Woods

Question 1

Are wood and manufactured board timber products?

Answer 1

YES!

Question 2

Name the two types of wood…….

Answer 2

Hard and soft wood.

Question 3

What type of trees to hard woods come from?

Answer 3

Deciduous trees.

Question 4

What type of trees to soft woods come from?

Answer 4

Coniferous trees.

Question 5

Give an example of two hard woods (beech and mahogany) and their properties………..

Answer 5

Beech- Is often used for chairs and toys, it is very tough and hard and wear resistant.
Mahogany- Is used for veneers and indoor furniture(high quality) polishes well, but has interlocking grain making it hard to work with.

Question 6

Give an example of two soft woods (pine and cedar) and their properties………..

Answer 6

Pine- Easy to work, relatively cheap, contains a lot of knots(weaken wood) mainly used in buildings, needs protection is outside.
Cedar- Dark reddish brown, straight grained, knot free, light, durable in and outside, used out side for construction work- contain natural oils that protect from the weather.

Question 7

What is meant by the trees being cut down by the trunks?

Answer 7

Its known as conversion

Question 8

What’s the process called when the wood dry’s?

Answer 8

Seasoning.

Question 9

What can happen if the wood isn’t seasoned?

Answer 9

It can warp or twist when it dry’s.

Question 10

What happens when its machined?

Answer 10

It is cut into the sizes it will be sold in.

Question 11

Name some properties of manufactured boards……..

Answer 11

They aren’t limited can but them as large sheets cost less than natural timber also the are environmentally friendly.

Question 12

What is plywood and name some its characteristics?

Answer 12

• Made from thin sheets of wood(veneers)
• The are glued together with the grain at 90* to the onto the one below/next to it
• Have odd layers to reduce warping
• Strong, stable, can warp, waterproof option available
• Used as table stands worktops, door fronts, drawer bottoms and small boats

Question 13

What is block board and name some its characteristics?

Answer 13

• Made by strips of wood glued side by side that covered with a veneer
• Strong and Stable
• Used for furniture

Question 14

What is MDF and name some its characteristics?

Answer 14

• Made from fine wood fibres which are compressed and glued together
• Its normally covered by a plastic coating or hardwood veneers
• Doesn’t warp easily, cuts and planes without splitting and needs a finish.
• Used for table and work tops, veneered furniture and clock cases.

Question 15

What is chipboard and name some its characteristics?

Answer 15

• Made by compressing and gluing small chips of wasted wood
• Normally covered with a plastic coasting or hardwood veneer
• Heavy, warps easily, join pieces together is not easy, needs a finish and is easily damaged by moisture.
• Used for cheep plastic coated furniture, roofing board and partitions

Question 16

What is hardboard and name some its characteristics?

Answer 16

• Made by compressing and gluing pulped wood
• Smooth on one side and rough on the other side
• Not very strong, needs a finish and warps easily
• Used for door panels, drawer bottoms and cabinet backs

Question 17

What is a veneer?

Answer 17

A venner is a thin layer of natural wood, its produces from tree trunks in numerous ways. The most popular method is to ‘peel’ a layer of thin wood with a cutter whilst the tree trunk resolved on a large lathe.

Question 18

Describe the two forms of a veneer…….

Answer 18

-SHEET-
Is usually glued onto the surface of a cheaper manmade board giving the illusion of expensive natural wood.
-ROLL-
Known as iron and can be glued on the edge of a board, producing a quality finish and hiding the cheeper board beneath.

Question 19

How long on average to trees take to grow?

Answer 19

30 - 100 years

Question 20

Name and describe the two types of the conversion process………..

Answer 20

1. )Trough and through- They warp, quick to cut, cheap and you get larger pieces.
2. )Quarter sawn- They don’t warp, you get smaller pieces, more waste and are more expensive.

Question 21

What is preservatives/wood finishes?

Answer 21

Can be pressure treated

Question 22

What is the wood covering called stain do?

Answer 22

• Adds colour
• Doesn’t hide the grain
• Rubbed on with a cloth
• needs a finish on top of the stain

Question 23

What is the wood covering called varnish do?

Answer 23

• Polyurethane and c are sold in these finishes
• Wood grain is visible
• Water and heat resistant
• Usually applied with a brush

Question 24

Name the matt, Stain and Gloss are shiny etc………..

Answer 24

Matt-Not shiny
Stain-Slightly shiny
Gloss-Very shiny

Question 25

What is the wood covering called French Polish do?

Answer 25

- Known as table top polish - Used on high quality furniture (Good/high finish) - Not water and heat resistant

Question 26

What is the wood covering called Wax do?

Answer 26

- You can see the grain | - Seal wood, applying the coating clean cloth to buff it

Question 27

What is the wood covering called Oil do?

Answer 27

- Teak oils - Water and heat resistant - Satin finish - Doesn't crack or peel off - Darkens over time, reply every 6 months - Apply with a cloth

Question 28

What is the wood covering called Paint do?

Answer 28

- Hides wood grain - Water resistant - Better finish if loads of thin layers are applied - Primer-seals, under coat - hides original surface from showing, gloss- nice finish

Question 29

What is a sustainable forest?

Answer 29

A sustainable forest is a forest that is carefully managed so that as trees are felled they are replaced with seedlings that eventually grow into mature trees. The forest is a working environment, producing wood products such as wood pulp for the paper / card industry and wood based materials for furniture manufacture and the construction industry. Great care is taken to ensure the safety of wildlife. Sustainable forests are the result of a policy to replace trees that are felled so that forests continue to exist providing natural materials for us all.