Working Conditions

Question 1

How long was the working week in factories?

Answer 1

6 days with 14 hour long days

Question 2

What was the fine if a worker was 10 minutes late to work?

Answer 2

Fined 2 hours of wages

Question 3

What was the fine if a worker was caught talking?

Answer 3

Fined 1 shilling

Question 4

What was the fine if a worker was wasting resources (e.g. fixing machines under a gas lamp)?

Answer 4

2 shillings

Question 5

When was the Davy Safety lamp created for workers in mines?

Answer 5

1815

Question 6

What were the risks of working underground?

Answer 6

Flooding, gas explosions, collapsing shafts etc.

Question 7

Between 1770 and 1850, how much did production in mines increase by?

Answer 7

6 million tonnes to 55 million tonnes

Question 8

How many meters deep were mines in the 18th century?

Answer 8

90m

Question 9

How many meters deep were mines by 1850?

Answer 9

300m

Question 10

How long was a working week in the mines?

Answer 10

12 hours a day - 6 days a week

Question 11

What was the single most frequent source of discontent among the mining community?

Answer 11

That there was no fixed wage

Question 12

What was the usual wage for women?

Answer 12

12-15 shillings per week

Question 13

How much were women paid compared to men?

Answer 13

1/2

Question 14

What work were women made to do?

Answer 14

The work that men didn’t want to do

Question 15

What was the most common work for women?

Answer 15

Being a ‘hurrier’ which involved wearing a chain around their shoulders and hauling carts of coals

Question 16

How much of the working population were under the age of 20?

Answer 16

49%

Question 17

Describe the story of Martha Appleton.

Answer 17

In 1859, Martha Appleton was a 13 year old from Wigan, and she caught her left hand in a working machine which severed her fingers - rather than receiving compensation, she lost her job

Question 18

By 1842, what fraction of the workforce were under the age of 19?

Answer 18

1/3

Question 19

What were the dimensions of a back-to-back house?

Answer 19

4m wide, one room deep with one bedroom upstairs

Question 20

How many bricks deep were back-to-back houses?

Answer 20

3

Question 21

How many windows did back-to-back houses have?

Answer 21

1

Question 22

What caused respiratory problems among the working classes in towns?

Answer 22

The frequent use of candles, oil lamps and smoke pouring from factory chimneys

Question 23

What were courtyards?

Answer 23

Communal areas for washing, toilets and access to properties

Question 24

How much was rent for ‘back houses’?

Answer 24

1s 10d per week

Question 25

How much was rent for 'front houses'?

Answer 25

2s 6d per week

Question 26

What fraction of workers in Birmingham lived in back-to-back housing?

Answer 26

2/3

Question 27

How many back-to-back houses did Nottingham have by 1841?

Answer 27

12,600

Question 28

Where and when was the first major cholera outbreak and how many people died?

Answer 28

The first major cholera outbreak was in 1831, which spread around the country and killed 32,000 within 1 year

Question 29

How much did the population in urban areas increase by every decade?

Answer 29

27%

Question 30

How much did towns with over 2500 people, absorb of the total increase of England's population between 1801-41?

Answer 30

67%

Question 31

When was the Municipal Corporations Act?

Answer 31

1835

Question 32

In Chadwick's 1842 report, how many streets did he inspect in Manchester?

Answer 32

687

Question 33

In Chadwick's 1842 report, how many of the streets that he inspected were unpaved?

Answer 33

248

Question 34

In Chadwick's 1842, how many of the streets that he inspected were ill-ventilated?

Answer 34

112

Question 35

In Chadwicks 1842 report, how many of the streets that he inspected had stagnant pools of effluence or piles of rubbish?

Answer 35

252

Question 36

How many people died from diphtheria and scarlet fever each year?

Answer 36

4000

Question 37

In what years were there 4 major outbreaks of typhoid?

Answer 37

1830-36

Question 38

How many people died from Asiatic cholera in 1832?

Answer 38

52,000

Question 39

How many people died from Asiatic cholera between 1848-49?

Answer 39

70,000

Question 40

How many people died from asiatic cholera between 1853 and 1854?

Answer 40

30,000

Question 41

How many people died from Asiatic cholera in 1866?

Answer 41

18,000

Question 42

What % of children died before their fifth birthday according to Chadwick's report?

Answer 42

57%