workbook 3 Flashcards
(34 cards)
what is a mole
a measurement of particles
what is the unit for a mole
mol
how many sig fig do we round to?
3
law of conservation of mass
during a chemical equation, the mass of reactants has to be the same as the mass of products
do moles have to be equal on either side of a chemical equation?
no
what is molar mass
the mass of one mol of a substance
what is the unit for molar mass?
g mol -1
what is the formula for the relationship between moles and mass
n = m/M
writing chemical equations
Reactants —> products
Balance the equation
Mark the physical state of each species
what is the kinetic theory of gasses
all gases are made up of particles of matter in a state of constant motion
what are the properties of gas in the kinetic theory
can be compressed easily
Can be liquified or even solidified
Occupy the whole volume of their container
what are the assumptions made based on the kinetic theory
Gases (excluding noble) contain molecules
The average distance between each molecule of gas is very large compared to the sixe of each molecule
The molecule moves in a rapid, random, straight-lined motion which results in collisions with each other and the sides of the container.
what 3 physical properties of gases does the kinetic theory explain?
- the diffusion of gases
- the compressibility of gases
- the pressure in a sealed container
how does the kinetic theory explain the diffusion of gases
(such as perfume is spilt) occurs because of the constant motion of the particles and the gases will continue to move in all directions until stopped by the edge of the container
how does the kinetic theory explain the compressibility of gases
large spacing in between each molecule means most of the space that the gas occupies is empty
how does the kinetic theory explain the pressure in a sealed container
pressure is a result of the rate of collisions with the side of the container. If volume and kinetic energy remain constant, then the collision rate remains constant as well.
energy in matter can be stores in 2 different ways:
kinetic and potential
what is chemical potential energy
energy due to position (how far apart they are)
what is chemical potential energy in solids
low potential energy because particles are close together
what is chemical potential energy in gases
high potential energy because particles are far apart
what is chemical potential energy is liquids
medium potential energy
what is kinetic energy
energy due to motion
what is heat
the transfer of heat from a hotter object to a cooler object until a thermal equilibrium is reached
what is temperature
the measure of average kinetic energy of particles
