WMM

Question 1

Draw the WMM

Answer 1

CE

Phonological loop articulately process, phonological store
Visuo spatial sketch pad
Visual cache inner scribe
Episodic buffer

Question 2

Who proposed the WMM?

Answer 2

Baddeley and Hitch (1974)

Question 3

Why did they propose the WMM?

Answer 3

They felt that the STM was not just one store, but multiple.

Question 4

WMM an explanation of memory when?

Answer 4

It is being used for a task.

Question 5

What does it suggest? E.g. separate stores for ..

Answer 5

One for visual processing and one for processing sounds.

Question 6

What is the role of the central executive?

Answer 6

Directs attention to particular tasks by allocating the brains resources to one of the three slave systems.

Question 7

What is the capacity of the CE? Soo..

Answer 7

Limited capacity it can’t attend to too many things at once and no capacity for storing data.

Question 8

What is the role of the Phonological Loop?

Answer 8

Deals with auditory information and preserves the order of info.

Question 9

What is the capacity of the PL?

Answer 9

Limited capacity.

Question 10

What is the phonological loop further divided into?

Answer 10

Phonological store + Articulatory process.

Question 11

What is the role of the phonological store?

Answer 11

Holds the words you hear like an inner ear.

Question 12

What is the role of the articulatory process?

Answer 12

Used for words that are heard or seen Allows for maintenance rehearsal of acoustic information.

Question 13

What is maintenance rehearsal? And who proposed it?

Answer 13

Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed a direct relationship between rehearsal in short term memory and strength of ltm- more info rehearsed the better it is remembered.

Question 14

What is the Visuo spatial sketch pad further divided into?

Answer 14

Visual cache and inner scribe

Question 15

What is the role of the Visuo spatial sketch pad?

Answer 15

Used for the planning of spatial tasks and temp storage of visual and/ or spatial info.

Question 16

What is the role of the visual cache?

Answer 16

Stores info about visual items.

Question 17

What is the role of the inner scribe?

Answer 17

Stores the arrangements of objects in a visual field.

Question 18

What is the role of the episodic buffer?

Answer 18

General store for both visual and acoustic info. It integrates info from the CE, PL, VSS. It also sends info to the LTM. Maintains time sequencing(recording events that are happening).

Question 19

What is the capacity of the episodic buffer?

Answer 19

Limited capacity.

Question 20

When was the EB added and who by and why?

Answer 20

Baddeley 2000 realised the model needed a general store for info relating to both visual and auditory data.

Question 21

Evaluation of WMM
+The problem of dual task performance

Answer 21

Strength WMM its ability to explain dual task performance.
Hitch + Baddeley(1976) found ppts were slower dual task study that involved CE+AL compared to a task just the AL. Demonstrates the dual task performance effect and shows the CE sep from AL.

Question 22

Evaluation of WMM
+Evidence from brain-damaged patients.

Answer 22

Case studies of individuals with brain damage + WMM. Shallice and Warrington (1970) studie KF, s-t forgetting of auditory info was greater than forgetting of visual info . His brain damage appeared to be restricted to PL X VSS. Supports idea of separate components for auditory and visual info.

Question 23

Evaluation of WMM.
- Problems with using case studies.
Brain damaged individuals.

Answer 23

Problem using evidence from brain damaged individuals, some evidence support WMM from KF However, such individuals may have difficulty in paying attention and so may underperform in certain tasks. This is an important issue because the results of case studies are difficult to generalise to entire population.

Question 24

Evaluation of WMM.
-A problem with the CE.

Answer 24

Concept of CE criticised for being vague and lacking explanatory power Eslinger and Damasio (1985) studied EVR. Who had cerebral tumour removed. Performed well some tests, some tests requiring reasoning, he poor decision making skills x simple decisions. This case suggests CE more complex than the original model and there are lots of different components within the CE.