is procedural reasoning recognised as in discussion?

A

using therapy regimes thought to be effective typically in clients given setting

60
Q

what is conditional reasoning?

A

involves understanding the client’s condition and how change is conditional upon participation

61
Q

what is conditional reasoning used for?

A
  • anticipate situations

- imagining future possibilities

62
Q

what is conditional reasoning recognised as in discussion?

A

typically seen with more experienced therapists who see multiple futures based on past experience and current info

63
Q

what is pragmatic reasoning?

A

involves implementation of therapy possibilities into current realities of service delivery

64
Q

what is pragmatic reasoning used for?

A

consider how therapy can operate given resources and reimbursement issues

65
Q

what is pragmatic reasoning recognised as in discussion?

A
  • generally not focused on client or condition, but rather physical and social aspects
  • therapists sense of capabilities/time/energy
  • discussing realistic treatment
66
Q

what is ethical reasoning?

A

involves moral conflict where one moral stand or nation conflicts another

67
Q

what is ethical reasoning used for?

A
  • analyse ethical dilemma

- generate alternative solutions and determine actions

68
Q

what is ethical discussioins recognised as in discussion?

A

tension is often evident in attempt to determine what is right, particularly when there us competing principles, risks and benefits

69
Q

what are the stages of professional reasoning?

A
  • formulating an impression
  • info gathering and planning
  • monitoring
70
Q

what is the formulating an impression stage of professional reasoning?

A

initial stage where OT tries to understand based on typically limited info

71
Q

what is the info gathering and planning stage of professional reasoning?

A
  • more detailed assessment

- collaborative engagement

72
Q

what is the monitoring stage of professional reasoning?

A

continual evaluation and improvement

73
Q

what is the occupational profile a practice resource for?

A

occupational therapy practice framework (OTPF-II)

74
Q

what is the occupational profile?

A

a summary of occupational history/experience, patterns of daily living, interests, values and needs

75
Q

why may an OT use an occupational profile?

A

provides an understanding of client’s perspective and background

76
Q

what type of info should be gathered in an occupational profile?

A
  • what is currently important and meaningful

- past experiences and interests

foundations of OT practice (4 decks)

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