Workflow Orchestration

Question 1

Types of Orchestration

Answer 1

§ Resource Orchestration
§ Workload Orchestration
§ Service Orchestration

Question 2

CI/CD Stages

Answer 2

o Development
o Testing/Integration
o Staging
o Production

Question 3

Continuous Integration

Answer 3

§ A software development method where code updates are tested and committed to a development or build server/code repository rapidly
§ Continuous integration can test and commit updates multiple times per day
§ Continuous integration detects and resolves development conflicts early and often

Question 4

Continuous Delivery

Answer 4

A software development method where application and platform requirements are frequently tested and validated for immediate availability

Question 5

Continuous Deployment

Answer 5

§ A software development method where application and platform updates are committed to production rapidly
§ Continuous delivery focuses on automated testing of code in order to get it ready for release
§ Continuous deployment focuses on automated testing and release of code in order to get it into the production environment more quickly

Question 6

DevSecOps

Answer 6

§ A combination of software development, security operations, and systems operations by integrating each discipline with the others
§ DevSecOps utilizes a shift-left mindset
• Integrate security from the beginning
• Test during and after development
• Automate compliance checks

Question 7

Infrastructure as Code

Answer 7

§ A provisioning architecture in which deployment of resources is performed by scripted automation and orchestration
§ IaC allows for the use of scripted approaches to provisioning infrastructure in the cloud
§ Robust orchestration can lower overall IT costs, speed up deployments, and increase security

Question 8

Snowflake Systems

Answer 8

§ Any system that is different in its configuration compared to a standard template within an infrastructure as code architecture
§ Lack of consistency leads to security issues and inefficiencies in support

Question 9

Idempotence

Answer 9

§ A property of IaC that an automation or orchestration action always produces the same result, regardless of the component’s previous state
§ IaC uses carefully developed and tested scripts and orchestration
runbooks to generate consistent builds

Question 10

Artificial Intelligence

Answer 10

The science of creating machines with the ability to develop problem solving and analysis strategies without significant human direction or intervention

Question 11

Machine Learning

Answer 11

§ A component of AI that enables a machine to develop strategies for solving a task given a labeled dataset where features have been manually identified but without further explicit instructions
§ Machine learning is only as good as the datasets used to train it

Question 12

Artificial Neural Network

Answer 12

§ An architecture of input, hidden, and output layers that can perform algorithmic analysis of a dataset to achieve outcome objectives
§ A machine learning system adjusts its neural network to reduce errors and optimize objectives

Question 13

Deep Learning

Answer 13

§ A refinement of machine learning that enables a machine to develop strategies for solving a task given a labeled dataset and without further explicit instructions
§ Deep learning uses complex classes of knowledge defined in relation to simpler classes of knowledge to make more informed determinations about an environment