wk 8

Question 1

What is Acute pain?

Answer 1

A state in which a person experiences the sensation of severe discomfort, has a sudden onset, often with a protective function and obvious cause

Question 2

What is Cronic pain?

Answer 2

Such as that accompanying cancer or rheumatoid arthritis, is a persistent reoccurring pain that continues for more than 3 months after the completed healing.

Question 3

Nociceptive Pain?

Answer 3

Physiological pain it arises from stimulation of superficial or visceral (deep) nociceptors by noxious stimuli such as tissue injury or inflammation

Question 4

Neuropathic pain?

Answer 4

Arises from a primary lesion, alteration or dysfunction in the peripheral or central nervous system pathways

Question 5

Psychogenic Pain?

Answer 5

has a psychological, psychiatric or psychosocial causes. Anxiety, depression and fear of dying have been known to cause severe pain

Question 6

3 Central effects of opioids?

Answer 6

1) Supression of the cough reflex
2) Euphoria and sedation
3) Nausea and vomitting

Question 7

3 Peripheral effects of opiods?

Answer 7

1) Spasms of the sphincter muscles
2) suppression of some spinal reflexes
3) release of histamine causing broncho constriction and severe itching

Question 8

Describe the action taken following an opioid overdose including the use of opioid antagonists

Answer 8

Naloxone and naltrxon- opioid antagonists the completely displace opioid analgesics from their receptor sites, thus reversing their effects.

Question 9

Why is paracetamol in normal doses considered to be safer over the counter analgesic than aspirin?

Answer 9

1) Adverse effects and allergic reactions are rare with therapeutic doses
2) Very low risk of gastric upset
3) Can be used for children
4) Safe ti use during pregnancy and lactation
5) few adverse drug interactions.