words for eye quiz Flashcards
(181 cards)
1
Q
purulent discharge
A
bacterial or gonococcal conjunctivitis
2
Q
watery discharge
A
viral conjunctivitis
could also be viral keratitis
3
Q
MC infectious cause of blindness
A
chlamydia trichamona conjunctivitis
4
Q
stringy discharge
A
allergic conjunctivitis
5
Q
hyperemia and chemosis
A
allergic conjunctivitis
6
Q
cobblestone papillae on PE
A
allergic conjunctivitis
7
Q
indolent with blurred vision… recurrent
A
granulomatous anterior uveitis
8
Q
mainly histocytes and macrophages
A
granulomatous anterior uveitis
9
Q
presents with iris nodules and large KPs
A
granulomatous anterior uveitis
10
Q
presents with hypopyon
A
gran or non gran anterior uveitis
or
bacterial keratitis
or
corneal ulcer caused by GAS or staph
11
Q
treatment with pupillary dilation
A
gran or non gran anterior uveitis
12
Q
polymorphonuclear cells
A
non granulomatous uveitis anterior
13
Q
no iris nodules and smaller KPs
A
non granulomatous uveitis anterior
14
Q
unilateral pain with photophobia, vision loss, and redness
A
non granulomatous uveitis anterior
15
Q
caused by ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, psoriasis, chrons disease
A
non granulomatous uveitis anterior
or
uveitis posterior
16
Q
caused by juvenile idiopathic arthritis
A
non granulomatous uveitis anterior
or
uveitis posterior
17
Q
could be caused by vasculitis or pars planitis
A
posterior uveitis
18
Q
gradual vision loss due to opacities (lesions) with floaters present
A
posterior uveitis
19
Q
treated w steroids and NO pupillary dialtion
A
posterior uveitis
20
Q
hazy w/ulcer and adjacent stromal abscess
A
bacterial keratitis
21
Q
dendritic lesion of corneal ulcer
A
viral keratitis specifically HSV
corneal ulcer caused by HSV
22
Q
treat with acyclovir or valcyclovir
A
viral keratitis (HSV or HZV)
23
Q
corneal infiltrate with feathery edges and satellite lesions
A
fungal keratitis
fungal corneal ulcer shows feathery edges with terminal bulbs at the ends. no satellite lesions
24
Q
treat with natamycin
A
viral keratitis
25
treat with topical antiseptics
acanthamoeba keratitis
26
severe pain with stromal infiltrates
acanthamoeba keratitis
27
treat with amphotericin
fungal keratitis or fungal corneal ulcer
28
treat with voriconazole
fungal keratitis
29
travels to sensory ganglia
viral keratitis (HSV specifically)
30
can involve trigeminal nerve
viral keratitis (HZV specifically)
31
treat with mast cell stabilizers
allergic conjunctivitis
32
can be caused by anticoagulants
subconjunctival hemorrhage
33
self limiting
subconjunctival hemorrhage
or
chalazion
34
temporal/upper eyelid
dacryoadenitis
35
inferomedial or nasal aspect of eye
dacryocystitis
36
caused by mumps
dacrypoadenitis
37
caused by sjogrens
dacryoadenitis
38
epiphora
dacryocystitis
39
seborrheic
blepharitis anterior type that presents as itchy rash w flaky scales
40
scales in the eyelashes
anterior blepharitis
41
meibomian glands
blepharitis posterior
42
primary glandular dysfunction
blepharitis posterior
43
telangiectasia
posterior blepharitis
44
frothy/greasy tears
posterior blepharitis
45
stye
external hordeolum
46
hordeolum treatment
warm compress, incision/drainage
47
non-tender, hard rubbery nodule on inner conjunctiva
chalazion
48
MC from acute sinusitis through ethmoid boens
orbital cellulitis
49
proptosis present
orbital cellulitis
50
fever and leukocytosis
orbital cellulitis
51
treatment for orbital cellulitis
IV vanc + ceftriaxone or cefotaxime
if anaerobic add metro or clinda (levo if PCN allergy)
if trauma use cefazolin or ceftriaxone
after these treatments use bactrim + augmentin (fluoroquinolone w/penicillin allergy)
52
no proptosis
preseptal/periorbital cellulitis
53
swelling/erythema to superficial orbital septum
preseptal/periorbital cellulitis
54
treatment for preseptal/periorbital cellulitis
oral Abx:
augmentin (cefdinir if PCN allergy)
+
Bactrim (clinda if sulfa allergy)
if not improvement in 24-48 hrs, move patient to IP
55
ciliary flush
indicative of corneal ulcer or abrasion
56
gray/yellow infiltrates and blue-ish green exudates
corneal ulcer caused by psuedomonas
57
severe pain with corneal perforation
corneal ulcer caused by pseudomonas
58
moxi, cipro, tobra, genta, gati
pseudomonas corneal ulcer
59
surrounding stroma infiltrated and edematous with hypopyon
corneal ulcer caused by group A strep
60
moxi, gati, cefazolin
Corneal ulcer caused by Group A strep
61
Corneal infiltrates with firm bed and hypopyon
corneal ulcer caused by staph
62
moxi, gati, cefazolin, Vanc
corneal ulcer caused by staph
63
indolent gray infiltrates w/ irregular edges
corneal ulcers caused by fungus
64
voriconazole, amphotercin B, posaconazole
corneal ulcer causd by fungus
65
teary, photophobia, irritation, reduced vision, corneal blindness
corneal ulcer caused by herpes simplex virus
66
acyclovir, idoxuridine, ganciclovir
corneal ulcer caused by HSV
67
treatment for entropion
botox temporary
surgery if lashes begin to rub on cornea
68
treatment for ectropion
surgery if excessive tearing, exposure keratitis, or cosmetic problems
69
this can be caused by stress and fatigue
blepharospasm
70
decreased caffiene can help this
blepharospasm
71
dysgenesis of levator palpebrae superioris
congenital cause of ptosis
72
causes include trauma, eye surgery, contact lens wearers
acquired causes of ptosis
73
causes include stretching eyelid skin and subcutaneous fat
mechanical cause of ptosis
74
stretching of tendon in eye
aponeurotic cause of ptosis
75
horner's syndrome, myasthenia gravis, third nerve palsy
neurological causes of ptosis.
76
non surgical treatment for ptosis
oxymetazoline eye drops or alpha adrenergic receptor agonist.
77
marginal reflex distance
used to measure ptosis
2mm = mild
3mm = moderate
4mm = severe
78
prolonged exposure to wind, sun, sand, and dust
pterygium
79
triangular encroachment of conjunctiva to cornea
pterygium
80
artificial tears, NSAIDS, weak corticosteroirds
treatment for pterygium
81
pt lives in west texas, recently experienced a bad dust storm.... in which he worked.... cuz texans are crazy
pinguecula
82
yellowish-orange raised conjunctival lesions
pinguecula
83
keratoconjunctivitis sicca
dry eye
84
vitamin A deficiency
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)
85
lip surface abnormalities or epitheleal abnormalities
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)
86
systemic or ocular medications can lead to this
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)
87
diseases associated with tear film components lead to this
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)
88
ophthalmic surgery
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)
89
artificial tears and ointment
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)
90
cylosporine
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) treatment. not first line
91
punctal plugs
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) used to plug drainage of tears to keep them from draining into ducts
92
slit lamp exam for keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)
absence of tears in meniscus at lower lid margain. thickened. hyperemic bulbar conjunctiva
93
slit lamp exam shows absence of tears in meniscus at lower lid margain. thickened. hyperemic bulbar conjunctiva
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)
94
fluorescien staining examins:
epithelial defecrts
95
rose bengal staining examins
corneal + conjunctival epithelial cell defects
96
lissamine green staining examins
corneal + conjunctival epithelial cell defects
97
schirmers test
tear production, used for dry eye
98
tear break up time
measures mucin (dry eye test)
99
gradual bilateral blurriness w glare at night and w bright lights.
cataracts
100
opacity of crytalline lens
cataracts
101
loss of central vision bilaterally
macular degeneration
102
no exudates w retinal drusen
atrophic (dry) macular degeneration
103
exudates present with new vessels grown between retina and bruch's membrane
neovascular (wet) macular degeneration
104
hard, yellow retinal deposits
retinal drusen, indicative of atrophic (dry) macular degeneration
105
VEGF inhibitors
neovascular (wet) macular degeneration
106
stop smoking, increase vit C, copper, zinc, carotinoids
macular degeneration
107
increased risk w white, female, FMHx, HTN, HLD, smoking
macular degeneration
108
hemorrhages and blotches w rapid vision loss
neovascular (wet) macular degeneration
109
lens located too far forward and resist against iris
primary angle closure glaucoma
110
ciliary body pushes forward or iris deforms and retracts into trabecular meshwork
secondary angle closure glaucoma
111
asian, FMHx, female, hyperopia
risks for narrow/acute angle closure glaucoma
112
mild dilated pupil with poor light reaction. conjunctival redness present
narrow/acute angle closure glaucoma
113
halos around lights
narrow/acute angle closure glaucoma
114
corneal edema or cloudiness (red steamy cornea)
narrow/acute angle closure glaucoma
115
1st line acetazolamide
narrow/acute angle closure glaucoma
could technically be open angle as well
116
pilocarpine
can be used first line for narrow angle closure glaucoma once IOP drops below 50
117
antiemetic, analgesic
used in emergent situations alongside acetozolamide and pilocarpine and supine placement for narrow/acute angle closure glaucoma
118
gonioscopy
narrow/acute angle closure glaucoma
119
indention gonioscopy
check for narrow/acute angle closure glaucoma to see if completely closed or for scarring
120
degeneration and slow trabecular network
open angle/chronic glaucoma.
121
cupping causing loss of ganglion axons
open angle/chronic glaucoma.
122
progressive peripheral vision loss leading to central vision loss
open angle/chronic glaucoma.
123
Hypothyroidism, age, white/black, HTN, DM, CVD,
risk increases for open angle/chronic glaucoma.
124
prostaglandins
open angle/chronic glaucoma.
125
beta blockers aka timolol
open angle/chronic glaucoma.
126
alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist (apraclonidine)
open angle/chronic glaucoma.
could also theoretically treat ptosis
127
visual field testing
open angle/chronic glaucoma.
128
schiotz tonometry GREATER than 40
open angle/chronic glaucoma.
129
interferes with cAMP
timolol
130
iris dilation
alpha 2 andrenergic agonsit (apraclonidine)
131
pupil constriction med
cholinergic agonist (pilocarpine)
132
med to decreased aqueous humor production
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (acetazolamide)
133
1st line bacitracin-polymyxin drops
corneal abrasion
could also be used for corneal foreign body or anterior blepharitis
134
non first line treatment for corneal abrasion
proparacaine, tetracaine,
short acting cycloplegic: cyclopentolate or homatropine
NSAID eye drop: diclofenac
135
morgan lens
irigation of an alkaline or acidic burn. goal is to reach eye pH of 7
136
cyclopenate
corneal abrasion, chemical keratitis, UV keratitis
137
binocular patching
UV keratitis
138
punctate keratitis showing up as speckles on fluorescein stain
UV keratitis
139
saline flush, sterile eye spud, small 25 gauge needle
corneal foreign body removal
140
anterior chamber vascular disruption
hyphema
141
supine position w head at 45 degree angle w eye shield
hyphema
142
NO NSAIDS or aspirin
hyphema
143
MC bone break in orbital blow out
maxillary
144
palpable crepitus due to collection of air in sinuses
orbital blowout fracture
145
enophthalmos
orbital blowout fracture
146
RESTRICTION of upper gaze
orbital blowout fracture
147
ipsilateral anesthesia from damage to V2 of trigeminal nerve
orbital blowout fracture
148
systemic abx and systemic steroids for swelling
orbital blowout fracture
149
CT scan
orbital cellulitis or orbital blowout fracture
150
inferior wall orbital blowout effects
maxillary sinus
151
medial wall orbital blowout effects
ethmoid sinus
152
teardrop pupil
ruptured globe or penetrating trauma
153
subconjunctival hemorrhage, hyphema, bloody chemosis and one more key symptom that is not listed.
ruptured globe or penetrating trauma
key symptom is teardrop pupil
154
supine w head at 45*, eye shield, vanc + ceftazideme
ruptured globe or penetrating trauma
155
amaurosis fugax as a symptom
CRAO, CRVOi think someone plz help me find these
156
sudden painless monocular loss vision and cherry red spot at fovea
CRAO
157
"box car" segmentation of veins or arteries
CRAO
158
RAPD
CRAO, optic neuritis
159
obtaining labs including ESR and CRP to rule out giant cell arthritis as a cause.
CRAO
160
supine with occular massage and high flow O2
CRAO
161
IV acetazolamide or mannitol
CRAO
162
when do you use corticosteroids to treat CRAO
when the cause is giant cell arteritis
163
considered a form of stroke
CRAO
164
Giant cell arteritis, HLD, HTN, DM
CRAO
165
sudden acute painless monocular vision loss with blood and fluid leakage. also see macular edema and neovascularization
CRVO
166
presents with Optic disc edema, retinal hemorrhages, macular edema, and neurovascularization
CRVO
167
Anti-VEGF as 1st line
CRVO
168
intravitreal corticosteroids 2nd line
CRVO
169
laser photocoagulation
retinal detachment and CRVO
170
PE shows cotton wool spots, venous dilation and tortuosity, retinal hemorrhages, and optic disc swelling
CRVO
171
posterior vitreous detachment
retinal detachment
172
photopsia
Retinal detachment
173
monocular decreased vision w central vision intact. floaters and eye pain present. exam shows elevated retina
retinal detachment
174
PE shows retinal elevated with irregular surface and multiple tears or holes
retinal detachment
175
demyelinating diseases, MS, Sarcoidosis, V Zoster, SLE, meningitis, paranasal sinusitis
optic neuritis
176
subacute unilateral central vision loss with pain behind the eye and with EOM. loss of color vision and perception
optic neuritis
177
IV methylprednisoolone then taper to prednisone
optic neuritis
178
optic disc swelling from increased ICP
papilledema
179
disc margains blurred
papilledema
180
flame shaped hemorrhages
papilledema
181
DONT DO LP
papilledema
