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Word Roots Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the combining form for ‘abdomen’?

A

abdomin/o

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2
Q

What does the combining form ‘aden/o’ refer to?

A

gland

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3
Q

What is the meaning of ‘adenoid/o’?

A

adenoids

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4
Q

What does ‘adren/o’ stand for?

A

adrenal glands

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5
Q

What does ‘albumin/o’ refer to?

A

albumin

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6
Q

What is the meaning of ‘alveol/o’?

A

alveolus (s.), alveoli (pl.)

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7
Q

What does ‘amni/o’ refer to?

A

amnion, amniotic fluid

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8
Q

What is the combining form for ‘male’?

A

andr/o

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9
Q

What does ‘angi/o’ refer to?

A

vessels; blood vessel(s)

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10
Q

What does ‘ankyl/o’ mean?

A

stiff, bent

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11
Q

What is the combining form for ‘anus’?

A

an/o

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12
Q

What does ‘antr/o’ refer to?

A

antrum

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13
Q

What does ‘aort/o’ stand for?

A

aorta

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14
Q

What is the meaning of ‘appendic/o’?

A

appendix

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15
Q

What does ‘arteri/o’ refer to?

A

artery (s), arteries (pl)

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16
Q

What is the combining form for ‘joint’?

A

arthr/o

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17
Q

What does ‘atel/o’ mean?

A

imperfect, incomplete

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18
Q

What is the meaning of ‘ather/o’?

A

yellowish, fatty plaque

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19
Q

What does ‘atri/o’ refer to?

A

atrium

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20
Q

What is the combining form for ‘hearing’?

A

audi/o

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21
Q

What does ‘aur/i’ stand for?

A

ear

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22
Q

What is the meaning of ‘aut/o’?

A

self

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23
Q

What does ‘azot/o’ refer to?

A

urea, nitrogen

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24
Q

What is the combining form for ‘developing cell’?

A

blast/o

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25
What does 'blephar/o' refer to?
eyelid
26
What is the meaning of 'bronch/o'?
bronchus
27
What does 'burs/o' mean?
bursa (cavity)
28
What is the combining form for 'calcium'?
calc/i
29
What does 'cancer/o' refer to?
cancer
30
What is the meaning of 'capn/o'?
carbon dioxide
31
What does 'carcin/o' mean?
cancer
32
What is the combining form for 'heart'?
cardi/o
33
What does 'carp/o' refer to?
carpals (wrist)
34
What is the meaning of 'caud/o'?
tail (downward)
35
What does 'cec/o' refer to?
cecum
36
What is the combining form for 'abdomen'?
celi/o
37
What does 'cephal/o' mean?
head
38
What is the meaning of 'cerebell/o'?
cerebellum
39
What does 'cerebr/o' refer to?
cerebrum, brain
40
What is the combining form for 'cervix'?
cervic/o
41
What does 'cheil/o' mean?
lip(s)
42
What does 'chlor/o' refer to?
green
43
What is the meaning of 'cholangi/o'?
bile duct
44
What does 'chol/e' refer to?
gall, bile
45
What is the combining form for 'common bile duct'?
choledoch/o
46
What does 'chondr/o' mean?
cartilage
47
What is the meaning of 'chori/o'?
chorion
48
What does 'clavicul/o' refer to?
clavicle (collarbone)
49
What is the combining form for 'cochlea'?
cochle/o
50
What does 'col/o' mean?
colon (large intestine)
51
What is the meaning of 'colon/o'?
colon (large intestine)
52
What does 'colp/o' refer to?
vagina
53
What is the combining form for 'dust'?
coni/o
54
What does the combining form conjunctiv/o refer to?
conjunctiva ## Footnote The conjunctiva is a membrane that covers the front of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids.
55
What is the meaning of the combining form cor/o?
pupil ## Footnote The pupil is the opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.
56
Define the combining form corne/o.
cornea ## Footnote The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.
57
What does cortic/o refer to in medical terminology?
cortex (outer layer of body organ) ## Footnote The cortex is the outer layer of an organ, such as the brain or adrenal glands.
58
What is the definition of the combining form cost/o?
rib ## Footnote Ribs are the bones that form the rib cage, protecting the thoracic cavity.
59
What does the combining form crani/o refer to?
cranium (skull) ## Footnote The cranium is the part of the skull that encloses the brain.
60
What does cry/o mean?
cold ## Footnote Cry/o is often used in medical terms related to cold treatments or conditions.
61
What is the meaning of the combining form crypt/o?
hidden ## Footnote Crypt/o can refer to structures that are concealed or not immediately visible.
62
Define the combining form cutane/o.
skin ## Footnote Cutane/o pertains to the skin, the body's largest organ.
63
What does cyan/o refer to?
blue ## Footnote Cyan/o is often used to describe conditions related to a bluish color, such as cyanosis.
64
What is the meaning of the combining form cyst/o?
bladder, sac ## Footnote Cyst/o is commonly used in terms related to cysts or bladder conditions.
65
What does cyt/o mean?
cell ## Footnote Cyt/o is a prefix used in biology and medicine to denote cells.
66
What is the definition of the combining form dacry/o?
tear(s) ## Footnote Dacry/o is related to tears or tear production.
67
What does dermat/o refer to?
skin ## Footnote Dermat/o is commonly used in terms related to skin conditions.
68
What does the combining form dipl/o signify?
two, double ## Footnote Dipl/o is often used in medical terms to indicate a double condition, such as diplopia (double vision).
69
What is the meaning of the combining form dips/o?
thirst ## Footnote Dips/o is used in terms related to thirst or drinking.
70
Define the combining form disc/o.
intervertebral disk ## Footnote Disc/o refers to the intervertebral discs that provide cushioning between the vertebrae.
71
What does the combining form diverticul/o mean?
diverticulum ## Footnote Diverticul/o is used in terms related to diverticula, which are small pouches that can form in the walls of the intestines.
72
What does dors/o signify?
back ## Footnote Dors/o is commonly used to describe the back side of the body.
73
What is the definition of the combining form duoden/o?
duodenum ## Footnote The duodenum is the first section of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach.
74
What does dur/o refer to?
hard, dura mater ## Footnote Dur/o pertains to the dura mater, the tough outermost membrane covering the brain and spinal cord.
75
What is the meaning of the combining form electr/o?
electricity, electrical activity ## Footnote Electr/o is used in terms related to electrical activity in the body, such as electrocardiogram (ECG).
76
What does embol/o mean?
plug ## Footnote Embol/o refers to a blockage in a blood vessel, often caused by a clot or air bubble.
77
Define the combining form encephal/o.
brain ## Footnote Encephal/o is used in terms related to the brain, such as encephalitis (inflammation of the brain).
78
What does endocrin/o refer to?
endocrine ## Footnote Endocrin/o pertains to the endocrine system, which produces hormones.
79
What is the meaning of the combining form endometri/o?
endometrium ## Footnote Endometri/o refers to the inner lining of the uterus.
80
What does enter/o signify?
intestines (usually the small intestine) ## Footnote Enter/o is commonly used in terms related to intestinal health and diseases.
81
What is the definition of the combining form epididym/o?
epididymis ## Footnote The epididymis is a coiled tube where sperm matures and is stored.
82
What does epiglott/o mean?
epiglottis ## Footnote The epiglottis is a flap of tissue that covers the trachea during swallowing.
83
What is the meaning of the combining form episi/o?
vulva ## Footnote Episi/o pertains to the external female genitalia.
84
Define the combining form epitheli/o.
epithelium ## Footnote Epithelium is a type of tissue that forms the outer layer of skin and lines body cavities.
85
What does erythr/o signify?
red ## Footnote Erythr/o is often used in medical terms to describe red blood cells or conditions related to redness.
86
What does the combining form esophag/o refer to?
esophagus ## Footnote The esophagus is the tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach.
87
What does esthesi/o mean?
sensation, sensitivity, feeling ## Footnote Esthesi/o is used in terms related to sensory perception.
88
What is the meaning of the combining form eti/o?
cause (of disease) ## Footnote Eti/o is used in terms that discuss the causes of diseases.
89
Define the combining form fasci/o.
fascia (connective tissue enclosing and separating muscle layers) ## Footnote Fascia is a band or sheet of connective tissue that supports organs and muscles.
90
What does femor/o refer to?
femur (upper leg bone) ## Footnote The femur is the longest bone in the human body, located in the thigh.
91
What is the definition of the combining form fet/i?
fetus, unborn offspring ## Footnote Fet/i is used in terms related to pregnancy and fetal development.
92
What does fet/o mean?
fetus, unborn offspring ## Footnote Similar to fet/i, fet/o is also used in obstetrics to refer to the developing baby.
93
What is the meaning of the combining form fibr/o?
fibrous, fibrous tissue ## Footnote Fibr/o is used in terms that describe fibrous tissues in the body.
94
What does fibul/o refer to?
fibula (lower leg bone) ## Footnote The fibula is the smaller of the two bones in the lower leg.
95
What is the definition of the combining form gangli/o?
ganglion ## Footnote Gangli/o refers to a mass of nerve tissue or a collection of nerve cell bodies.
96
What does ganglion/o mean?
ganglion ## Footnote Similar to gangli/o, this term also refers to a structure containing nerve cells.
97
What is the meaning of the combining form gastr/o?
stomach ## Footnote Gastr/o is used in terms related to the stomach, such as gastritis (inflammation of the stomach).
98
Define the combining form gingiv/o.
gum ## Footnote Gingiv/o pertains to the gums, the tissue surrounding the teeth.
99
What does gli/o refer to?
glia ## Footnote Gli/o refers to the supportive cells in the nervous system.
100
What is the definition of the combining form glomerul/o?
glomerulus ## Footnote The glomerulus is a network of capillaries involved in the filtration of blood in the kidneys.
101
What does gloss/o mean?
tongue ## Footnote Gloss/o is commonly used in medical terms related to the tongue.
102
What is the meaning of the combining form glycos/o?
sugar ## Footnote Glycos/o is often used in terms related to glucose or sugar levels in the body.
103
Define the combining form gno/o.
knowledge ## Footnote Gno/o is used in terms related to knowledge or understanding, such as prognosis.
104
What does gravid/o refer to?
pregnancy ## Footnote Gravid/o pertains to being pregnant or carrying a fetus.
105
What is the definition of the combining form gynec/o?
woman, female ## Footnote Gynec/o is used in terms related to women's health and reproductive organs.
106
What does gyn/o mean?
woman, female reproductive organs ## Footnote Similar to gynec/o, this term also refers to female reproductive health.
107
What is the meaning of the combining form hem/o?
blood ## Footnote Hem/o is commonly used in medical terms related to blood.
108
What does hemat/o refer to?
blood ## Footnote Hemat/o is also used in terms related to blood and its components.
109
What is the definition of the combining form hepat/o?
liver ## Footnote Hepat/o pertains to the liver, an essential organ for metabolism and detoxification.
110
What does herni/o mean?
hernia (protrusion of an organ through a membrane or cavity wall) ## Footnote Herni/o is used in terms related to hernias, which can occur in various parts of the body.
111
What is the meaning of the combining form hidr/o?
sweat ## Footnote Hidr/o pertains to sweat or the process of sweating.
112
Define the combining form hist/o.
tissue ## Footnote Hist/o is used in terms related to biological tissues.
113
What does humer/o refer to?
humerus (upper arm bone) ## Footnote The humerus is the long bone in the upper arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow.
114
What is the definition of the combining form hydr/o?
water ## Footnote Hydr/o is commonly used in terms related to water or fluids in the body.
115
What does hymen/o mean?
hymen ## Footnote Hymen/o refers to the hymen, a membrane that partially covers the vaginal opening.
116
What is the meaning of the combining form hyster/o?
uterus ## Footnote Hyster/o pertains to the uterus, the organ where fetal development occurs.
117
What is the definition of the combining form iatr/o?
physician, medicine (also means treatment) ## Footnote Iatr/o is used in terms related to medical treatment or healthcare.
118
What does ile/o refer to?
ileum ## Footnote The ileum is the last part of the small intestine.
119
What is the meaning of the combining form ill/o?
ilium (upper winged-shaped portion of the pelvis) ## Footnote The ilium is the largest bone of the pelvis.
120
What does immun/o mean?
immune system ## Footnote Immun/o pertains to the immune system, which protects the body from infection.
121
Define the combining form infer/o.
below ## Footnote Infer/o is used in terms that refer to structures located below another structure.
122
What is the definition of the combining form irid/o?
iris ## Footnote Irid/o pertains to the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil.
123
What does ir/o refer to?
iris ## Footnote Similar to irid/o, this term also refers to the iris of the eye.
124
What is the meaning of the combining form is/o?
equal ## Footnote Is/o is often used in terms related to equality or balance.
125
Define the combining form isch/i.
ischium (lower posterior portion of the pelvis) ## Footnote The ischium is one of the three bones that make up the pelvis.
126
What does isch/o mean?
deficiency, blockage ## Footnote Isch/o refers to a restriction or lack of blood flow to a tissue or organ.
127
What is the definition of the combining form jejun/o?
jejunum ## Footnote The jejunum is the middle section of the small intestine.
128
What does kal/i refer to?
potassium ## Footnote Kal/i is used in terms related to potassium, an essential electrolyte.
129
What is the meaning of the combining form kerat/o?
cornea ## Footnote Kerat/o may also refer to the cornea or to keratin, a protein in the skin and hair.
130
What does kerat/o mean?
horny tissue (keratin), hard ## Footnote Kerat/o is associated with hard or keratinized tissues.
131
Define the combining form kinesi/o.
movement, motion ## Footnote Kinesi/o is used in terms related to movement or physical activity.
132
What does kyph/o refer to?
hump (increased convexity of the spine) ## Footnote Kyph/o is often associated with conditions that cause an abnormal curvature of the spine.
133
What is the definition of the combining form labyrinth/o?
labyrinth ## Footnote Labyrinth/o refers to the inner ear structure involved in balance and hearing.
134
What does lacrim/o mean?
tear(s) ## Footnote Lacrim/o pertains to tears and the tear-producing glands.
135
What is the meaning of the combining form lact/o?
milk ## Footnote Lact/o is used in terms related to milk production and mammary glands.
136
Define the combining form lamin/o.
lamina (thin, flat plate or layer) ## Footnote Lamin/o is used in terms that refer to thin layers or plates, such as those in the spine.
137
What does lapar/o refer to?
abdomen, abdominal cavity ## Footnote Lapar/o is commonly used in surgical terms related to the abdomen.
138
What is the definition of the combining form laryng/o?
larynx ## Footnote The larynx is the voice box located in the throat.
139
What does later/o mean?
side ## Footnote Later/o is used in terms that refer to the side of the body.
140
Define the combining form lei/o.
smooth ## Footnote Lei/o refers to smooth muscle tissue.
141
What does leuk/o refer to?
white ## Footnote Leuk/o is often used in terms related to white blood cells or conditions involving whiteness.
142
What is the meaning of the combining form lingu/o?
tongue ## Footnote Lingu/o pertains to the tongue and is used in terms related to it.
143
What does lip/o mean?
fat ## Footnote Lip/o is used in terms related to fat or lipid tissues.
144
What is the definition of the combining form lith/o?
stone(s), calculus (pl. calculi) ## Footnote Lith/o is used in terms related to stones or calcifications in the body.
145
What does lob/o refer to?
lobe(s) ## Footnote Lob/o pertains to lobes of organs, such as the lungs or brain.
146
What is the meaning of the combining form lord/o?
bent forward (increased concavity of the spine) ## Footnote Lord/o is used in terms related to the curvature of the spine.
147
What does lumb/o mean?
loin, lumbar region of the spine ## Footnote Lumb/o pertains to the lower back area.
148
What is the definition of the combining form lymphaden/o?
lymph node ## Footnote Lymphaden/o refers to lymph nodes, which are part of the lymphatic system.
149
What does lymph/o refer to?
lymph, lymph tissue ## Footnote Lymph/o pertains to lymph, a fluid that circulates in the lymphatic system.
150
What does mamm/o mean?
breast ## Footnote Mamm/o is used in terms related to breast tissue and conditions.
151
What is the definition of the combining form mandibul/o?
mandible (lower jawbone) ## Footnote The mandible is the bone that forms the lower jaw.
152
What does mast/o refer to?
breast ## Footnote Similar to mamm/o, mast/o pertains to breast tissue.
153
What is the meaning of the combining form mastoid/o?
mastoid bone ## Footnote The mastoid bone is located behind the ear and contains air spaces.
154
What does maxill/o mean?
maxilla (upper jawbone) ## Footnote The maxilla is the bone that forms the upper jaw.
155
What is the definition of the combining form meat/o?
meatus (opening) ## Footnote Meat/o refers to an opening or passage in the body.
156
What does medi/o mean?
middle ## Footnote Medi/o is used in terms that refer to the center or middle of a structure.
157
What is the meaning of the combining form mediastin/o?
mediastinum ## Footnote The mediastinum is the space in the thorax between the lungs.
158
What does melan/o refer to?
black ## Footnote Melan/o is often used in terms related to pigmentation, such as melanoma.
159
What is the definition of the combining form meningi/o?
meninges ## Footnote Meningi/o pertains to the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
160
What does mening/o mean?
meninges ## Footnote Similar to meningi/o, this term refers to the same protective membranes.
161
What is the meaning of the combining form menisc/o?
meniscus (crescent) ## Footnote Menisc/o refers to the crescent-shaped cartilage in joints, such as the knee.
162
What does men/o refer to?
uterus ## Footnote Men/o is often used in terms related to menstruation or the menstrual cycle.
163
What is the definition of the combining form ment/o?
mind ## Footnote Ment/o pertains to mental processes and the mind.
164
What does metr/o mean?
uterus ## Footnote Metr/o is used in terms related to the uterus and its conditions.
165
What is the meaning of the combining form mon/o?
one, single ## Footnote Mon/o is used in terms that refer to singularity or singular conditions.
166
Define the combining form muc/o.
mucus ## Footnote Muc/o pertains to mucus, a slippery secretion produced by mucous membranes.
167
What does myc/o refer to?
fungus ## Footnote Myc/o is used in terms related to fungal infections or organisms.
168
What is the definition of the combining form myel/o?
bone marrow, spinal cord ## Footnote Myel/o can refer to either bone marrow or the spinal cord.
169
What does my/o mean?
muscle ## Footnote My/o is used in terms related to muscle tissue.
170
What does myos/o refer to?
muscle ## Footnote Myos/o is similar to my/o and pertains to muscle tissue.
171
What is the definition of the combining form myring/o?
tympanic membrane (eardrum) ## Footnote Myring/o refers to the eardrum, which vibrates in response to sound waves.
172
What does nas/o mean?
nose ## Footnote Nas/o is used in terms related to the nose and nasal passages.
173
What is the meaning of the combining form nat/o?
birth ## Footnote Nat/o pertains to birth or the process of being born.
174
What does natr/o refer to?
sodium ## Footnote Natr/o is used in terms related to sodium levels in the body.
175
What is the definition of the combining form nephr/o?
kidney ## Footnote Nephr/o pertains to the kidneys and their functions.
176
What does neur/o mean?
nerve ## Footnote Neur/o is used in terms related to nerves and the nervous system.
177
What does noct/o refer to?
night ## Footnote Noct/o is used in terms related to nighttime or sleep.

Med Term Word Parts (1 decks)

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