WM Flashcards
Displayed formula of ethanoic acid
What is the name of this ester?
Methyl ethanoate
How are aldehydes produced?
From the oxidation and distillation of primary alcohols
Displayed formula of an aldehyde
How are ketones produced?
The oxidation of secondary alcohols with acidified potassium dichromate
What is the displayed formula of ketones?
What is the displayed formula for acid anhydrides?
What is the displayed formula for an ether?
What does a primary alcohol look like?
1 R group
What does a secondary alcohol look like?
2 R groups
How can phenols be indentified?
Add iron(III) chloride solution
Intense purple solution forms
Phenol + acid anhydride —> ?
Ester + carboxylic acid
What conditions are needed for esterification?
reflux
Concentrated sulfuric acid
What is the esterification reaction?
Alcohol + carboxylic acid —> ester + water
What is the equation for a primary alcohol being oxidised into an aldehyde?
What happens when an aldehyde is heated under reflux with potassium dichromate?
A carboxylic acids is formed
What happens when a secondary alcohols are heated in the presence of acidified potassium dichromate?
Ketones are formed
What happens to the potassium dichromate when it is used as an oxidising agent in the oxidation of alcohols?
It is reduced and turns from orange to green
What colour is potassium dichromate in all of the types of alcohol?
Primary - green
Secondary - green
Tertiary - orange (not able to be oxidised)
How can alkenes be formed?
Dehydration of alcohols
Heated under reflux
Concentrated sulfuric acid
Diagram for reflux apparatus?
What does the condenser do in the reflux apparatus?
Cause the vapour to condense and return to the flask for further heating
What is used to separate liquids with different boiling points?
Distillation
Diagram of distillation apparatus
