Word Definition Flashcards

Question

Tricuspid valve

Answer 1

* has three flaps of tissue to prevent backflow of blood The right atrium contracts to force blood through the_________ _____ into the right ventricle The valve is the name of the valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle

Answer 2

At the blood flows through the, it becomes__________(having additional oxygen) and returns to the left side of the heart by way of the pulmonary, which brings the blood to the left atrium .

Answer 3

The left atrium contracts and forces blood into the left ventricle via the______ _____ Is the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle

Answer 4

* is the largest blood vessel in the body. Is the largest artery of the body and it branches into smaller arteries to carry blood throughout the body

Answer 5

Small valves in the body

Answer 6

Valve open and closed to prevent backflow

Answer 7

-Right atrium-Right ventricle-pulmonary artery-lung capillaries-pulmonary vein-left atrium-left ventricle-aorta

Answer 8

Valves between the atria and ventricles

Answer 9

Is generally called the mitral valve in medicine and is so named because the two valve flaps are shaped somewhat like the mitered corner joints of a picture frame

Answer 10

Regulates the flow of blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk, which divides into pulmonary arteries that lead to the lungs

Answer 11

Means pertaining to the lungs

Answer 12

Vessels that carry blood from the heart to the lungs

Answer 13

Vessels that carry blood from the lungs back to the heart

Answer 14

After flowing from the left atrium to the left, ventricle, blood leaves the heart by way of the______ _____ which regulates the flow of blood into the aorta Valve leading to the aorta from the left ventricle

Answer 15

The pulmonary and aortic valves are also called(because of the half moon appearance of the cusps)

Answer 16

Structure that closes and prevents backflow of blood

Answer 17

Lies in the thoracic cavity and the thoracic cavity is the chest cavity

Answer 18

*Is an area in the chest cavity between the lungs. It contains the heart and its large vessels, the trachea, the esophagus and nearby structures, such as the lymph nodes * a space in the middle of the thoracic cavity

Answer 19

Means in circling in the manner of a crown

Answer 20

Arteries that supply blood to the heart

Answer 21

The heart is enclosed in__________, a membranous sac Outer membranous sac of the heart

Answer 22

The tissue layers of the heart starting from the outside

Answer 23

* is the thick metal muscular layer that is made up of fibers that contract Cardiac muscle tissue The thick, contractile middle layer is made up of muscle fibers that contract which results in a ringing type of movement, that squeezes blood from the heart

Answer 24

*Is the membrane lining the inside of the heart, innermost layer(innermost layer) Inner lining of the heart Membrane inside the heart

Answer 25

A tough fibrous tissue that constitutes that outermost sac fits loosely around the heart and protects it

Answer 26

The pericardium is composed of an inner visceral layer and an outer tougher layer (parietal pericardium)

Answer 27

Lies on the surface of the heart

Answer 28

The space between the two layers

Answer 29

A dividing wall, or partition The four chambered heart is separated into right, and left chambers by a partition called______

Answer 30

Left coronary artery(LCA) Right coronary (RCA)

Answer 31

Innermost endocardium Myocardium Epicardium, a.k.a. Visceral pericardium

Answer 32

Right and left atria(singular-atrium)

Answer 33

Right and left ventricles

Answer 34

Means pertaining to a ventricul

Answer 35

AV or A-V pertaining to an atrium and ventricle of the heart

Answer 36

The structure that prevent backflow of blood, by opening, and closing with each heartbeat

Answer 37

Vena cava Right atrium Right ventricle Pulmonary artery

Answer 38

lungs: exchange of CO2 and O2 Pulmonary veins Left atrium Left ventricle Aorta

Answer 39

Both atria contract simultaneously, followed by simultaneous contraction of both ventricles

Answer 40

Composed of highly specialized tissue that is capable of producing and conveying electric impulses

Answer 41

* in the heart is also known as the natural pacemaker, Located at the junction of the right atrium, and the superior vena cava SA node is also called the sinus node SA node is the natural pacemaker of the heart

Answer 42

A cavity or channel

Answer 43

Atrioventricular node It’s a special type of cardiac tissue and is located near the septal wall between the left and right atria

Answer 44

Modified, cardiac fibers that constitute the terminal ramifications of the conducting system of the heart

Answer 45

Play an important role in providing a continuous supply of oxygen and nutrients to the cells

Answer 46

Where the exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide takes place consists of a single layer of endothelial cells yet blood vessels, especially the arteries are subject to great pressure with each heartbeat

Answer 47

Are lined with endothelium, a layer of epithelial cells, which secrete substances that prevent blood clotting, and regulate the tone of the vessels

Answer 48

Have three additional layers: an inner layer, a muscular layer, and a white fibrosis outer layer. Arteries are thicker than veins, and their outer layer is elastic, allowing them to expand as the heartbeat forces blood into them.

Answer 49

Carry blood away from the heart, and for this reason, blood pressure is much higher in the arteries than in veins

Answer 50

Also contain valves at various intervals to control the direction of the blood flow back to the heart

Answer 51

Pertaining to one or more arteries

Answer 52

Pertaining to, composed of, or affecting veins

Answer 53

Artery/vein/pertaining to Pertaining to both arteries and veins

Answer 54

atrium/pertaining to Pertaining to an atrium

Answer 55

heart/lungs/pertaining to Pertaining to the heart and lungs

Answer 56

Septum/pertaining to Pertaining to the septum

Answer 57

Inside/heart/pertaining to Pertaining to the pericardium

Answer 58

Inside/heart/pertaining to Pertaining to the endocardium

Answer 59

Muscle/heart/pertaining to Pertaining to the myocardium

Answer 60

lung/pertaining to Pertaining to the lungs

Answer 61

vein/to cut/one who Person with special training in the practice of drawing blood

Answer 62

vein/incision, puncture Opening of a vein to draw blood for laboratory analysis

Answer 63

Cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 64

Inner lining of the heart

Answer 65

Pertaining to both arteries and veins

Answer 66

Pertaining to the inner lining of the heart

Answer 67

Pertaining to the lower heart chambers

Answer 68

Pertaining to the septum

Answer 69

Pertaining to the upper heart chambers

Answer 70

Is the main trunk of the systemic arterial system. Divide the aorta into three major portions Ascending aorta Aortic arch Descending aorta, which is further divided into the thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta

Answer 71

Palmar arches Ulnar Radial Brachial Axiliary Write subclavian Brachiocephalic Right common carotid external carotid Internal carotid Vertebral Left common carotid left subclavian Aortic arch

Answer 72

Ascending aorta Coreneri

Answer 73

Thoracic aorta

Answer 74

Common hepatic Renal Superior mesenteric Abdominal aorta Femoral Popliteal anterior tibial posterior tibial Dorsal is pedis left gastric Splenic Renal Gonadal Interior mesenteric Left common iliac Internal iliac External iliac

Answer 75

aorta/ pertaining to pertaining to the aorta

Answer 76

within/aorta/pertaining to Within the aorta

Answer 77

valve/pertaining to pertaining to a valve

Answer 78

valve/the result of an action Having valves

Answer 79

Valve/pertaining to Pertaining to a valve

Answer 80

Oxygen poor blood is Delivered to the right side of the heart beer, the two largest beans, the superior and inferior vena cava. The blood from these two large veins is emptied into the chamber of the heart, called the right atrium. When the heart contracts, what is force through the tricuspid valve to the lower chamber, called the right ventricle. Another contraction of the heart forces, the blood into the pulmonary artery, which branches and carries blood to the lungs, work picks up oxygen. The pulmonary veins take blood back to the heart chamber, called the left atrium. The flow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle is controlled by the bicuspid valve. Blood is then pumped into the largest artery in the body the aorta. This vessel, branches many times to become arteries, which organ branch many times to become the smallest artery is called arteriole, which intern branch to become the smallest vessels, where oxygen is delivered to body tissues, these vessels called capillaries, are composed of only a single layer of cells and are continuous with venules, which, in turn or continuous with larger vessels, called veins. These vessels are directly or indirectly connected with the vena cava.

Answer 81

Give a preliminary indication of how well the heart is functioning

Answer 82

* measures pressure in the large arteries at the height of the pulse wave Is the pressure exerted by the circulating volume of blood, on the walls of the arteries and veins, and on the chambers of the heart

Answer 83

It’s made with a stethoscope, and a sphygmomanometer

Answer 84

A blood pressure cuff and pressure gauge

Answer 85

The first sound heard is noted The higher reading indicates the ________ ________

Answer 86

The last sound heard (80 mm Hg) The lower reading indicates the _________ ________

Answer 87

Cuff pressure inflated above systolic pressure (no pulse sound heard) brachial artery occluded by cuff, no blood flow Systolic pressure Pressure in cuff is released to below systolic, but higher than diastolic. Blood spurts into constricted artery. 120mm Hg Sounds first heard Diastolic pressure Pressure in cuff below diastolic Blood flows freely 80 mm Hg Sounds disappear

Answer 88

A. No phones are heard because the pressure in the cup is higher than the systolic pressure B. The first sound heard.(a systolic pressure of 120 mm Hg is noted. C. The last sound heard (80 mm Hg) represents the diastolic pressure. This example represents a normal blood pressure reading of 120/80 mm Hg (the height of the mercury in a graduated column on the blood pressure apparatus) Three types of instruments for indirect measurement of blood pressure. Mercury, aneroid, and automatic digital. D. This type of apparatus has been used in healthcare for more than a century. E. Anaeroid types have an easy to redial and wall-mounted models are recommended because mechanical jarring may result in less accurate readings F. An automatic digital instrument that a person can use at home. It also records the pulse.(small reading of “68”

Answer 89

Consist of two numbers expressed as a fraction The first number represents the maximum pressure on the artery The second number represents the amount of pressure that still exist when the heart is relaxed(in other words, not contracting)

Answer 90

Millimeters of mercury

Answer 91

Blood pressure is at its highest point (when the ventricles contract) during_______ Blood pressure that is measured when the ventricles contract is the __________ pressure

Answer 92

Relaxation of the ventricles in a heartbeat

Answer 93

1. increased cardiac output. 2. increase the blood volume. 3. Increased blood viscosity 4. Loss of elasticity, of the artery walls.

Answer 94

Blood pressure readings, reflect the quantity of blood flow through the heart and resistance in the walls of the________

Answer 95

Abbreviated HTN, is increased blood pressure

Answer 96

Means decreased blood pressure

Answer 97

The process of recording that electrical currents of the heart

Answer 98

The record produced in electrocardiography is an

Answer 99

* means instrument used to record electrical currents of the heart The name of the instrument that is used in a electrocardiography is an

Answer 100

Normal heart rhythm

Answer 101

Electrocardiogram

Answer 102

1. The first wave begins to cycle and represents the contraction of the arteri when force in the blood into the ventricles. 2. The high pointed hill complex represents the contraction of the ventricles and forth in the blood, into both the pulmonary and systemic circulation. 3. The last wave relaxation of the heart occurs. Then the cycle begins again

Answer 103

Is the recording of a telecardiogram by transmission of impulses to a site that is distant from the patient, it is now regularly done via telephone to a referral center or a physician’s office

Answer 104

Is a portable electrocardiograph that a person can wear while conducting normal activities This device records, heart activity overtime, and during various activities to aid in the diagnosis of cardiac problems that occur intermittently

Answer 105

An increased pulse rate (greater than 100 bpm) is

Answer 106

* refers to slow heart rate of less than 60 bpm Decreased pulse rate(less than 60 bpm) is

Answer 107

Are fatty substances in the body Cholesterol and triglycerides

Answer 108

* means the thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls Hardening of the arteries High levels of these two lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides) are associated with greater risk

Answer 109

Are special proteins that transports lipids in the blood

Answer 110

It’s associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease

Answer 111

Are associated with decreased cardiac risk profiles

Answer 112

Shows the amount of LDLs & HDLs

Answer 113

Mean, greater than normal amount of cholesterol and lipids in the blood, respectively Either of these may lead to atherosclerosis

Answer 114

Increased blood cholesterol level

Answer 115

Increase lipids in the blood

Answer 116

LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) & CK (creatine kinase) also called CPK (Creatine phosphokinase) Levels of these enzymes usually rise within a few hours after a heart attack

Answer 117

Gives information about the size and position of the heart(noninvasive)

Answer 118

Produces cross-sectional images of the heart Noninvasive

Answer 119

Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart Non-invasive

Answer 120

Noninvasive procedure using ultrasonic waves

Answer 121

Ultrasonography of the heart To monitor blood flow through the heart or blood vessels, allowing the examiner to hear and record alterations in blood flow. It can locate vessel obstructions and measure the speed of blood flow. Non-invasive

Answer 122

* means a record of the heart produced during echocardiography The graphic record of the heart obtained during echocardiography Doppler ultrasonography is a technique in which Doppler echocardiography is used to evaluate the direction and pattern of blood flow within the heart

Answer 123

(TEE ) is an endoscopic ultrasound test that provides ultrasonic Imaging of the heart from a retrocardiac vantage point (inside the esophagus)

Answer 124

A computerized radiographic technique that uses radioactive substances to examine the myocardial metabolic activity

Answer 125

One who demonstrates the procedure of an echocardiography

Answer 126

Test that measure the hearts response during controlled, physiologic stress, usually exercise

Answer 127

In the treadmill, exercise test, an ECG and other measurements are taken, while the patient walks on a inclined treadmill at varying speeds and inclines

Answer 128

And other nuclear medicine procedures, also measure cardiovascular function, particularly in coronary artery disease

Answer 129

Cardiac computed tomography Cardiac MRI Doppler ultrasonography Echocardiographic Echocardiogram Transesophageal echocardiogram Positron emission tomography Stress tests Treadmill, stress test Thallium stress test

Answer 130

Arteriography Anteriograph Anteriogram Coronary arteriography Aortography Aortogram Cardiac catheterization Coronary angiography Coronary angiogram, a.k.a. angiocardiography digital subtraction angiography (DSA) electrophysiology studies

Answer 131

Radiography of arteries, after injection of radiopaque material into the bloodstream. Literally, this word means recording of the arteries

Answer 132

Just as photographs is used to mean the record produced in photography

Answer 133

Is a radiographic procedure used to study coronary arteries

Answer 134

Is radiography of the aorta after introduction of a contrast medium

Answer 135

The film produced by aortography

Answer 136

Are examples of areas of the aorta that are studied

Answer 137

A diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is introduced through an incision in to a large blood vessel of the arm leg or neck, and threaded through the circulatory system to the heart

Answer 138

Radiography of the heart, and it’s vessels by injecting of radioplaque contrast medium directly into coronary arteries, using the same procedure as that used for cataract catheterization

Answer 139

The record that is produced in a angiography

Answer 140

Provides computer–enhanced radiographic images of blood vessels filled with contrast material

Answer 141

Use electrode catheters inserted into the right side of the heart to identify disturbances in different cardiac structures

Answer 142

Ultrasonography of the heart

Answer 143

Radiography of the aorta

Answer 144

Image produced in radiography of the arteries

Answer 145

Is any abnormal condition characterized by dysfunction of the heart and blood vessels

Answer 146

If heart disease is present at birth

Answer 147

Abnormal enlargement of an atrium

Answer 148

* is a general term meaning disease of the heart muscle A general diagnostic term that designates primary myocardial disease. In other words, the disease originated in the myocardium

Answer 149

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart caused by infectious microorganisms

Answer 150

Inflammation of the muscle tissue of the heart. Cardiomyopathy that results in insufficient, oxygen, damaged valves, or high blood pressure This may be caused by an infection, rheumatic, fever, a chemical agent, or a complication of another disease

Answer 151

Inflammation of the pericardium,( membranous sac that surrounds the heart) owing to an infectious microorganism, a cancerous, growth, or a variety of other causes

Answer 152

Is an abnormal opening in the septum, dividing the right, and the left ventricles This defect is a type of congenital heart disease

Answer 153

Is an abnormal opening in the part of the septum that separates the right and the left atria This defect is a congenital heart disease

Answer 154

Abnormal heart sounds

Answer 155

Is a blue or bluish discoloration of the skin, and mucous membranes, that results from insufficient oxygen to the tissues

Answer 156

An abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta This defect is a type of congenital heart disease

Answer 157

Narrowing of a part of the aorta This defect is a type of congenital heart disease

Answer 158

Four congenital heart defects named for the French physician -pulmonary stenosis -Right ventricular hyper trophy -Intraventricular septum -aortic defect This defect is a type of congenital heart disease

Answer 159

Without rhythm

Answer 160

A variation in the normal rhythm of the heartbeat a disturbance of the rhythm

Answer 161

Means an abnormal, disordered, or disturbed rhythm

Answer 162

Are rapid contractions of either the atria or the ventricles, and can be seen on the electrocardiogram

Answer 163

Are subjective sensations of a pounding or racing heart. It can be associated with heart disease, but some persons, experience, palpitations, and yet have no evidence of heart disease. In these cases, the palpitations are believed to be emotional responses to stress.

Answer 164

Is a severe, cardiac arrhythmia, in which ventricular contractions are to rapid and uncoordinated for effective blood circulation Is often a cause of cardiac arrest

Answer 165

* means severe cardia arrhythmia in which ventricular contractions are too rapid and uncoordinated for effective blood circulation A cardiac arrhythmia marked by rapid uncoordinated contractions

Answer 166

* is used to stop fibrillation (or reverse fibrillation) Is an electronic apparatus that has defibrillator paddles that are used to make contact with the patient and deliver a preset voltage of electricity to shock the heart Is used to stop fibrillation

Answer 167

Stops fibrillation

Answer 168

Which means absence of heartbeat or contraction

Answer 169

Impairment in the conduction of the impulse from the SA node to other parts of the heart is known as. When the electric impulse is not conducted throughout the heart, normal heart contraction does not occur SA node natural pacemaker of the heart

Answer 170

A cardiac arrhythmia characterized by disorganized electric activity in the atria results in reduced stroke volume(the amount of blood ejected from ventricul during contraction) what is not a as life-threatening as ventricle fibrillation

Answer 171

That can be detected by electrocardiography include bradycardia, tachycardia, premature, ventricular contractions (PVCs), and atrial ventricular block (AVB)

Answer 172

The patient may detect palpitations and racing heartbeat(150 to 250 bpm) that occur and stop suddenly paroxysmal means, occurring in sudden, repeated episodes

Answer 173

Is a disorder of impulse transmission between the atria and ventricles

Answer 174

Is enlargement of the heart

Answer 175

is abnormal smallness of the heart

Answer 176

refers to Insufficient blood flow to an area (usually due to a blockage) * means a decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part

Answer 177

If the myocardial demand for oxygen exceeds the capability of diseased coronary arteries___________ _________ results.

Answer 178

The patient may experience chest pain. The pain usually radiates along the neck, jaw, and shoulder, and down the left arm.

Answer 179

The pain of angina is often relieved by rest, and the use of coronary vasodilator, nitroglycerin tablets, placed under the tongue

Answer 180

Under the tongue

Answer 181

Means a total lack of oxygen Means and abnormal condition characterized by absence of oxygen

Answer 182

A localized area of damaged tissue resulting from anoxia

Answer 183

is necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle caused by an obstruction or a blood clot in a coronary artery. cells die, when deprived of oxygen. The death of cells in an area of the myocardium, because of the oxygen deprivation is ____________ ___________

Answer 184

Is the death of body tissue. It occurs when two little blood flows to the tissue

Answer 185

The patient is usually left with some heart damage often resulting in failure of the heart to function normally. This deficiency of the heart is called._______ _____________.

Answer 186

Enlargement of an atrium of the heart

Answer 187

Bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes

Answer 188

Variation in the normal rhythm of the heartbeat

Answer 189

Means smallness of the heart

Answer 190

Abnormal condition of absence of oxygen

Answer 191

irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat

Answer 192

insufficient oxygen to the heart

Answer 193

Means abnormally large amounts of fluid in tissues; swelling Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces of tissue

Answer 194

Valves, not opening fully heart valves are defective Stenosis means narrowing Narrowing of the opening, created by the valve stenosis of any of the heart valves can decrease blood circulation

Answer 195

Is inflammation of a valve, especially a heart valve

Answer 196

Inflammation of the valves of the heart

Answer 197

Weakening of one or both mitral cusps when the heart contracts

Answer 198

The valve settings, rather than opening fully, and also permits leakage because of the faulty valve flaps

Answer 199

Is damage to heart muscle and heart valves caused by episodes of rheumatic fever. Permanent damage to the heart or the valves may occur

Answer 200

Refers to an effusion of blood within the pericardium Effusion means the escape a fluid into a part, such as a cavity.

Answer 201

Means the escape of fluid into a part, such as a cavity

Answer 202

An accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space can lead to compression of the heart.

Answer 203

Is a life-threatening condition in which there is inadequate blood flow to the body's tissues. It is usually associated with inadequate cardiac output, hypotension, and tissue damage. Causes of shock include hemorrhage, or dehydration, resulting in hypo/vo/lemia.

Answer 204

Means an abnormally low, circulating blood volume

Answer 205

Enlarged heart

Answer 206

Rapid and uncoordinated ventricular contractions

Answer 207

Absence of heartbeat, cardiac arrest

Answer 208

A localized area of damaged tissue resulting from insufficient oxygen

Answer 209

insufficient blood flow to an area

Answer 210

Inflammation of the pericardium (membrane surrounding the heart)

Answer 211

A word that means narrowing

Answer 212

Inflammation of the lining of the heart

Answer 213

A life-threatening condition in which blood flow is inadequate

Answer 214

Make up the network of blood vessels that carry blood

Answer 215

is located in the brain, regulates, vasoconstriction and vasodilation, thus influencing the diameter of the blood vessels

Answer 216

is stretching or dilation of a vessel in the word, vasodilation, dilation means, expansion or stretching an increase in the diameter of a blood vessel

Answer 217

Means expansion or stretching

Answer 218

Opposite of vasodilation, when blood vessels, constrict, they become narrow. *means a decrease in the diameter of blood vessels

Answer 219

*is a localized dilation or ballooning out of the wall of a blood vessel. Aneurysms can occur in many blood vessels, but most aneurysms are arterial, (because pressure is higher in the arteries, particularly the aorta) an aneurysm may rupture, causing hemorrhage, or Thrombi may form in the dilated vessel, and give rise to emboli that may obstruct smaller vessels. Aneurysms tend to occur at specific sites.

Answer 220

A benign tumor of either blood (hem/angi/Ima) or lymph (lymph/angi/oma) vessels. Angiomas are not malignant and sometimes disappear spontaneously. Whether a hemangioma, or lymphangioma, the tumor consists of a mass of blood vessels. A lymphangioma is a tumor composed of mass of lymphatic vessels.

Answer 221

Narrowing of the diameter of a vessel. Narrowing of the aorta is aortic stenosis, in which blood cannot flow efficiently from the left ventricle into the aorta, and the condition may lead to congestive heart failure. Stenosis, as well as stricture, means an abnormal condition characterized by narrowing or constrction of an opening or passageway.

Answer 222

Narrowing of the aorta, in which blood cannot flow, efficiently from the left ventricle into the aorta

Answer 223

Means an abnormal condition, characterized by narrowing or constriction of an opening or passageway

Answer 224

Blood flows back into the left ventricle during diastole because the aortic valve does not close completely. The heart will work harder in an attempt to deliver needed oxygen and nutrients to all the bodies cells. Also called aortic insufficiency.

Answer 225

*A thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls. literal interpretation of arteriosclerosis is hardening of the arteries. Sclerosis means abnormal hardening of tissue.

Answer 226

hardening and thickening of the walls of the coronary arteries. This reduces the oxygen supply to the myocardium, and may lead to a heart attack.

Answer 227

Is one of the major causes of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial, infarction, and other cardiac disorders,

Answer 228

* is caused by occlusion of a vessel (clot) in the brain An abnormal condition characterized by occlusion of a vessel of the brain, by an embolus, thrombus, or cerebrovascular hemorrhage or spasm that results in ischemia of the brain tissues, also called a stroke.

Answer 229

An abnormal condition of the coronary arteries that causes a reduced flow of oxygen, and nutrients to the myocardium; may precede a heart attack

Answer 230

* a complete obstruction of an artery in the heart Obstruction or blockage of a coronary artery. That occlusion may result from a thrombus, but it is more likely to be caused by a narrowing of the lumen of the blood vessel by plaque.

Answer 231

* means a thrombus (blood clot) in a coronary artery Formation of a blood clot in a coronary artery

Answer 232

Blockage or narrowing of arteries, especially those conditions, affecting the lower extremities and resulting in interference of adequate blood flow to the extremities. Atherosclerosis is one cause of this condition.

Answer 233

Inflammation of the aorta

Answer 234

Hardening of the aorta

Answer 235

Pertaining to an aneurysm

Answer 236

Inflammation of the heart and large blood vessels

Answer 237

Inflammation of the artery

Answer 238

Refers to any disease of the arteries

Answer 239

Narrowing of the diameter of a vessel

Answer 240

Pertaining to a localized dilation of the wall of a blood vessel

Answer 241

A benign tumor composed of lymph vessels

Answer 242

Thickening and loss of elasticity of the arteries

Answer 243

Inflammation of the heart and large blood vessels

Answer 244

A term for a localized, dilation, or ballooning out of the wall of a blood vessel

Answer 245

A closing off of a coronary artery

Answer 246

*is a blood clot Formation of a blood clot in a coronary artery

Answer 247

means fatty deposits on hardened arterial walls

Answer 248

Hardening of the aorta

Answer 249

Narrowing of the diameter of the aorta

Answer 250

Are swollen and knotted and occur most often in the legs. They result from sluggish blood flow in combination with weakened walls and incompetent valves in the veins

Answer 251

Inflammation of a vein

Answer 252

Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot deep vein thrombophlebitis involves a thrombus in one of the deep veins of the body, most commonly the iliac or femoral veins.

Answer 253

Formation of a thrombus within a vein, may be a complication of phlebitis. It may also result from an injury to the leg or prolonged bed confinement.

Answer 254

Are a type of varicose veins in the lower, rectum or anus

Answer 255

* means controlling the flow of blood in a vein May be a spontaneous, slowing down of blood flow in a vein, or the result of a deliberate act, in which one compresses the vein to control the flow of blood temporarily.

Answer 256

means either a spontaneous venous stasis, or stopping the flow of blood in a vein by application of a tourniquet on an extremity

Answer 257

is a device applied around an extremity to control the circulation and prevent the flow of blood to or from the distal area in life-threatening hemorrhage, and used routinely during phlebotomy

Answer 258

Inflammation of a vein

Answer 259

Slowing down of blood flow in a vein

Answer 260

Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot

Answer 261

Formation of a blood clot with a vein

Answer 262

* reestablishes, heart and lung action artificial respiration and external cardiac massage are administered is a basic emergency procedure for life-support, consisting of manual external, cardiac massage and artificial respiration. The artificial respiration can be mouth, mouth breathing, or a mechanical form of ventilation. CPR is used in cases of cardiac arrest to establish effective circulation and ventilation to prevent irreversible, cerebral and cardiac damage resulting from anoxia

Answer 263

A small battery powered device that is generally used to increase the heart rate by electrically, stimulating the heart muscle, depending on the patients need a cardiac pacemaker may be permanent or temporary, and may fire only on demand or at a constant rate

Answer 264

* means restoration of normal heart rhythm by electric shock Uses electric shock to restore the normal rhythm of the heart with a device that delivers a direct current shock

Answer 265

Is a device that detects sustained ventricular, tachycardia, or fibrillation, and terminates it by a shock that restores the normal rhythm Automatic implantable

Answer 266

stops fibrillation. this implanted device is called an automatic implantable cardioverter.

Answer 267

Narrowing of the aortic valve

Answer 268

* means stopping the contraction of the heart for heart surgery Surgery on the heart

Answer 269

Solutions used to stop the hearts action so that surgery may be performed on the heart

Answer 270

Surgeries involving the heart and major vessels generally require_______ _______ a procedure in which the heart is bypassed by providing an extra/corporeal outside the body) device to pump blood. The blood is diverted from the heart and lungs to a pump, oxygenator, then returned directly to the aorta and pumped to the rest of the body

Answer 271

Is also used to mean bypass surgery

Answer 272

Is an open heart surgery in which a prosthesis, or a section of a blood vessel is grafted onto one of the coronary arteries, bypassing a blocked or narrowed coronary artery in coronary artery disease. If a vessel, from elsewhere in the patient’s body is used to provide an alternate route for the blood to circumvent the obstructed coronary artery, the surgery is called coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

Answer 273

A.k.a. bypass - one that circumvents a vessel that supplies blood to the heart is called a coronary artery bypass.

Answer 274

Means performed through the skin procedures to improve blood flow in a particular vessel, involves the use of a catheter monitored by fluoroscopy that is introduced through blood vessel

Answer 275

The management of coronary artery occlusion by any of the catheter-based techniques these procedures include the compression or removal of plaque that may be preventing adequate blood flow

Answer 276

percutaneous coronary intervention is invasive management of coronary arteries, but doesn’t involve the trauma of regular surgery involves the use of catheters inserted into occluded or stenosed arteries

Answer 277

Means surgical repair of a blood vessel that has become damaged by disease or injury

Answer 278

Applies to arteries in general, and is the opening of an occluded artery with laser, energy delivered to the site through a fiberoptic probe

Answer 279

Is used to remove blockage in a Coronary artery

Answer 280

An expandable mesh like structure

Answer 281

A small balloon tipped catheter is threaded into a Coronaryi artery and inflated to compress the plaque, a stent is placed over the angioplasty site to keep the coronary artery open

Answer 282

A catheter equipped with a inflatable balloon tip is inserted into a partially included Coronary artery. after the catheter is passed through and just passed the appropriate area the balloon at the tip of the catheter is inflated and the atherosclerotic plaque is compressed (balloon, angioplasty)

Answer 283

Is sometimes inserted during PTCA to treat abrupt or threaten closure of a coronary artery

Answer 284

sometimes, containing drugs to discourage blood clots are expandable mesh-like structures that are placed over the angioplasty site to keep the vessel open by compressing the artery walls

Answer 285

Pertains to the interior of a coronary artery

Answer 286

occurs in a healthy body for healing wounds and restoring blood flow to tissues after injury

Answer 287

Is a treatment of ischemic organs or tissues Example puncturing and ischemic heart to stimulate the creation of new blood vessels

Answer 288

Uses a specially designed catheter for cutting away, plaque from the lining of an artery Cutting away, plaque from the interior of an artery with a rotational blade

Answer 289

is surgical excision of arteriosclerotic plaque from the inner wall of obstructed artery

Answer 290

One of several sites in the body were plaque commonly forms, and this occlusion causes restricted blood flow to the brain

Answer 291

Removal of arteriosclerotic plaque from an obstructed carotid artery, usually done to prevent stroke

Answer 292

Is often prevented by administration of an oral anticoagulant

Answer 293

Blood clot

Answer 294

It is sometimes treated with a thrombo/lytic agent to dissolve the clot

Answer 295

An agent used to dissolve a blood clot

Answer 296

* formation of a blood clot within a vessel The thrombolytic agent is delivered through a catheter and infused into the clot, which often dissolves over a period of time

Answer 297

The use of a catheter to deliver a thrombolic agent to dissolve a blood clot is called

Answer 298

Direct injection of a sclerosing agent, can be performed in an office setting and causes minimal discomfort it successfully illuminates on slightly superficial varicose vein, but does not prevent development of further varicosities

Answer 299

Conservative treatment of varicose veins includes evaluation of the limb, compression stockings, and exercise. Surgical intervention for varicose veins involves tying off the entire vein and removing its incompetent tributaries. .

Answer 300

is a surgical removal of a vein. This procedure may involve removing only a segment of the vein. this may be necessary for treatment of varicose veins.

Answer 301

Compression stocking that patient can apply sequential compression device that the nurse can use to stimulate circulation and prevent Venous stasis

Answer 302

vein/surgical repair Surgical repair of a vein

Answer 303

pericardium/surgical puncture Surgical puncture of a pericardium. This is done to draw off fluid that has accumulated in the pericardial space

Answer 304

Atrium/septum/surgical repair surgical repair of the septum in the area between the right and left atria. This is performed when necessary for surgical closure of the abnormal opening between the atria.

Answer 305

vessel/formation of a new opening Formation of a new opening into a blood vessel

Answer 306

vessel/incision Incision of a blood or lymphatic vessel

Answer 307

* excision, (cutting out) of a blood vessel (vessel/excision Excision of a vessel

Answer 308

embolus/excision Excision of an embolus

Answer 309

Internal cardioverter (without rhythm)

Answer 310

atrioseptoplasty

Answer 311

Atherectomy

Answer 312

Cardiac pacemaker

Answer 313

Phlebectomy

Answer 314

1. helps protect and maintain the internal fluid environment of the body by producing, filtering, and conveying lymph. 2. absorbs and transports fats to the blood system 3. serves as an important part of the immune system.

Answer 315

B cells and T cells are involved in antibody- and cell-mediated immunity, respectively

Answer 316

This system is composed of lymphatic vessels, a fluid, called lymph, lymph nodes, and three organs: the spleen, thymus, and tonsils

Answer 317

The fluid transported by the lymphatic vessels

Answer 318

The spleen, the tonsils, and the thymus contain lymphatic tissue and are specialized_________ ______

Answer 319

Is a large organ situated in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity it performs important tasks, such as defense, production of lymphocytes and plasma cells, blood storage , and destruction and recycling of red blood cells and platelets You can live without a spleen

Answer 320

Refers to the spleen pertaining to the spleen

Answer 321

pertains to the spleen and the lymph nodes

Answer 322

because it is a glandlike body. it is located in the anterior mediastinal cavity and is important in the maturation of T cells, lymphocytes that are involved in cell mediated immunity. The thymus, usually obtains its greatest absolute size at puberty, and then becomes smaller

Answer 323

(The palate is the roof of the mouth, the bony partition between the oral and nasal cavities). The palatine tonsils are usually what one is referring to when the term tonsil is used. But one should be aware that the tonsils are small masses of lymphatic tissue of several types, including the palatine and lingual (lingu(o), tongue + -al, pertaining to) tonsils, as well as the adenoids, (also called pharyngeal tonsils)

Answer 324

Means pertaining to a tonsil

Answer 325

Excess fluid is normally transported away from the tissues by a vascular network

Answer 326

The system is composed of vessels, nodes, the spleen, thymus, tonsils, and a fluid called_____

Answer 327

The fluid flows in one direction only, away from the tissue, and is eventually emptied into the subclavian _____, test, returning the fluid to the systemic circulation.

Answer 328

Spleen, tonsils, and the thymus

Answer 329

Pertaining to the spleen

Answer 330

Pertaining to the thymus

Answer 331

Pertaining to the palatine tonsils/ tonsils

Answer 332

The lymphatic channels and lymph nodes can be x-rayed after injection of radiopaque material into a lymphatic vessel

Answer 333

Means the picture produced in lymphography

Answer 334

The lymphatic vessels are the focus of study in________________, radiology of the lymphatic vessels, after the injection of a contrast medium

Answer 335

The lymph nodes are the focus of study

Answer 336

Can also be accomplished using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear magnetic imaging

Answer 337

Are important tools for diagnosis of the spread of cancer, and are routine during many surgeries in which cancerous organs are removed

Answer 338

The first lymph node to receive lymphatic drainage from a malignant tumor is this node is identified using radioactive dye which causes the node to light up, like a sentinel indicating that the node is the most appropriate one for examination

Answer 339

Near cancerous organs is an important tool to determine whether cancer has spread

Answer 340

radiography of the lymphatic vessels and nodes after injection of radiopaque material is

Answer 341

radiology of the lymphatic vessels, after injection of a contrast medium

Answer 342

Removal of tissue from the lymph nodes to determine whether cancer has spread from a nearby organ is called

Answer 343

Inflammation of the adenoids When the adenoids are enlarged as a result of frequent infection, they can obstruct the passageway and removal may be indicated.

Answer 344

Inflammation of a lymph gland. This inflammatory condition can result from a bacterial or viral infection, or other inflammatory condition, and the location of the affected node is indicative of the site of the infection.

Answer 345

any disorder characterized by a localized, or generalized enlargement of the lymph nodes or limp vessels?

Answer 346

inflammation of the lymphatic vessel, often the result of an acute streptococcal infection of one of the extremities

Answer 347

* obstruction with lymph vessels, or lymph nodes, causing accumulation of interstitual fluid *Swelling from obstruction of the lymphatics swelling of the subcutaneous tissue of an extremity as a result of obstruction of the lymphatics is hypoplasia and maldevelopment of the lymphatic system, resulting in swelling, and sometimes grotesque distortion of the extremities

Answer 348

A type of neoplasm (tumor) or lymphoid tissue that originates in the system itself, and it’s usually malignant

Answer 349

two main types of lymphomas Not all malignancies of the lymphatic system, originate in the system itself. Cancer cells may be brought to the lymphatics via lymph and may result in lymphatic carcinoma.

Answer 350

Stoppage of lymph flow

Answer 351

inflammation of a limp vessel caused by a blood clot

Answer 352

Enlargement of the spleen

Answer 353

Any disease of the spleen

Answer 354

A downward displacement (sagging) of the spleen

Answer 355

A tumor, usually benign, of the thymus

Answer 356

Any disease of the thymus

Answer 357

Inflammation of the palatine tonsils

Answer 358

* means enlargement of the spleen Enlarged spleen

Answer 359

inflammation of the lymph vessel Penicillin and hot soaks are usually prescribed

Answer 360

Inflammation of a lymph node

Answer 361

Inflammation of the palatine tonsils

Answer 362

* means a lymphatic tumor Tumor originating in the lymphatics

Answer 363

is excision of a lymph node

Answer 364

is treatment of tumors, using radiation to kill malignant cells and deter their proliferation

Answer 365

Surgical fixation of the spleen Splenoptosis, prolapse of the spleen, can be corrected by surgical fixation of the spleen. The surgery is called__________.

Answer 366

* refers to suture of the spleen ruptured spleen, often requires surgical intervention. Surgical removal of the spleen is splenectomy.

Answer 367

Surgical removal of the spleen

Answer 368

refers to removal (excision) of the thymus

Answer 369

Surgical removal of the tonsils Excision of the tonsils, a tonsillectomy is performed to treat a chronic infection of the tonsils.

Answer 370

Is performed, because the adenoids are enlarged chronically, infected, or causing obstruction. They are sometimes removed at the same time as a tonsillectomy as a prophylactic measure. Excision of the adenoids

Answer 371

A procedure in which tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy are performed at the same time

Answer 372

* refers to any disease of the lymph nodes Any disorder characterized by enlargement of the lymph nodes

Answer 373

Refers to small chambers in the brain or heart

Answer 374

Means incision of a vein (needle puncture of a vein for the drawing of blood) * puncture of a vein in order to withdraw blood

Answer 375

Refers to fast heartbeat, fast pulse

Answer 376

Pertains to the heart and blood vessels

Answer 377

Means pertaining to a venule

Answer 378

* Radiologic study of the heart and it’s great vessels Means radiography of the heart and its vessels by injecting a radiopaque contrast medium directly into the coronary arteries (during a heart cath)

Answer 379

Refers to the chest

Answer 380

means pertaining to the membrane (sac) that surrounds the heart

Answer 381

Describes hardened tissue

Word Definition Flashcards

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