Working with Children Final

Question 1

PLay Therapy:

great for children why?

Answer 1

• Allows them to express thoughts/feelings, likes/dislikes, hopes/fears
• Try new solution to problem
• Integral and used in many settings

Question 2

Developmental stages in child’s play:

Answer 2

Sensorimotor-setting the stage-using senses
Imaginative play-pretending, make believe-play alone
sociodramatic play-interacting with someone, express more emotions, reenacting, more realistic
fantasy-a lot of day dreaming, imaginary friends
games-unstructured to structured, more rules

Question 3

Who came up with play therapy?

Answer 3

Virginia Axline-expanded on Roger’s client-centered therapy with adults and applied it to children

Question 4

What were Axlines’ 8 principles?

Answer 4

Warm friendly relationship
Accept as is
Set feeling of permissiveness in relationship so child feels free to express self
Recognize feelings child expresses
Respect their ability to solve own problems
Don’t try to direct child’s actions
Set only limitations that are necessary

Question 5

____ developed therapeutic play groups?

Answer 5

Schiffer

Question 6

What are some advantages of play therapy?

Answer 6

Freedom to make choices
Play brings to light fantasy & unconscious
Familiar to child
Helps establish rapport
Gives child safe place to act out feelings
Can teach social skills

Question 7

Examples of power of play therapy are?

Answer 7

Overcome resistance
Communication
Competence
Creative thinking
Catharsis
Role play
Enhance relationship
Game play
Assessment

Question 8

Special concerns a child may show during play therapy:

Answer 8

Curiosity
Fear/anxiety
Interest in worker
Wanting to know limits of play room

Question 9

Getting ready for play therapy involve what?

Answer 9

Select toys/materials
Toys used for expression
Toys used for creativity
Toys that allow emotional release
Toys for aggressive behavior

Question 10

Basic skills during play therapy:

Answer 10

Use tracing
Restate content
Reflect feeling
Return responsibility to child
Used child’s metaphor
Set limits

Question 11

Approaches with play therapy

Answer 11

group play
prescriptive play
play with families

Question 12

Puppets:

Answer 12

Allow playing out of feelings, reenact, try new behavior, self-esteem, communication
Child choose puppet, tell story using them, when finished ask puppets about it then let child discuss it
What animals could use? What emotions might a child give to a particular animal?
Family hand puppets, finger puppets, animal hand puppets

Question 13

doll play:

Answer 13

Can identify with doll, put feelings onto it, and put conflicts onto doll
Life sized dolls, anatomically correct dolls, stuffed animals

Question 14

Sand Play:

Answer 14

Child able to create scenes, reenact trauma, play out innermost feelings
Child decides what to construct, what figures to use, and how to use them
Sand trays, miniatures (page 236)
Look at what child says during process as well as what says about finished product

Question 15

Game play:

Answer 15

Help child focus attention, work on self-discipline, learn to win & lose
Builds trust, teaches skills, build self-esteem

Question 16

Total Approach involves what?

Answer 16

Relate to therapist—involves setting limits, help child assume responsibility & teach new ways of behaving
Releasing feelings—cause feel safe—relieve tension through play, but not connecting these feelings with the problem
Recreating events—reenact certain events
Reexperiencing certain thoughts/feelings in way that leads to new understanding
Resolving problems by doing something new

Question 17

Who used Bibliotherapy?

Answer 17

Morris-Vann

Question 18

Bibliotherapy is what?

Answer 18

healing through the use of books

Question 19

Bibliotherapy is used where and why?

Answer 19

Used in clinical & educational settings
Educational—used for prevention, give information, strengthen coping skills
Clinical—help child understand/cope with developmental & situational conflicts

Question 20

Why use bibliotherapy?

Answer 20

Uncovers the ‘hidden’—starts discussion
Ct. often able to make connection with protagonist of story and apply to own life
Provides information needed to understand a problem or solve a problem
Realize others have gone through similar issues
FUN way to learn

Question 21

How to use bibliotherapy:

Answer 21

Relationship is essential
Decide whether developmental or situational issues:
-Group or individual
-Choose book
-Know child
-Identify child’s conflict
-Preview literature

Question 22

Discussion of book leads to:

Answer 22

Identification—see self & others in life through book
Catharsis—child can express withheld emotions when see protagonist resolve their conflict
Insight—gain clearer picture which leads to application in life

Question 23

What books can you use?

Answer 23

Short stories
Biographies—be careful
Self-help
Fairy tales
Picture books

Question 24

Who developed art therapy?

Answer 24

Naumburg and Kramer

Question 25

What is Art therapy?

Answer 25

Expressive art therapy attempts to reach clients with various problems through artistic expression of what lies within, and to fulfill the human need for self expression

Question 26

Who benefits?

Answer 26

People of all ages can benefit, however children appear to respond best -as with all therapy, the relationship between the counselor and client is the most important factor.

Question 27

Why is art therapy therapeutic?

Answer 27

- builds relationships - provides an avenue for assessing - lead to diagnosis - promotes self awareness/growth - interpretation of art is important-things will appear to always be different with different people

Question 28

How art therapy progresses as one develops:

Answer 28

``` scribbling stage picture stage human figure stage realistic representation stage naturalistic stage ```

Question 29

How art therapy works:

Answer 29

helps client invent their own world contains a part of their own self-identity its ego-centric may help them to confront negative experiences failures, self-confrontation

Question 30

Expressive art therapy approaches:

Answer 30

``` drawing, painting, sculture sand play, story telling, music finger painting the squiggle drawing game kinetic family drawing game mask making ```

Question 31

Techniques for behavioral approaches:

Answer 31

Positive reinforcement negative reinforcement punishment continuous reinforcement-keep going (nonstop) intermittent reinforcement-(every 4th time)

Question 32

____coined term battered child syndrome

Answer 32

Henry Kempe

Question 33

Types of Abuse

Answer 33

``` Physical Emotional Sexual Physical neglect Emotional neglect ```

Question 34

what may cause child abuse?

Answer 34

``` Abused themselves Unrealistic expectations of child See child as different or disappointing Crisis going on in family No support ```

Question 35

child of alcoholics:

Answer 35

Alcoholic family Parents usually emotionally immature Don’t put child’s needs ahead of their own Family socially isolated Child may feel responsible for parent’s behavior Constant conflict

Question 36

Children of divorce

Answer 36

``` Separation/divorce: Dealing with loss Fear of rejection/abandonment Anger due to loyalty issues Guilt/blame self betrayal ```

Question 37

AIDS

Answer 37

``` Concerns families have when confronted with problems in this area: Parents feel guilt Keep secrets as way of coping Some can’t cope Child feels loss of friendship Effects physically Fear of dying ```

Question 38

Death

Answer 38

Preschoolers—view as temporary & reversible Early elementary-view death as vague and threatening like monsters Preadolescence—realize death is final and all will die

Question 39

Legal Issues:

Answer 39

Inform consent confidentiality Tarasoff Act-duty to warn, if they plan on hurting someone else, we (SW) have to report it with authorities and the others who be hurt