Word Production Models

Question 1

A normal adult speaker…..can recognize and produce about

Answer 1

3 words per second without any difficulty

Question 2

rapid rate of formulation

Answer 2

15 speech sounds/second

Question 3

The rapid rate of formulation is a ____ process (automatic or not automatic)

Answer 3

automatic, unconscious

Question 4

What are the 2 Word Production Models?

Answer 4

discrete stage model vs Interactive Activation Model

Question 5

Steps 2 Discrete Stage Model

Answer 5

1. Select a word’s semantic relationship
2. Select the word form
3. Select the Phonemes of the word form

Question 6

Steps for the IA model

Answer 6

1. Word Selection

2. Phonological encoding

Question 7

word production begins at the ____ level

Answer 7

conception

Question 8

A concept is stimulated by?

Answer 8

Intention of the speaker or some sensory input (e.g., picture of a cat)

Question 9

A concept is ____ linguistic or non linguisitc

Answer 9

non linguistic

Question 10

A concept is a _____ representation

Answer 10

knowledge-based representations (semantic features)

Question 11

After conceptual level, what happens next?

Answer 11

Retrieval of the lexical word associated with the picture name

Question 12

Naming is at least a ____ stage process

Answer 12

2

Question 13

Describe the semantic stage (stage 1)

Answer 13

Initial stage involves access, activation, & selection of semantic representations (features, concepts) associated with a picture name

Question 14

describe the phonological stage

Answer 14

subsequent stage involves access, activitation, & selection of phonological properties associated with the picture name

Question 15

in this model, this process operates in a strictly hierarchical and sequential manner

Answer 15

discrete model

Question 16

in this model, naming processes operate in a cascaded manner

Answer 16

Interactive Activation Model

Question 17

T/F Multiple conceptual representations are achieved in both the discrete and IA models?

Answer 17

true

Question 18

in this model, the one conceptual representation that is most highly activated will then activate the phonological properties associated with that representation at the next stage.

Answer 18

Discrete Model

Question 19

in this model, Other candidates, along with the targeted representation, activate the phonological properties associated with their representations at the next stage

Answer 19

IA model

Question 20

in this model, multiple candidates are being activated (rather than one)

Answer 20

IA model

Question 21

In this model, activated representations can feedforward and feedback to previous processing levels to re-activate representations

Answer 21

IA model

Question 22

In this model, each stage is independent of each other

Answer 22

Discrete two stage model

Question 23

picture-word interference ______

Answer 23

Paradigms

Question 24

Give 3 examples of normal speech errors

Answer 24

Spoonerisms,
Freudian slips,
TOT states

Question 25

slips that are thought to reflect repressed thoughts

Answer 25

Freudian Slips

Question 26

The father of cycle analysis

Answer 26

Sigmind Freud

Question 27

He was famous for his many speech errors

Answer 27

Dr. Spooner

Question 28

Sounds or words are swapped

Answer 28

spoonerisms

Question 29

“Give me a minute, it’s just on the tip of my tongue….I feel like I can tell you in a second.”

Answer 29

Tip of Tongue (TOT)

Question 30

2 of the most common aphasia errors

Answer 30

1. semantic paraphasias (peach-orange, eagle- bird) | 22. Phonological paraphasias (matches-patches)

Question 31

peach-orange

Answer 31

semantic paraphasias

Question 32

eagle- bird

Answer 32

semantic paraphasias

Question 33

matches- patches

Answer 33

phonological paraphasias

Question 34

screw - /skrer/

Answer 34

phonological paraphasias

Question 35

errors ____(do or do not)___ violate phonotactic rules of that individual’s language

Answer 35

errors do not violate phonotactic rules of that individual’s language

Question 36

T/F errors involve linguistic units of different types

Answer 36

FALSE- errors involve linguistic units of the same type

Question 37

T/F consonants exchange with or replace other consonants, not vowels (and vice versa)

Answer 37

True

Question 38

T/F consonants exchange with or replace other vowels, not consonants (and vice versa)

Answer 38

False- consonants exchange with or replace other consonants, not vowels (and vice versa)

Question 39

T/F content words (N, V) do not exchange with or replace function words (determiners, prepositions)

Answer 39

True

Question 40

can content words replace function words in errors?

Answer 40

no

Question 41

In phoneme movement errors, errors tend to involve ____ position more than any other position of the word

Answer 41

initial

Question 42

T/F in phoneme movement errors, position of the phonemes within a word or syllable involved in the movement error are nearly always the same

Answer 42

true

Question 43

T/F phoneme exchanges are more common when each phoneme has a different phoneme next to it

Answer 43

False- phoneme exchanges are more common when each phoneme has a similar phoneme next to it

Question 44

Lexical bias effect

Answer 44

errors tend to be a real word than a nonword

Question 45

only legal sound combinations will be produced

Answer 45

true