WORDS Flashcards

(348 cards)

1
Q

Reasoning

A

the action of thinking about something in a logical, sensible way
“He explained the reasoning behind his decision at a media conference”

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2
Q

Task

A

A piece of work to be done or undertaken
Similar: job, duty, chore

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3
Q

Congnitive

A

Of, relating to, being, or involving conscious intellectual activity (such as thinking, reasoning, or remembering)

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4
Q

Analytical

A

Relating to or using analysis or logical reasoning
“Analytical methods”
Similar: systematic, logical, inquisitive

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5
Q

Analytical Reasoning

A

A persons ability to identify patterns within a group of facts or rules and use those patterns to determine outcomes that could be or must be true. Skills like creative thinking and attention to detail can help with identifying patterns meanings and deciding what to do next.

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6
Q

Rejoinder

A

A reply, especially a sharp or witty one
Similar: answer, reply, response, retort, counter

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7
Q

Refute

A

prove (a statement or theory) to be wrong or false; disprove
Similar: disprove, rebut

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8
Q

Generalization

A

A widely applicable rule. A general statement or concept obtained by inference from specific cases.

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9
Q

Objective

A

(Of a person or their judgement) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts
Similar: impartial, unbiased, unprejudiced, nonpartisan, disinterested

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10
Q

Subjective

A

Based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions

“his views are highly subjective”
Similar:
personal
personalized
individual
interna

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11
Q

Corroborate

A

Confirm or give support to (a statement, theory, or finding)

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12
Q

Syndicate

A

A group of individuals or organizations combined to promote some common interests

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13
Q

Enfeeble

A

Make weak or feeble

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14
Q

Placate

A

Make less angry or hostile
Similar: pacify, calm, appease, calm down

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15
Q

Fig leaf

A

to convey the covering up of an act or object that is embarrassing or distasteful with something of innocuous appearance
Similar: concealment, hiding, secrecy

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16
Q

Procurement

A

the action of obtaining or procuring something

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17
Q

Demagogue

A

A political leader who seeks support support be appealing to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people by using rational argument

“a gifted demagogue with particular skill in manipulating the press”

Similar: rabble-rouser, agitator

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18
Q

Ethnography

A

the scientific description of the customs of individual peoples or cultures

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19
Q

Ubiquity

A

The fact of appearing everywhere or of being very common
Similar: pervasive, omnipresence, ubiquitousness

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20
Q

Eschew

A

Deliberately avoid using; abstain from

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21
Q

Austere

A

Severe or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance
Similar: severe, stern, strict, harsh

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22
Q

Juxtapose

A

Place or deal with close together for contrasting effect

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23
Q

Prefigures

A

Be an early indication or version of (something)
Similar: foreshadow, presage, herald

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24
Q

Syntax

A

the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language

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25
Prose
the ordinary language people use when speaking or writing "a short story in prose" Similar: literal, factual, matter-of-fact
26
Need not
used to show that something is not necessary, indicating non-obligation or non-inevitability
27
Referential
of, containing, or constituting a reference especially : pointing to or involving a referent-one that refers or is referred to
28
Indexical
relating to or denoting a word or expression whose meaning is dependent on the context in which it is used (such as here, you, me, that one there, or next Tuesday)
29
Antecedent
a thing or event that existed before or logically precedes another. Preceding in time or order; previous or preexisting
30
Referent Referential
A thing that a word or phrase denotes or stands for
31
Untenable
(Especially of a position or view) not able to be maintained or defended against attack or objection
32
Allegedly
used to convey that something is claimed to be the case or have taken place, although there is no proof
33
Implication
The conclusion that can be drawn from something although it is not explicitly stated
34
Obfuscate
Render obscure, unclear, or unintelligible
35
Unintelligible
Impossible to understand Similar: incomprehensible, indiscernible, meaningless, obscure
36
Determinant
A factor which decisively affects the nature or outcome of something Similar: factor, component
37
Esoteric
Intended for or likely to be understood by only a small number of people with a specialized knowledge or interest "esoteric philosophical debates" Similar: abstruse, obscure, recondite
38
Empirically
By means of observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic Similar: experimental, experiential, factual
39
Disagreement
Lack of consensus or approval Similar: dissent, dispute, variance, antagonism, conflict
40
Immanent
Existing or operating within; inherent Similar: inherent, intrinsic, innate,
41
Explicit
stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt. Similar: clear, direct, plain, obvious
42
Implicit
Describes things in which a meaning is implied or hinted at rather than being expressed directly Similar: implied, hinted, inferred, indirect, understood
43
Civil society
Can be understood as the third sector of society, distinct from government and business, and including the family and the private sphere
44
Inefficacious
Not producing the desired effect Similar: ineffective, unsuccessful, unproductive, fruitless
45
Hyperbole
Exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally Similar: exaggeration, overstatement, embellishment
46
Pejorative
Expressing contempt or disapproval Similar: disparaging, derogatory, defamatory
47
Disparaging
Expressing the opinion that something is of little worth; derogatory
48
Contempt
The feeling that a person or things is beneath consideration, worthless, or deserving scorn
49
Ease
Absence of difficulty or effort
50
Class
The system of ordering a society in which people are divided into sets beaded on perceived social or economic status
51
Ethos
The characteristic of spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its beliefs and aspirations
52
Circumscribe
Restrict (something) within limits
53
Polity
An organized society; a state as a political entity
54
Hedonism
The pursuit of pleasure; sensual self-indulgence
55
Hegemonic
Reeling or dominant in a political of social context
56
Repudiation
Rejection of a proposal or idea "the repudiation of reformist policies"
57
Prose
Written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure
58
Petitioner
A person who presents a petition to an authority in respect of a particular cause
59
Concession
A thing that is granted, especially in response to demands; a thing conceded
60
Enterprise
A project or undertaking, typically one that is difficult or requires effort
61
Instantiated
Represent as or by an instance. “A study of two groups who seemed to instantiate productive aspects of this”
62
Decomposable
Capable of being partitioned
63
Indubitable
Impossible to doubt; unquestionable
64
dirigiste
Characterized by state control of economic and social policy
65
embolden
Give courage, give confidence to do something
66
octogenarian
A person who is in their 80s
67
Feverish
-Characterized by or displaying a frenetic excitement or energy. “She was thrown into a state of feverish excitement” -Frenzied, hectic, agitated
68
Postulate
Suggest or assume the existence, fact, or truth of (something) as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or belief. Synonyms: put forward, suggest, advance, posit, hypothesize, propose, assume, presuppose, suppose, presume
69
Apocryphal
(Of a story or statement) of doubtful authenticity, although widely circulated as being true
70
Sanguine
Optimistic or positive, especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation
71
Insolent
Showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect “She hated the insolent tone of his voice” Similar: impertinent, impudent, cheeky
72
Impertinent
Not showing proper respect; rude “An impertinent question” Similar: rude, insolent, impolite
73
Intransigent
-Unwilling or refusing to change one’s views or to agree about something. -“Her father has tried persuasion, but she was intransigent.” -Similar: uncompromising, inflexible, unbending, unyielding, unshakeable.
74
Risible
causing or capable of causing laughter; laughable; ludicrous. Similar: humorous, comical
75
Disingenuous
lacking in candor Similar: deceitful, dishonest
76
Motif
A decorative design or pattern Similar: design, pattern, decoration, figure, A distinctive feature or dominant idea in an artistic or literary composition. Similar: theme, idea, concept, subject, topic, element
77
Points ups
Highlight or emphasize, to bring attention to (something)
78
Reify
make (something abstract) more concrete or real. Similar: conceptualize, concretize, objectify
79
Deference
Humble submission and respect Similar: respect, regard, esteem, consideration
80
Abdicate
Fail to fulfill or undertake (a responsibility or duty) Similar: turn down, reject, renounce, give up
81
Disavow
Deny any responsibility or support for. Similar: deny, disclaim, disown, reject, repudiate
82
Repudiate
Refuse to accept or be associated with. "she has repudiated policies associated with previous party leaders" Similar: reject, renounce, abandon, give up. Deny the truth or validity of. Similar: deny, refute, dispute
83
Interpose
Place or insert between one thing and another. Intervene between parties. "he interposed himself between her and the top of the stairs" Similar: intervene, intercede
84
Impediment
A hinderance or obstruction in doing something. Similar: hinderance, obstruction, obstacle, barrier,
85
Preclude
Prevent from happening; make impossible "the secret nature of his work precluded official recognition" Similar: prevent, make impossible, rule out
86
Existential
Relating to existence. Concerned with existence, especially human existence as viewed in the theories of existentialism. "the existential dilemma is this: because we are free, we are also inherently responsible"
87
Existentialism
A philosophical theory or approach which emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining their own development through acts of the will.
88
13th Amendment
Abolished Slavery
89
14th Amendment
Gave citizenship to all people born in the U.S.
90
15th Amendment
gave Black Americans the right to vote
91
Emancipation proclamation
Executive order by Lincoln changed legal status of all enslaved African Americans to free people.
92
Expiation
the act of making amends or reparation for guilt or wrongdoing; atonement.
93
Contrived
Deliberately created rather than arising naturally or spontaneously. Similar: forced, strained, artificial.
94
Prevaricate
Speak or act in an evasive way. Similar: beat around the bush, hedge,
95
Cogitation
The action of thinking deeply about something; contemplation. Similar: thought, thinking, contemplation
96
Pensive
Engaged in, involving, or reflecting deep or serious thought. Similar: thoughtful, thinking, reflective, contemplative.
97
Overladen
Having too large or too heavy a load. Similar: overloaded, loaded past capacity
98
Byzantine
Relating to Byzantine (now Istanbul), the Byzantine empire. (Of a system or situation) excessively complicated, and typically involving a great deal of administrative detail.
99
Jocosely
In a way that is humorous or shows that you like to play. Similar: facetious, humorous, witty
100
Facetious
Treating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor; flippant.
101
Amiable
Having or displaying a friendly and pleasant manner. Similar: friendly, affable, amicable, cordial.
102
Exalted
(of a person or their rank or status) placed at a high or powerful level; held in high regard.
103
Acquiescence
The reluctant acceptance of something without protest. Similar: consent, agreement,
104
Farce
An absurd event. A comic dramatic work using buffoonery and horseplay and typically including crude characterization and ludicrously improbable situations.
105
Profound
(of a state, quality, or emotion) very great or intense. Similar: heartfelt, intense (of a person or statement) having or showing great knowledge or insight. Similar: Wise, learned, intelligent.
106
Impertinence
Lack of respect; rudeness Similar: rudeness, insolence
107
Sanguine
Optimistic or positive, especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation. Similar: optimistic, bullish, hopeful, buoyant
108
Bullish
Aggressively confident and self-assertive
109
Buoyant
Cheerful and optimistic
110
Benighted
In a state of pitiful or contemptible intellectual or moral ignorance, typically owing to a lack of opportunity. Similar: ignorant, unenlightened, uneducated.
111
Peevish
easily irritated, especially by unimportant things.
112
Incorrigible
(of a person or their tendencies) not able to be corrected, improved, or reformed. Similar: inveterate, habitual
113
Inveterate
(of a feeling or habit) long-established and unlikely to change.
114
Prerogative
A right or privilege exclusive to a particular individual or class. Similar: entitlement, right, privilege
115
Indignation
Anger or annoyance provoked by what is perceived as unfair treatment. Similar: resentment, umbrage, affront
116
Umbrage
offense or annoyance
117
Affront
An action or remark that causes outrage or offense Similar: insult, offense, indignity, slight
118
Ingrained
(of a habit, belief, or attitude) firmly fixed or established; difficult to change. Similar: entrenched, established, fixed
119
Magnanimous
Generous or forgiving, especially toward a rival or less powerful person. Similar: generous, charitable, benevolent
120
Dissolute
Lax in morals; licentious Similar: dissipated, debauched, decadent
121
Implode
Collapse or cause to collapse violently inwards
122
Meek
Quiet, gentle, and easily imposed on; submissive Similar: forbearing, resigned, long-suffering
123
Long-suffering
Having or showing patience in spite of troubles, especially those caused by other people
124
Kleptocracy
Kleptocracy is a government whose corrupt leaders use political power to expropriate the wealth of the people and land they govern, typically by embezzling or misappropriating government funds at the expense of the wider population
125
Potentate
A monarch or ruler, especially an autocratic one Similar: ruler, head of state, monarch
126
Autocratic
Relating to a ruler who has absolute power; taking no account of other people’s wishes or opinions; domineering
127
Despot Despotic
A ruler or other person who holds absolute power, typically one who exercises it in a cruel or oppressive way. of or typical of a despot; tyrannical
128
Convalescent
(Of a person) recovering from an illness or operation Similar: recuperating, recovering
129
Scrofulous
Having a disease run-down appearance Morally contaminated Similar: debased, corrupt, depraved
130
Debased
Having or showing lowered moral character or standards
131
Solemnly
In a formal or dignified manner; with deep sincerity
132
Sincerity
The quality of being free from pretense, deceit, or hypocrisy Similar: honesty, truthfulness, genuineness, good faith
133
Pretense
An attempt to make something that is not the case appear true.
134
Uncanny
Strange or mysterious, especially in an unsettling way Similar: eerie, unnatural, preternatural, supernatural
135
Preternatural
Beyond what is normal or natural
136
Whorl
A pattern of spirals or concentric circle
137
Oracle
A priest or priestess acting as a medium through whom advice or prophecy was sought from the gods in a classical antiquity
138
Antiquity
The ancient past, especially the period before the Middle Ages; an object, building, or work of art from the ancient past
139
Dilettante
A person who cultivates an area of interest, such as the arts, without real commitment or knowledge Similar: amateur, nonprofessional, layman
140
Querulous
Complaining in a petulant or whining manner Similar: petulant, complaining, touchy
141
Petulant
(Of a person or their manner) childishly sulky or bad-tempered
142
Intonation
The rise and fall of the voice in speaking; inflection
143
Divergence
The process or state of diverging; a difference of conflict in opinions, interests, wishes, etc.
144
Scruple
A feeling of doubt or hesitation with regard to the morality or propriety of a course of action. Similar: qualms, compunction
145
Propriety
the state or quality of conforming to conventionally accepted standards of behavior or morals Similar: decorum, respectability, decency
146
Compunction
A feeling of guilt or moral scruple that prevents or follows the doing of something bad
147
Unerring
Always right or accurate Similar: unfailing, infallible, unswerving, perfect
148
Emaciated
Abnormally thin or weak, especially because of illness or a lack of food
149
Colloquy
A conversation
150
Cogitate
Think deeply about something; meditate or reflect Similar: think (about), contemplate, consider
151
odious
Extremely unpleasant; repulsive “A pretty odious character” Similar: revolting, repulsive, repellant, repugnant
152
Derision
Contemptuous ridicule or mockery “My stories were greeted with derision and disbelief” Similar: mockery, ridicule, jeering, sneers
153
Contemptuous
Showing contempt, scornful “She was intolerant and contemptuous of the majority of the human race” Similar: scornful, disdainful, disrespectful, insulting
154
Bellicose
Demonstrating aggression and willingness to fight “A group of bellicose patriots” Similar: belligerent, aggressive, hostile, threatening
155
Anachronistic
Belonging to a period other than that being portrayed; a person or thing that is chronologically out of place.
156
Empiric
A person who, in medicine or other branch of science, relies solely on observation and experiement
157
Usurp
Take (a position of power or importance) illegally or by force “Richard usurped the throne” Similar: seize, take over, expropriate
158
Expropriate
(Especially of the state) take away (property) from its owner; dispossess (someone) of property
159
Axiomatic
Self-evident or unquestionable “It is axiomatic that dividends have to be financed” Similar: self-evident, unquestionable, undeniable
160
Auspicious
Conducive to success; favorable “It was not the most auspicious moment to hold an election” Similar: favorable, propitious, promising
161
Propitious
Giving or indicating a good chance of success; favorable “The timing for such a meeting seemed propitious”
162
Equanimity
Mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, especially in a difficult situation “She accepted both the good and the bad with equanimity” Similar: composure, calmness, calm
163
Ineffable
Too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words “The ineffable natural beauty of the Everglades” Similar: inexpressible, indescribable
164
Specious
superficially plausible, but actually wrong “A specious argument”
165
Unintelligible
Impossible to understand “Dolphin sounds are unintelligible to humans” Similar: incomprehensible, indiscernible, meaningless
166
Ineffaceable
Unable to be erased or forgotten “The experience made an ineffaceable impression on his mind”
167
Partisan
A strong supporter of a party, cause, or person “Partisans of the exiled Stuarts” Similar: supporter, follower, adherent
168
Perfidy
Deceitfulness, untrustworthiness “It was an example of his perfidy” Similar: treachery, duplicity, deceit
169
Chasteness
The quality or state of being morally pure.
170
Impotence
Inability to take effective action; helplessness
171
Temerity
Excessive confidence or boldness; audacity “No one had the temerity to question his conclusions” Similar: audacity, boldness, nerve
172
Credulous
Having or showing too great a readiness to believe things “A ceremony staged for credulous tourists” Similar: gullible, naive, impressionable, trusting
173
Requisition
An official order laying claim to the use of property or materials “i had to make various requisitions for staff and accommodations” Similar: order, request
174
Incendiary
Of, relating to, or being a weapon (such as a bomb) designed to start fires
175
catechism
A summary of the principle of Christian religion in the form of questions and answers, used for the instruction of Christians
176
Sacrosanct
(Especially of a principle, place, or routine) regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with “The individuals right to work has been upheld as sacrosanct” Similar: sacred, hallowed, respected
177
Aberration
A departure from what is normal, usual, or expected, typically one that is unwelcome “They described the outbreak of violence in the area as an aberration” Similar: anomaly, deviation, divergence
178
Dialectic
The art of investigating or discussing the truth of opinions. A discourse between two or more people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing to establish the truth through reasoned argumentation
179
Uncouth
(Of a person or their appearance) lacking good manners, refinement, or grace “He is unwashed, uncouth, and drunk most of the time” Similar: uncivilized, uncultured, uncultivated
180
Kindred
One’s family and relations; similar in kind; related
181
Dregs
The most worthless part or parts of something “The dregs of society”
182
Gaudy
Extravagantly bright or showy, typically so as to be tasteless
183
Carnal
Relating to physical, especially sexual, needs and activities
184
Queer
Strange, odd “She had a queer feeling that they were being watched” Similar: odd, strange, unusual Denoting or relating to a sexual or gender identity that does not correspond to established ideas of sexuality and gender, especially heterosexual norms
185
Apathy
Lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern “Widespread apathy among students” Similar: indifference
186
Ersatz
(Of a product) made or used as a substitute, typically an inferior one, for something else “Ersatz coffee” Similar: artificial, substitute, imitation
187
Plebeian
(In Ancient Rome) a commoner
188
Denunciation
Public condemnation of someone or something “Denunciation of his reckless methods”
189
Indignant
Feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment “He was indignant at being the object of suspicion” Similar: aggrieved, resentful, affronted
190
Affront
Offend the modesty of values of “She was affronted by his familiarity”
191
Preempt
Take action in order to prevent (an anticipated event) from happening; forestall “The second session will focus on policies to preempted problems” Similar: forestall, prevent
192
Bastion
an institution, place, or person strongly defending or upholding particular principles, attitudes, or activities “The last bastion of male privilege” Similar: stronghold, bulwark, defender
193
Constitution
A body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed
194
Conscience
An inner feeling or voice viewed as acting as a guide to the rightness or wrongness of one’s behavior
195
Indignation
Anger or annoyance provoked by what is perceived as unfair treatment. Similar: resentment, umbrage, affront
196
Umbrage
Offense or annoyance
197
At loggerheads
In or into a state of quarrelsome disagreement
198
Besmirch
Damage the reputation of (someone of something) in the opinion of others.
199
Mirth
Amusement, especially as expressed in laughter Similar: merriment, high spirits
200
Precept
A general rule intended to regulate behavior or thought
201
Vapid
Offering nothing that is stimulating or challenging “Tuneful but vapid musical comedies” Similar: insipid, uninspired, colorless
202
Insipid
Lacking flavor
203
Coy
(Especially with reference to women) making a pretense of shyness or modesty that is intended to be alluring
204
Centripetal
Moving or tending to move toward a center
205
Allegory
A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one “Pilgrim’s Progress is an allegory of the spiritual journey” Similar: parable, analogy, metaphor
206
Parable
A simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson “The parable of the blind man and the elephant”
207
Codger
An often mildly eccentric and usually elderly fellow
208
Erudite
Having or showing great knowledge or learning
209
Algonquin round table
A group of New York City writers, critics, actors, and wits. Meeting at the Algonquin hotel for lunch from 1919-1929 where they collaborated collectively. They engaged in wisecracks, wordplay, and witticisms.
210
Surrealism
A 20th century avant-garde movement in art and literature which sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind
211
Time immemorial
Used to refer to a point of time in the past that was so long ago that people have no knowledge or memory of it
212
Theist
A person who believes in the existence of a god or gods, specifically of a creator who intervenes in the universe.
213
Imminently
Very soon “An announcement is expected imminently”
214
Dissatisfied
Not content or happy with something “Dissatisfied customers”
215
Anticipate
Regard as probable; expect to predict “She anticipated scorn on her return to the theater” Guess or be aware of (what will happen) and take action in order to be prepared “Analysts and economists failed to anticipate how badly the economy would preform”
216
and/or
Either or both of two stated possibilities “Audio and/or video components”
217
Cliche
A phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought “The old cliche “one man’s meat is another man’s poison”
218
Representative
Typical of a class, group, or body of opinion “These courses are representative of those taken by most Harvard undergraduates” Similar: typical, characteristic, illustrative, indicative
219
Patience
The capacity to accept or tolerate delay, trouble, or suffering without getting angry or upset. “You can find bargains in you have the patience to sift through the dross” Similar: forbearance, tolerance, restraint
220
Dross
Something regarded as worthless; rubbish’ Similar: debris, trash, rubbish
221
Anecdotal
(Of an account) not necessarily true or reliable, because based on personal accounts rather than facts or research. “While there was much anecdotal evidence there was little hard fact” Similar: informal, unreliable,
222
Wonderment
A state of awed admiration or respect “Corbett shook his head in silent wonderment”
223
Retinue
A group of advisers, assistants, or others accompanying an important person “The rock star’s retinue of security guards and personal cooks” Similar: entourage, escort, company,
224
Conjure
Call upon (a spirit or ghost) to appear, by means of a magic ritual. “They hoped to conjure up the spirit of the their dead friend”
225
Pedant
A person who is excessively concerned with minor details and rules or with displaying academic learning. Similar: purist, formalist,
226
Parsimony
Extreme unwillingness to spend money or use resources “He had a reputation for parsimony in his lifetime but left several charitable bequests in his will” Similar: meanness, miserliness
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Scruples
A feeling of doubt or hesitation with regard to the morality or propriety of a course of action. “I had no scruples about eavesdropping” Similar: qualms, compunction, hesitation
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Qualm
An uneasy feeling or doubt, worry, or fear, especially about one’s own conduct; a misgiving “Military regimes generally have no qualms about controlling the press” Similar: misgiving, doubt, reservation
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Lest
With the intention of preventing (something undesirable); to avoid the risk of. “He spent whole days in his room, headphones on lest he disturb anyone”
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Turbulent
Characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion; not controlled or calm “The country’s turbulent 20-year history” Similar: tempestuous, stormy, unstable, unsettled
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Preclude
Prevent from happening; make impossible “The secret nature of his work precluded official recognition” Similar: prevent, rule out
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Contend
Assert something as a position in an argument “He contends that the judge was wrong”
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Untenable
(Especially of a position or view) not able to be maintained or defended against attack or objection “This argument is clearly untenable” Similar: indefensible, unarguable, insupportable
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Intractable
hard to control or deal with “Intractable economic problems” Similar: unmanageable, uncontrollable,
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Despondent
In low spirits from loss of hope or courage “She grew more and more despondent” Similar: disheartened, discouraged, dispirited
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Presuppose
(Of an action, process, or argument) require as a precondition of possibility or coherence “His relationship did not permit the degree of self-revelation that true intimacy presupposes” Similar: require, necessitate, imply, entail,
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Synopsis
A brief summary or general survey of something “A synopsis if the accident” Similar: summary, abstract, outline
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Recalcitrant
Having an obstinately uncooperative attitude toward authority or discipline
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Insolent
Showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect “She hated the insolent tone of his voice” Similar: impertinent, impudent
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Allegory
A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one. “Pilgrims Progress is an allegory of the spiritual journey” Similar: parable, analogy, metaphor
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Unfathomable
incapable of being fully explored or understood “Her gray eyes were dark with some unfathomable emotion” Similar: inscrutable, incomprehensible, enigmatic, incalculable, indecipherable
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Peculiar
Strange or odd; unusual “His accent was a peculiar mixture of Cockney and Irish” Similar: strange, unusual, odd
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Ingenious
(Of a person) clever, original, and inventive “He was ingenious enough to overcome the limited budget” Similar: inventive, creative, imaginative, original
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Subvert
Undermine the power and authority of (an established system or institution) “The case involved an attempt to subvert the rule of law” Similar: destabilize, unsettle, overthrow
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Incongruous
Not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings or other aspects of something “The duffel coat looked incongruous with the black dress she wore underneath” Similar: out of place, out of keeping, unsuited
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Advantageous
Involving or creating favorable circumstances that increase the chances of success or effectiveness; beneficial “The scheme is advantageous to your company” Similar: superior, dominant, important
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Inimical
Tending to obstruct or harm “Actions inimical to our interest” Similar: harmful, injurious, detrimental, deleterious
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Doctrine
A belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a church, political party, or other group “The doctrine of predestination” Similar: creed, credo, dogma
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Dogma
A principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as inconvertibly ture “The rejection of political dogma” Similar: conviction, tenet, principle
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Antiquity
The ancient past, especially the period before the Middle Ages “The great civilization of antiquity”
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Stultifying
Tending to stifle enthusiasm, initiative, or freedom of action “The corporate environment, with its relentless emphasis on results, has become stultifying”
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Gift economy
A gift economy is a system of exchange where vulnerable are not sold, but rather given without an explicit agreement for immediate or future rewards
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Averse
having a strong dislike of or opposition to something “As a former CIA director, he is not averse to secrecy” Similar: opposed to, against
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Bastion
An institution, place, or person strongly defending or upholding particular principles, attitudes, or activities “The last bastion of male privilege” Similar: stronghold, bulwark, defender
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Affinity
A spontaneous or natural liking or sympathy for someone or something “He has an affinity for the music of Berlioz” Similar: empathy, rapport, sympathy
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Subsist
Maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level “Thousands of refugees subsist on international handouts” Similar: survive, live, exist
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Voracious
Having a very eager approach to an activity “His voracious reading of literature”
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Compelling
Evoking interest, attention, or admiration in a powerfully irresistible way “His eyes were strangely compelling” Similar: enthralling, captivating, gripping,
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Systems of oppression
Racial, economic, class-based, gender, religious, authoritarian, social oppression in general can intersect in many different ways and co-exist.
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Evolve
Develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form “The company has evolved into a major chemical manufacturer” Similar: develop, progress
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Unassuming
Not pretentious or arrogant; modest “He was an unassuming and kindly man” Similar: modest, self-effacing, humble
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Concede
admit that something is true or valid after first denying or resisting it Admit (defeat) in a contest
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Impermissible
Too bad to be allowed “The prosecution made impermissible use of the testimony”
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Aspiration
A hope or ambition of achieving something “He had nothing tangible to back up his literary ambitions” Similar: desire, hope, longing
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Endeavor
try hard to do or achieve something “He is endeavoring to help the Third World” Similar: try, attempt, venture, undertake
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Reason
think, understand, and form judgments by a process of logic. "humans do not reason entirely from facts" Similar: think rationally, think logically
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encomium
a speech or piece of writing that praises someone of something highly. Similar: eulogy, panegyric, paean
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dialectic
the art of investigating or discussing the truth of opinions Similar: reasoning, argumentation, contention
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opacity
obscurity of meaning Similar: obscurity
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Colonialism
is a practice by which a country controls people or areas, often by establishing colonies, generally for strategic and economic advancement.
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Imperialism
is the practice, theory or attitude of maintaining or extending power power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing not only hard power (economic and military power), but also soft power (cultural and diplomatic power). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more or less formal empire.
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Postcoloialism
the critical academic study of the cultural, political and economic legacy of colonialism and imperialism, focusing on the impact of human control and exploitation of colonized people and their lands.
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Algerian War
The Algerian War was a major armed conflict between France and the Algerian Liberation Front from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria winning its independence from France. An important decolonization war.
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Colonialism v. Imperialism
Colonialism is where one country physically exerts complete control over another country and Imperialism is formal or informal economic and political domination of one country over the other. In an nutshell, colonialism can be thought of as the practice of domination and imperialism as an idea behind the practice.
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Technocracy
A form of government in which the decision-makers are selected based on their expertise in a given area of responsibility, particularly with regard to scientific or technical knowledge. This system explicitly contrasts with representative democracy, the notion that elected representatives should be the primary decision-makers in government.
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Retinue
a group of advisers, assistants, or others accompanying an important person. "the rock star's retinue of security guards" Similar: entourage, company
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Pretense
An attempt to make something that is not the case appear true. Similar: "putting on an act"
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Asperity
harshness of tone or manner "he pointed this out with some asperity" Similar: harshness, sharpness, roughness
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Approbation
Approval or praise "the opera met with high approbation" Similar: approval, acceptance, endorsement
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Austere
Severe or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance. "an austere man, with a rigidly puritanical outlook" Similar: severe, stern, strict
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Austerity (Economics)
A set of economic policies, usually consisting of tax increases, spending cuts, or a combination of the two, used by governments to reduce budget deficits (when money going out, spending, exceeds money coming in, revenue).
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Vacillate
alternate or waver between different opinions or actions; be indecisive. "I had for a time vacillated between teaching and journalism" Similar: dither, be indecisive
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Imperious
assuming power or authority without justification; arrogant and domineering "his imperious demands" Similar: peremptory, domineering, assertive
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Peremptory
(especially of a person's manner or actions) insisting on immediate attention or obedience, especially in a brusquely imperious way. ""just do it!" came the peremptory reply"
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Evanescent
soon passing out of sight, memory, or existence; quickly fading or disappearing "a shimmering evanescent bubble" Similar: vanishing, fading, evaporating
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indolence
avoidance of activity or exertion; laziness "my failure is probably due to my own indolence" Similar: laziness, idleness, sloth
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Unerring
always right or accurate "an unerring sense of direction" Similar: unfailing, infallible, perfect
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Infallible
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong "doctors are not infallible"
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Ethereal
extremely delicate and light in a way that seems to perfect for this world "her ethereal beauty" Similar: delicate, exquisite, elegant
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Reverence
deep respect for someone or something "rituals showed honor and reverence for the dead" Similar: high regard, great respect
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Piety
the quality of being religious or reverent "acts of piety and charity" Similar: devoutness, devotion, piousness
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Pater familias
pater familias was the oldest living male in a household, and could legally exercise autocratic authority over his extended family.
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ephemeral
lasting for a very short time "fashions are ephemeral" Similar: transitory, transient, fleeting, passing
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immutable
unchanging over time or unable to be changed "an immutable fact" Similar: unchangeable, fixed, set, rigid
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dissolution
the closing down or dismissal of an assembly, partnership, or official body "the dissolution of their marriage" Similar: cessation, conclusion debauched living; dissipation "an advanced state of dissolution" Similar: debauchery, decadence
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decadence
moral or cultural decline as characterized by excessive indulgence in pleasure or luxury "he denounced Western decadence" Similar: dissipation,
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dissipation
dissipated living "a descent into drunkenness and sexual dissipation" The squandering of money, energy, or resources
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sojurn
a temporary state; stay somewhere temporarily "her sojourn in Rome" Similar: stay, visit, stop
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resplendent
attractive and impressive through being richly colorful or sumptuous "she was resplendent in a sea-green dress" Similar: splendid, magnificent, brilliant
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effusive
expressing feelings of gratitude, pleasure, or approval in an unrestrained or heartfelt manner. "an effusive welcome" Similar: gushing, unrestrained, unreserved
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impunity
exemption from punishment or freedom from the injurious consequences of an action "the impunity enjoyed by military officers implicated in civilian killings" Similar: immunity, indemnity
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overt
done or shown openly; plainly or readily apparent, not secret or hidden "an overt act of aggression" Similar: undisguised, unconcealed
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farce
a comic dramatic work using buffoonery and horseplay and typically including crude characterization and ludicrously improbable situations.
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Sham
a thing that is not what it is purported to be "the proposed legislation is a farce and a sham" Similar: pretense, fake, fiction
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quotidian
of or occurring every day; daily "the car sped noisily off through the quotidian traffic" Similar: daily, everyday
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indelible
not able to be forgotten or removed "his story made an indelible impression on me" Similar: ineradicable, ineffaceable
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ineffaceable
unable to be erased or forgotten "the experience made an ineffaceable impression on his mind"
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Capacious
having a lot of space inside; roomy Similar: roomy, commodious, spacious
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inexorable
impossible to stop or prevent "the seemingly inexorable march on new technology" Similar: relentless, unstoppable, unavoidable
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vitriol
cruel and bitter criticism "her mother's sudden gush of fury and vitriol"
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tawdry
showy but cheap and of poor quality "tawdry jewelry"
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extant
(especially of a document) still in existence; surviving "the original manuscript is no longer extant" Similar: in existence, still existing
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quixotic
exceedingly idealistic; unrealistic and impractical. "a vast and perhaps quixotic project" Similar: idealistic unbusinesslike romantic extravagant
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gad·fly
an annoying person, especially one who provokes others into action by criticism. "always a gadfly, he attacked intellectual orthodoxies"
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fealty
a feudal tenant's or vassal's sworn loyalty to a lord. "they owed fealty to the Earl rather than the King" formal acknowledgement of loyalty to a lord. "a property for which she did fealty"
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deftly
in a way that is neatly skillful and quick in movement. "her fingers moved deftly, quickly parting the grass" in a clever way. "he has deftly handled the flak he's received"
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bereft
deprived of or lacking (something). "her room was stark and bereft of color" Similar: deprived of robbed of stripped of denuded of
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jaundiced
having or affected by jaundice, in particular unnaturally yellow in complexion. affected by bitterness, resentment, or envy. "they looked on politicians with a jaundiced eye" Similar: bitter resentful cynical soured distorted
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idle
(of a person) avoiding work; lazy. "idle students" Similar: lazy indolent slothful work-shy without purpose or effect; pointless. "he did not want to waste valuable time in idle chatter" Similar: frivolous trivial trifling minor
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Serendipity
the occurrence and development of events by chance in a happy or beneficial way "a fortunate stroke of serendipity" Similar: chance; happy chance; accident
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equanimity
mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, especially in a difficult situation. "she accepted both the good and the bad with equanimity" Similar: composure, calmness, calm, level-headedness
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dirigiste; dirigisme
economic planning and control by the state. An economic doctrine in which the state plays a strong directive (policies) role, contrary to a merely regulatory interventionist role over a market economy.
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pride of place
the most prominent or important position among a group of things. "the certificate has pride of place on my wall"
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redolent
strongly reminiscent or suggestive of. "names redolent of history and tradition" Similar: evocative; suggestive; reminiscent
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Evocative
bringing strong images, memories, or feelings to mind "powerfully evocative lyrics." Similar: reminiscent; suggestive; redolent
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depredation
an act of attacking or plundering. "protecting grain from the depredations of rats and mice" Similar: plundering; plunder; looting; pillaging
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generative
relating to or capable of production and reproduction. "the female reproductive system and its generative cycles."
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assail
make a concerted or violent attack on. "the Scots army assailed Edward's army from the rear" Similar: attack; assault (of an unpleasant feeling or physical sensation) come upon (someone) suddenly and strongly "she was assailed by doubts and regrets Similar: trouble; disturb; worry; plague criticize someone strongly Similar: criticize; censure; attack; condemn
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venal
showing or motivated by susceptibility to bribery "their generosity had been at least partly venal" Similar: corrupt; corruptible; bribable; open to bribary
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penitence
the action of feeling or showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong; repentance "a public display of penitence" Similar: repentance; contrition; compunction; regret
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explicate
analyze and develop (an idea or principle) in detail "attempting to explicate the relationship between crime and economic forces" Similar: explain; explain in detail; make explicit; clarify
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moribund
(of a person) at the point of death "on examination she was moribund and dehydrated" Similar: dying; expiring; on one's deathbed
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Convalescence
time spent recovering from an illness or medical treatment; recuperation "a period of convalescence" Similar: recuperation; recovery; return to health
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sanguine
optimistic or positive, especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation "he is sanguine about prospects for the global economy" Similar: optimistic; bullish; hopeful; buoyant
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paroxysm
a sudden attack or violent expression of a particular emotion or activity "a paroxysm of weeping" Similar: spasm; attack;
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admonished
warn or reprimand someone firmly "she admonished me for appearing at breakfast unshaven" Similar: reprimand; rebuke; scold; reprove; upbraid
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sycophant
a person who acts obsequiously toward someone important in order to gain advantage "because he is high-ranking, he's surrounded by sycophants" Similar: toady; creep; fawner; flatterer
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obsequious
obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree "they were served by obsequious waiters" Similar: servile; ingratiating; unctuous
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ingratiating
intended to gain approval or favor
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propitious
giving or indicating a good chance or success; favorable "the timing for such a meeting seemed propitious" Similar: favorable; auspicious; promising;
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Contextualize
place or study in context. "the book contextualizes Melville's short fiction and poetry"
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Protagonist
the leading character or one of the major characters in a drama, movie, novel, or other fictional text. the main figure or one of the most prominent figures in a real situation. "in this colonial struggle, the main protagonists were Great Britain and France" Similar: chief character principal hero/heroine leading man/lady title role
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Antagonist
a person who actively opposes or is hostile to someone or something; an adversary. "he turned to confront his antagonist" Similar: adversary opponent enemy foe nemesis rival competitor
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Objection
an expression or feeling of disapproval or opposition; a reason for disagreeing. "they have raised no objections to the latest plans" Similar: protest protestation demur demurrer remonstrance
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Futile
incapable of producing any useful result; pointless. "a futile attempt to keep fans from mounting the stage" Similar: fruitless vain pointless useless worthless ineffectual
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Inherently
in a permanent, essential, or characteristic way. "the work is inherently dangerous"
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