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NUR 324 > WK 7 Sleep > Flashcards

WK 7 Sleep Flashcards

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1
Q

benefits of sleep

A

provides healing and restoration
preserves cardiac function
repairs and renews cells
conserves energy
improve memory
improve creativity
have a healthy weight
sharpen attention
stay healthy
reduce stress
reduces inflammation
boosts immune system
greater athletic performance
better productivity and concentration
prevents depression

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2
Q

chronic sleep loss can increase risk of:

A

obesity
depression
hypertension
heart attack
CVA
DM

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3
Q

factors influencing sleep

A

physical illness
medications and substances
lifestyle
usual sleep patterns
emotional stress and mental illness
environment
exercise and fatigue
food and caloric intake

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4
Q

two sleep phases

A

nonrapid eye movement (NREM)

rapid eye movement (REM)

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5
Q

NREM progress through 3 stages

A

recent changes - combine 3&4

typically 90 min

stages progress from lighter to deeper sleep

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6
Q

REM

A

phase at the end of each 90-min sleep cycle

increased brain activity

rapid eye movements

muscle atonia

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7
Q

stage 1 NREM

A

lightest level, lasts few minutes
decreased physiological activity
loss of awareness of surroundings
muscle relaxation
VS and metabolism begin to decrease

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8
Q

stage 2 NREM

A

deeper
progression of relaxation
VS and metabolism continue to slow

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9
Q

NREM stage 3

A

slow wave sleep or delta sleep
deepest stage
VS continue to decrease

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10
Q

T/F: NREM is 75% of night

A

true

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11
Q

T/F: REM is 35% of night

A

true

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12
Q

REM facts

A

vivid, full color dreaming occurs
happens about 90 minutes after falling asleep
rapidly moving eyes
fluctuating VS
cognitive restoration
loos of skeletal muscle tone
difficult to around
duration of REM sleep increases with each cycle with an average of 20 mins

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13
Q

REM suppressants

A

opioids/narcotics
stimulants
benzodiazepines
antidepressants
alcohol
smoking

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14
Q

biological rhythms

A

these rhythms are controlled within your body and synchronized with environmental factors

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15
Q

biological rhythms regulate

A

feelings of sleepiness and wakefulness over 24-hour period

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16
Q

most familiar biological rhythm is

A

circadian rhythm

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17
Q

circadian synchronization

A

when a person’s biological clock coincides with their sleep/wake cycle

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18
Q

sleep disorders

A

insomnia
sleep apnea
narcolepsy
sleep deprivation
parasomnias
shift work sleep disorder
restless leg syndrome

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19
Q

insomnia

A

most common sleep disorder
most common in individuals with depression and women
experience excessive daytime sleepiness and insufficient sleep quality and quantity

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20
Q

transient insomnia

A

associated with situational stresses

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21
Q

insomnia treatment: self care

A

improve sleep hygiene measures
stay active
review medications
avoid or limit naps
limit or avoid alcohol and nicotine
treat pain
avoid large meals or beverages before bed
at bedtime, follow good sleep hygiene

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22
Q

insomnia treatment: therapies

A

light therapy
yoga
acupuncture
cognitive behavioral therapy

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23
Q

insomnia treatment: medications

A

prescriptions: eszopiclone, remelteon, zaleplon, zolpidem

OTC: antihistamine, melatonin

antidepressants

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24
Q

benefits of light therapy

A

non-invasive and safe
increase effectiveness of other forms of treatment

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25
light therapy can help alleviate symptoms of:
seasonal affective disorder non seasonal mood disorders psoriasis and other skin disorders insomnia and sleep disorders stress chronic pain acne and breakouts signs of aging
26
sleep apnea
where breathing is repeatedly interrupted frequent pauses 10 seconds to 2 mins large amount are undiagnosed and untreated
27
types of sleep apnea
obstructive central mixed
28
sleep apnea risk factors
increased age male fam history obesity HTN smoking heart failure alcohol nasopharyngeal structural abnormalities large neck circumference menopause
29
sleep apnea symptoms
loud snoring episodes of no breathing gasping for air during sleep excessive daytime sleepiness fatigue morning headaches irritability depression difficulty concentrating decrease sex drive dry mouth when you wake insomnia
30
sleep apnea complications
daytime fatigue HTN heart disease heart failure DM metabolic syndrome complications with medications and surgeries liver problems sleep-deprived partners
31
sleep apnea treatment
weight reduction and exercise avoid alcohol and smoking sleep on side improve sleep hygiene BiPAP CPAP surgery oral repositioning devices
32
sleep apnea treatment: BiPAP and CPAP
BiPAP: bilevel positive airway pressure CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure
33
sleep apnea treatment: surgery
tissue removal tissue shrinkage jaw repositioning implant tracheostomy
34
narcolepsy
chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attacks of sleep difficult to stay awake for long periods of time
35
type 1 narcolepsy
with cataplexy
36
type 2 narcolepsy
without cataplexy
37
risk factors of narcolepsy
age and fam history no cure
38
symptoms of narcolepsy
excessive daytime sleepiness cataplexy sleep paralysis changes in REM sleep hallucinations
39
narcolepsy complications
public misunderstanding of condition interference with intimate relationships physical harm obesity
40
narcolepsy treatment: medications
stimulants or wakefulness promoting agents: modanifil, armodafinil antidepressants to supress cataplexy
41
narcolepsy treatment: lifestyle changes
regular exercise program strategic planning of day eat meals high in protein deep breathing chewing gum good sleep habits avoid factors that increase drowsiness
42
narcolepsy treatment: coping and support
talk about it be safe support groups
43
sleep deprivation
decrease in quality or quantity of sleep and/or inconsistency in sleep amount of sleep varies for individuals most adults need 7-8 hours of sleep/day 1:5 adults fail to get enough sleep
44
causes of sleep deprivation
illness emotional stress medication environmental disturbance variability in timing of sleep as a result of shift work sleep apnea and insomnia can lead to this
45
sleep deprivation psychological symptoms
confused and disoriented increased sensitivity to pain irritable, withdrawn, apathetic agitated hyperactive decreased motivation excessive sleepiness
46
sleep deprivation physiological symptoms
ptosis, blurred vision fine motor clumsiness decreased reflexes slowed response time decreased reasoning and judgment decreased auditory and visual alertness cardiac dysrhythmias
47
sleep deprivation treatment
there is no substitute for sufficient sleep best and most effective treatment is correct the environmental problem
48
dangers of sleep deprivation
performance magnifies alcohol effects driver fatigue
49
parasomnias
more common in children if adults have this, it could relate to a more serious problem
50
examples of parasomnias
nocturnal enuresis body rocking bruxism confusional arousals somnabulism night terrors nightmares
51
parasomnias treatment
they vary but aim towards maintaining safety and supporting pt
52
shift work sleep disorder (SWSD)
affects ppl who work different shifts or at night
53
common symptoms of SWSD
insomnia excessive sleepiness difficulty concentrating headaches lack of energy
54
consequences of SWSD
increased likelihood of accidents and work related errors irritability and mood problems difficulty coping impaired social functioning
55
SWSD management and treatment
important to get at least 7-8 hours of sleep/night attempt to minimize exposure to light on the way home follow bedtime rituals and routines create a quiet, dark, peaceful setting during sleeo avoid string of night shifts in a row avoid long commutes plan a nap before your shift to increase alertness
56
restless leg syndrome
uncontrollable urge to move legs moving eases the unpleasant feeling temporarily can begin at any age but worsens as you age
57
symptoms of restless syndrome
unpleasant sensations in legs and feet (crawling, creeping, pulling, throbbing, aching) relief after movement worse in the evening nighttime leg twitching
58
restless leg syndrome risk factors
peripheral neuropathy iron deficiency kidney failure spinal cord injuries
59
restless leg syndrome treatment medications:
increase dopamine affecting calcium channels opioids muscle relaxants sleep medications
60
restless leg syndrome treatment: lifestyle changes
baths, massages warm compress or cool good sleep habits exercise foot wrap
61
sleep assessment
pt centered obtaining sleep history sources for sleep assessments tools for sleep assessments
62
obtaining sleep history for sleep assessment
characteristics of sleep problems usual sleep pattern bedtime routines and environment physical and psychological illness current life events
63
sleep planning goals and outcomes
explore professional standards make t pt centered
64
sleep planning setting priorities
if physical illness is causing symptoms - make this priority ask the individual what is priority
65
sleep planning teamwork and collaboration
work with pt and sleep partner are interventions planned realistic and achievable in hospital: cluster care, use machines to monitor vs waking every hours, include all teams in this plan may need referral to comprehensive center
66
sleep implementation health promotion bedtime environment
room temp proper ventilation reduce noise bed: mattress, place in bed, angle of bed light: varies, be sure to assess risk of falls limit electronic devices: emit blue light that affects circadian rhythm
67
sleep implementation health promotion bedtime routines
important to go to sleep when tired or sleepy avoid excessive mental stimulation encourage relaxation activities (reading, music, deep breathing, guided imagery, praying) bedroom not a place for work
68
sleep implementation health promotion bedtime snacks
diary products or something that contains L-typtophan not recommended: caffeine, heavy meal, alcohol
69
sleep implementation health promotion promote comfort
loos fitting clothing extra blanket void before bed
70
sleep implementation health promotion promote safety
low position night light remove clutter and rugs
71
sleep implementation health promotion promote activity
stay physically active during the day rigorous activity 2-3 hours before
72
sleep implementation health promotion promote stress reduction
do not force sleep don't lay in bed when unable to relax
73
sleep implementation pharmacological
melatonin melatonin receptor agonist herbal supplements prescription drugs
74
promoting sleep in acute care: environment controls
curtains, shut door lessen noise ear plugs/ eye masks
75
promoting sleep in acute care: promoting comfort
provide personal hygiene before bed void before position off wounds or pressure points back rub or massage adjust dressings or change as needed adjust lines, tubes, drains
76
promoting sleep in care: establishing periods of rest and sleep
avoid waking for nonessential tasks cluster care include pt
77
promoting sleep in acute care: promoting safety
monitor respiratory status risk for falls: fall prevention intervention
78
promoting sleep in acute care: stress reduction
knowledge is power
79
sleep evaluation
through the pt eyes pt outcomes
80

NUR 324 (7 decks)

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