Women Summary

Question 1

What impact did Florence Nightingale have on military hospitals?

Answer 1

Raised the status of nursing and improved hygiene.

Question 2

What were the conditions of hospitals in 1854?

Answer 2

Hospitals were dirty.

Question 3

How did Nightingale improve hospital conditions?

Answer 3

Cleaned hospitals, collected data, provided fresh fruit and water.

Question 4

What was the result of Nightingale’s improvements by 1855?

Answer 4

Mortality rates dropped from 60% to 42%.

Question 5

What happened in 1857 due to Nightingale’s influence?

Answer 5

Royal Commission on the Health of the Army was created.

Question 6

What resistance did Nightingale face?

Answer 6

Belief that women had limited knowledge; helped more abroad than in Britain.

Question 7

What were Nightingale’s 1859 publications?

Answer 7

Notes on Hospitals and Notes on Nursing.

Question 8

What did Nightingale recommend in her publications?

Answer 8

Ventilation, light, cleanliness, and record keeping.

Question 9

What did Nightingale found in 1860?

Answer 9

Nightingale Training School and Home for Nursing.

Question 10

What limitation did nursing still face in Britain?

Answer 10

Women were still seen as unfit to be doctors.

Question 11

What did Elizabeth Garrett do in 1865?

Answer 11

Passed the exam for the Society of Apothecaries.

Question 12

Where did Elizabeth Garrett get her medical degree?

Answer 12

University of Paris.

Question 13

What hospital did Elizabeth Garrett found in 1872?

Answer 13

New Hospital for Women staffed entirely by women.

Question 14

What barrier did Elizabeth Garrett face in the BMA?

Answer 14

She was the only woman for 19 years; women were later voted out.

Question 15

What did the 1867 Medical Act do?

Answer 15

Forced universities to accept women.

Question 16

How many female doctors were there by 1891?

Answer 16

64 female doctors.

Question 17

What was the limitation of the 1867 Medical Act?

Answer 17

Attitudes were still slow to change.

Question 18

What did Marie Curie discover in 1898?

Answer 18

Polonium and radium.

Question 19

What prize did Marie Curie win in 1903?

Answer 19

Nobel Prize for work into radiation.

Question 20

What institute was created in 1910 for Marie Curie?

Answer 20

Radium Institute for cancer research.

Question 21

What did Curie’s success show?

Answer 21

Proved women were capable in research.

Question 22

What was a limitation of Marie Curie’s success?

Answer 22

Few women followed; only one other woman won Nobel in Physics.

Question 23

What was QAIMNS and how did it grow during WW1?

Answer 23

Queen Alexandra Imperial Military Nursing grew from 300 to 10,000.

Question 24

What was FANY?

Answer 24

First Aid Nursing Yeomanry; battlefield-trained female nurses.

Question 25

What was the role of VADs?

Answer 25

Middle-class women volunteers who did basic nursing tasks.

Question 26

Why did medical schools admit more women during WW1?

Answer 26

Shortage of trained male staff.

Question 27

What was the Women’s Hospital Corps?

Answer 27

Founded by Dr Louisa Garrett and Dr Flora Murray.

Question 28

Where did female doctors work in 1916?

Answer 28

In Malta, treating casualties.

Question 29

How did women contribute on the home front in WW1?

Answer 29

Took over male doctors’ jobs; staffed hospitals.

Question 30

What hospital did Louisa Garrett Anderson and Flora Murray run in 1915?

Answer 30

A military hospital in London staffed entirely by women.

Question 31

What limitations did women face in WW1?

Answer 31

Volunteers were looked down on, underpaid, and not respected.

Question 32

How did nurses contribute in WW2?

Answer 32

Served abroad; by 1941 had army ranks and financial benefits.

Question 33

Where had QAIMNS members served by 1945?

Answer 33

China, Egypt, Italy.

Question 34

What was new for women doctors in WW2?

Answer 34

Served closer to the front line; officer status in RAMC.

Question 35

What was the role of women doctors on the home front in WW2?

Answer 35

Worked in the Emergency Medical Service.

Question 36

What limitations did women face in WW2?

Answer 36

Often worked in smaller hospitals, not central ones.