Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Oculoplastics > Word association > Flashcards

Word association Flashcards

(68 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Order of frequency of muscle involvement in TED

A

Inferior rectus > medial rectus > superior rectus > lateral rectus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Antibodies in Graves

A

Antithyroglbulin (anti-Tg)
Anti thyroid peroxidase (AntiTPO)
Anti TSH receptor (TBII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Phacomatous choristoma

A

Inferonasal orbital choristoma of lens material; seen in young children. Benign.

= Zimmerman’s tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Poor prognostic feature of sebaceous carcinoma

A

Upper lid location more associated with death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Canaliculitis

A

Actinomyces

Sulfur granules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Lacrimal sac tumor

A

Transitional

Squamous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Orbital tumor in adult

A

Cavernous hemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Malignant orbital tumor in adult

A

Lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Malignant orbital tumor in child

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Primary intraocular tumor in adult

A

Melanoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Primary intraocular tumor in child

A

RB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Intraocular tumor

A

Metastasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Antibiotics in pediatric preseptal or orbital cellulitis

A

Cephalexin if anterior

Amox/clav if sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Preseptal cellulitis in child under 5

A

Bacteremia, septicemia, meningitis 2/2 H flu (now less common, in the setting of vaccine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Risks associated with MRSA cellulitis

A

Nec fasc, orbital cellulitis, endogenous endophthalmitis, panophthalmitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When is admission warranted for preseptal?

A

48h failed PO abx, orbital sg/sx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Location of abscess in orbital cellulitis

A

Subperiosteal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Infectious agent category - adult v child

A

Gram pos cocci

Mixed in adult
Single agent in child

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When to drain an abscess in orbital cellulitis

A 
Older than 9 yo
Frontal sinusitis
Nonmedial location 
Large abscess
Suspicion of anaerobic agent
Recurrence after prior drainage
Chronic sinusitis (e.g. polyps)
Optic nerve or retinal compromise
Dental origin (suggests anaerobic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Signs of posterior extension of orbital cellulitis

A

Proptosis
Ophthalmoplegia
Anesthesia is V1/V2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Nec fasc

A

Group A beta-hemolytic strep
Pain out of proportion
Numbness
Shock

Clinda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Branching, nonseptate hyphae stain w H&E

A

Zygomycoses : mucor or rhizopus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Branching hyphae is uniform width

Grocott-Gomori methenamine silver nitrate

A

Aspergillosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Parasitic organisms of the orbit

A

Taenia soleum
Ecchinococcus
Trichinosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Pathogenesis of TED
T cell CD154 binds fibroblast CD40 IL6, IL8, PGE2 Hyaluronan and GAG Transformation to adiposite
26
IV steroid does for TED
500mg-1 g methylprednisolone 6-12wk Or oral 1 mg/ kg Bridge to radiotherapy/sx
27
IgG4 Disease
``` Orbitotopathy Dacryoadenitis Xanthogranuloma Orbital amyloidosis Nonspecific inflammation ```
28
What type of hypersensitivity is vasculitis
Type 3 hypersensitivity (immune complex-mediated)
29
Localization of NSOI
``` EOMs (not sparing muscle insertion) Lacrimal gland Anterior segment Apex Diffuse ```
30
Treatment of sclerosing NSOI
Aggressive systemic immunosuppression Responds poorly to steroids or to radiation
31
Hemangiomas in adults and in children
Capillary = Infantile - enlarge over 12 months; 75% involute by 3-7yo - high flow Cavernous = adult - encapsulated, low-flow
32
Risk factors for infantile hemangioma
Female Low birth weight Prematurity Maternal chorionic villus sampling
33
Location of infantile hemangioma
Superonasal orbit | Medical upper lid
34
Systemic associations for capillary hemangioma
Neck hemangioma (airway) Visceral (thrombocytopenia) = Kasabach-Merritt
35
Most common benign orbital neoplasm in adults
Cavernous hemangioma
36
Hemangiopericytoma
Clinically similar to cavernous hemangioma Blue intra-op Composed of pericytes Uncertain metastatic potential from path COMPLETE EXCISION, given metastatic risk
37
Orbital lymphatic malformation
= lymphangioma = venous + lymphatic Congenital Apparent 1st or 2nd decade Enlarge w URI Tx w sclerosing agent Associated with intacranial AVM
38
Grape-like cystic lesion
Lymphatic malformation Also w fluid layering of blood products
39
Orbital varix
Low-flow Enophthalmos at rest — proptosis with valsalva or dépendent head positioning
40
TX AVM
Sélective occlusion of feeders Risk or exsanguination
41
AV Fistula
Direct C-C - ICA + cavernous sinus - Trauma - High flow = tortuous episcleral vessels, bruit, pulsative proptosis - sequelae: anterior uveitis, blood @ Schlemm, choroidals, IOP elevations Dural C-C - meningeal branches off medicine - age/ OCD; - degenerative/HTN - lower flow — XR angiogram gold standard, but MRI accepted as safer
42
Chiasmal involvement in optic nerve glioma
50%
43
Intracranial associations of optic nerve glioma
ICH Reduced hypothalamic and pituitary function
44
Glioblastoma sg sx
Pain, vision loss, swelling/hemorrhage of nerve head Poor prognosis
45
Fibrous histocytoma
Less than 10% metastatic, but are locally aggressive | Fibroblast and histiocyte
46
Solitary fibrous tumor
Spindle cells CD34 positive Metastatic potential w incomplete excision
47
Fibrous dysphasia
Hyperostotic bone without dural enhancement Albright syndrome w cutaneous pigmentation, endocrine disorders Resection c debulking as needed
48
Common presentations of orbital lymphoma
Non Hodgkin B cell (90% of malignant). 4 types: MALT - 40-60%; may have chlamydia association in conj (H pylori in GI). May go into remission or transform, usually higher-grade CLL Folicular Center High grade (large cell, lymphoblastic, Burkett)
49
Medial fullness with respect to medial canthal tendon
Superior: encephalocele Inferior: lacrimal sac distension
50
Epiphora in infant—important pertinent positive/negative
Mucopuruent discharge (localize to upper or lower)
51
Site of blockage in congenital NLDO
Valve of Hasner, nasal end of NLD ~20-22mm from nostril
52
Percentage NLDO resolving by age 1
90%
53
Percentage NLDO resolved with probing
90%
54
Basal tear secretion test
Anesthestic in Strip in 5 min Normal = 10-15
55
Schumer 1 v 2
Schirmer I: no anesthesia, paper in eyelid, measure tears Schrumer 2; fatigue block sign, nasal stimulation x2 min incr reflex tear
56
Tests in suspected NLDO
Dye disappearance (5min; asymmetry in drainage), nasal secretion, irrigation, Jones I and Jones II
57
What are the Jones 1 and Jones 2 tests?
Jones 1 - primary dye test: fluroescein to fornix and check at inferior meatus at 2 and 5 min (Not commonly done) Jones 2 - after Jones 1, irrigation of lacrimal system and test for fluroescein in irrigant solution
58
If lacrimal system irrigation results in distension of lacrimal sac, but reflux, where is obstruction
Valve of Rosenmuller
59
Epilation effect duration
3 weeks
60
Corneal ulcer with negative culture not responding to treatment
Anesthetic abuse Presents as an abrasion and tends to progress to KP, infiltration, incl ring infiltrate
61
Drug induced cicatricial pemphagoid
Subconj fibrosis in the setting of long term gtt use (e.g. miotics) causing scarring of fornix, symblepharon, pannus, punctual stenosis Confirm w conj bx
62
Primary lumbar stem cell deficiency
``` PAX6 mutation (aniridia) Ectodactyl-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome Sclerocornea Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome Congenital eryrhromeratodermia ```
63
Secondary causes of lumbar stem cell deficiency
``` Radiation Chemical burn Thermal burn Toxic medication —long term (pilo, antimetabolite, keratitis-inducing meds) PTG Inflammatory disease (pemphagoid, SJS) Infectious conjunctivitis (trachoma) Dysplasia/neoplasia ```
64
LADD
Lacrimal-auriculo-dental-digital syndrome = Levy-Hollister Assd w limbal stem cell deficiency
65
Surgical management of limbal stem cell deficiency
SCL Autograft if 1 eye Allograft or Kpro if bilateral
66
Blepharophimosis syndrome
AD in FOXL (ch3) AKA: blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus (BPES) Blepharophimosis (narrow palpebral fissure) Proptois — dysplasia of levator aponeurosis - Can cause ambly - Usually treat this last Telecanthus — I.e. normal interpupillary distance, but wide intercanthal distance Epicanthus inversus — skin fold covers medial canthus Premature ovarian failure (type 1 only)
67
Breslow Depth
Melanoma in situ - epithelial Stage I - 0.8mm “early melanoma” (excision) Stage II - 0.8-4.0mm and/or ulceration (excision + LN) Stage II “thick” - > 4mm — higher risk of metastatic spread, 50% survival at 5 years, rec LN biopsy Stage III - metastasis; ulceration plays prognostic role, Breslow depth does not
68
High-flow CC fistula
Internal carotid rupture or leak within the cavernous sinus Severe proptosis, diffuse ophthalmoplegia, CRVO, arterialization of conjunctival vessels

Oculoplastics (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions