Word Doc

Question 1

Which theory would track quantitative changes?

e.g. documenting the number of words added to a child’s vocabulary

Answer 1

Mechanistic Theory

Question 2

Stacy’s mother believes that most of Stacy’s acting out lately has been caused by unconscious forces within her that motivate her behavior. Stacy’s mother follows the ______ perspective.

Answer 2

Psychoanalytic

Question 3

Which approach looks at the quality of cognitive functioning at different stages of life?

Answer 3

Piagetian

Pee-ah-J-asian

Question 4

Susie learned to sit on the floor and cry until she is given a piece of candy. This is an example of

Answer 4

operant conditioning

Question 5

HOME is an instrument for evaluating the impact of a child’s home environment for

Answer 5

intellectual development

Question 6

______________ are the behaviours, interests, attitudes, skills, and personality traits a culture considers appropriate for males or females:

Answer 6

Gender roles

Question 7

What are the four levels of play

Answer 7

As children mature, their play skills move through four specific stages of play
1) solitary play
2) parallel play (minding ya business)
(playing next to each other w/o interaction)
3) symbolic play (playing house)
4) cooperative play (chess)

Question 8

Piaget’s Cognitive Stages:

Answer 8

1) Sensorimotor (0-2)
- organize activities in relation to environment

2) Preoperational (2-7)
- uses symbols, but thinking is still not logical

3) Concrete Operations (7-11)
- logical, but can’t think abstract

4) Formal operations (11+)
- thinks abstractly and deal with hypotheticals

Question 9

List 3 Internalizing Behaviours

Answer 9

• Anxiety
• Depression
• Fearfulness

Question 10

Xavier is a child who is frequently aggressive deliberately and without anger.
Xavier uses force and coercion as a mechanism to getting what he wants.
What type of aggression is Xavier engaging in?

Answer 10

Instrumental Aggression

Question 11

According to Piaget, in which of the following stages does hypothetical-deductive reasoning emerge?

Answer 11

Formal Operations Stage

Question 12

According to Kohlberg, people act under external controls and obey rules in order to avoid punishment or reap rewards. Which of the following levels of morality is this?

Answer 12

Preconventional Morality

Question 13

According to Erikson, adolescents are in the crisis of

Answer 13

identity versus identity confusion.

Question 14

What are 3 practices that teach children cultural socialization?
(cultural socialization - teaching children about their racial or ethnic heritage, promote cultural traditions, and promote ethics and racial pride)

Answer 14

A. school practices
B. community practices
C. parental practices
All of these teach a child about culture.

Question 15

Psychological maturity depends on what 3 things?

Answer 15

• Discovering one’s identity
• Becoming independent of one’s parents
• Developing a system of values

Question 16

The leading cause of death among young adults is

Answer 16

accidents

Question 17

In the 1960s, young people in the United States typically finished school, left home, got a job, got married, and had children. By the 1990s, only __________ of emerging adults followed this sequence.

Answer 17

25%

Question 18

Current research indicates that emerging adults with the highest well-being have

Answer 18

A. attended college.
B. had no children.
C. did not get married

Question 19

A sequence of age-related development that continues through the adult life span, identified by major, predictable life changes, describes the ______ model of personality.

Answer 19

normative-stage

Question 20

Until recently, the least studied part of the life span has been

Answer 20

middle adulthood

Question 21

Loss of endurance during middle adulthood results from a gradual decrease in the rate of

Answer 21

basal metabolism

Question 22

Whether or not an event causes stress may depend on

Answer 22

the reaction it produces

Question 23

Cohort, gender, ethnicity, culture, and socioeconomic status affect the life course by

Answer 23

influencing the expectations and trajectory of life decisions

Question 24

3 types of psychosocial developmental change

Answer 24

A. maturational needs or tasks that all human beings experience.
B. historical events that affect a particular population.
D. unusual experiences and unusual timing.

Question 25

In Vaillant’s study of men in their 50s, those who were considered to be, best-adjusted, displayed characteristics of

Answer 25

1) responsibility for others at work.
2) accomplishments of their children.
3) gifts to charity.

Question 26

3 Mental and behavioural problems associated with old age

Answer 26

1) Parkinson’s disease
2) Alzheimer’s disease
3) Dementia

Question 27

Which of the following types of memory is defined by long-term memory that contains factual knowledge, language, and social customs?

Answer 27

Semantic memory

Question 28

How does Erik Erikson characterize “late adulthood”?

Answer 28

Ego Integrity vs. Despair

Question 29

Continuity theory

Answer 29

Models of successful/optimal aging emphasizes a connection between past and present

• Defines successful aging by maintaining a balance of continuity and change in the internal and external structures of life.
• an activity is important not just for the sake of the activity, but because it represents a continuation of a previous lifestyle
  (e. g. volunteering at a hospital, golfing, or singing in the church choir).