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Fall 2023- Integumentary for PT > WK5- Holistic Management of Patient's with Wounds > Flashcards

WK5- Holistic Management of Patient's with Wounds Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between patient adherence and compliance

A

compliance is a one way interaction between clinician and patient

adherence is when a patient freely chooses to follow suggested guidelines.

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2
Q

What is the difference between parenteral and enteral nutrition ?

A

parenteral: nutrition that is delivered intravenously

Enteral: nutrition delivered via feeding tube

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3
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Water

A

Dry skin, hair, and mucous membranes

poor skin turgor

increased HR and RR

orthostatic hypotension

confusion

sunken eyeballs

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4
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Protein

A

dull, dry hair

pallor

peripheral edema

pressure ulcers, especially multiple or repeat ulcerations

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5
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Carbohydrates/Energy

A

decline in body weight

pallor

extremely poor dentition

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6
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Fats

A

Emaciated
epidermal flaking
fissuring of the skin
large flakes of dandruff

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7
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Vitamin A

A

night blindness

difficulty adapting to changes in light intensity

scleral changes and dry eyes

gingivitis

pigment changes

dry skin

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8
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Vitamin C

A

Swollen Gums that bleed readily

transparent skin quality

weakness

delayed wound healing

can help the body absorb iron

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9
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Vitamin K

A

petechiae

wounds bleed readily

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10
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: B Complex Vitamins

A

pallor, pale eye membranes, hyperpigmentation, redness or swelling of the mouth, mouth sores, purple discoloration of the tongue with loss of villi, swollen gums that bleed readily, confusion, muscle cramps, anemia

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11
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Zinc

A

Decreased sense of taste
dull, dry, or thinning hair
seborrhea-like dryness and redness of the face

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12
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Iron

A

pallor, yellow discoloration of the skin

soft, spoon shaped nails

Easily fatigued

dyspnea

anemia

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13
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Copper

A

Thinning of hair

may have pigmentation changes

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14
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Magnesium

A

Dehydration, neuromuscular hyperexcitability, confusion

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15
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Calcium

A

acute: neuromuscular hyperexcitiablity, dysrhythmias

Skeletal deformities such as kyphoscoliosis, bone pain, fractures, dry scaling skin, brittle nails

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16
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Phosphorus

A

Skeletal deformities, idiopathic fractures, bone pain

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17
Q

What is the clinical manifestation of this possible deficiency: Selenium

A

Decreased ability to fight infection

muscle pain

muscle wasting

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18
Q

What are the normal values for: Total lymphocyte count

A

> 1800 cells/mm cubed

19
Q

What are the normal values for: Blood glucose

A

70-110 mg/dL

20
Q

What are the normal values for: Platelets ?

A

140-400 k/uL

21
Q

What are the normal values for: Hematocrit (HCT) ?

A

Men: 42-52%
Women: 37-47%
Critical Values: <15-20% or >60%

22
Q

What are the normal values for hemoglobin ?

A

Men: 14-17.4 g/dL
Women: 12-16 g/dL
Critical Values: <5-7 g/dL or >20 g/dL

23
Q

What are the normal values for A1C ?

A

<5.7%

24
Q

What are the normal values for: Total White Blood Cells ?

A

5.0-10.0 10 to the 9th/L

25
Q

Vitamin A

A

also called retinol

help maintain healthy skin and epithelial integrity, required for collagen synthesis, promotes granulation tissue formation, and facilitates epthelialization.

26
Q

Vitamin C

A

also called ascorbic acid

needed to build and maintain tissues, helps the body absorb iron and is necessary for collagen synthesis.

27
Q

Vitamin K

A

essential for blood clotting, patients on anticoagulants should not initiate vitamin K supplementation without clearance

28
Q

B Complex

A

a group of eight water soluble vitamins required for normal immune function and energy metabolism. Aid in WBC formation, antibody formation, and resistance to infection. Facilitate fibroblast function and collagen synthesis, improving wound tensile strength.

29
Q

Vitamin E

A

helps prevent free radical related cellular damage.

Decreases inflammatory phase of wound healing, enhances immune function, and decreases platelet adhesion.

30
Q

Zinc

A

necessary for: collagen and protein synthesis, cell proliferation, epithelialization, and normal immune function. It is also an antioxidant.

31
Q

Iron

A

essential component of hemoglobin, required for oxygen transport, antibody production and normal immune function.

32
Q

Copper

A

required for hemoglobin synthesis, iron transport and absorption

33
Q

Magnesium

A

important in bone formation, protein synthesis, repair, critical cofactor to over 300 enzyme systems.

34
Q

Calcium

A

vital to bone formation, bone remodeling, and muscle contraction

fibrin synthesis in blood clotting

important neurotransmitter

35
Q

Phosphorous

A

needed for bone formation, normal metabolism, fluid balance, essential in enzyme systems

36
Q

Selenium

A

required for synthesis of up to 30 proteins and assistance of normal immune function.

37
Q

What does the lab measure value and why is it important: Creatinine

A

creatinine measures kidney function and protein status. Normal creatinine levels are .8-1.5 mg/dL.

38
Q

What does the lab measure value and why is it important: Serum Albumin

A

Serum albumin is a plasma protein whose decreased levels can indicate protein deficiency, malnutrition, increased hospitalization time and complications, more adverse pressure ulcer formation risk, and tissue edema.

normal is 3.5g/dL

39
Q

What does the lab measure value and why is it important: Prealbumin

A

prealbumin is a major transport protein. Prealbum decrease levels can indicated mortality risk, though unreliable as a standard.

40
Q

What does the lab measure value and why is it important: Serum Transferrin

A

serum transferrin is an indicator of protein status that is responsive to short term change.

41
Q

What does the lab measure value and why is it important: Blood Urea Nitrogen ( BUN)

A

BUN is an indicator of renal function, normally between 5-25 mg/dL. Elevated BUN levels indicate a decrease in wound healing.

42
Q

What does the lab measure value and why is it important: Total Lymphocyte count (TLC)

A

an indirect measure of nutritional status and immune function. Decreased TLC is associated with delayed wound healing, and increased mortality.

43
Q

What does the lab measure value and why is it important: Blood Glucose

A

measures blood sugar

increased risk of ulceration, infection, and impaired wound healing.

44
Q
A

Fall 2023- Integumentary for PT (9 decks)

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