Worksheet chapter 2/ Sections 1-2-3

Question 1

What is the Earth?

Answer 1

A part of our solar system

Question 2

What is the sun?

Answer 2

Solar system’s centre
Ball of burning gases.
109 times wider than earth

Question 3

What does the sun create?

Answer 3

A strong pull of gravity

Question 4

What does the physical force of the sun do?

Answer 4

Keeps the earth and other objects turning

around the sun.

Question 5

How many planets do we have in our solar system?

Answer 5

8 planets

Question 6

The Inner planets:

Answer 6

Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

● Made of solid rock
● Smaller than the outer planets
● Have a solid surface
● Closest to the sun

Question 7

The Outer planets:

Answer 7

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptunes

● Made of Gas
● Bigger than the inner planets
● Don’t have a real surface
● Farest from the sun

Question 8

What does the surface of Mercury look like?

Answer 8

Looks so much like the surface of the moon

Question 9

What do we have on the surface of Venus?

Answer 9

Active volcanoes

Question 10

What do we have on the surface of Mars?

Answer 10

The largest volcano in the solar system: Olympus Mons

Question 11

Is Pluto considered one of the planets in our solar system?

Answer 11

No, it is one of the Dwarf planets

Question 12

What is Pluto?

Answer 12

A ball of ice and rock

Question 13

What are the planets in the solar system that don’t have moons?

Answer 13

Mercury and Venus

Question 14

What are the largest objects in our solar system?

Answer 14

planets

Question 15

What are the forces that occur on the surface and change the earth’s surface?

Answer 15

Wind and Water

Question 16

What are the forces that originate deep in the earth’s interior and change the earth’s surface?

Answer 16

Volcanic eruptions and Earthquakes

Question 17

(first layer of the earth) The crust:

Answer 17

Made of solid rock

Question 18

(second layer of the earth) The mantle:

Answer 18

Made of molten rock (magma)

Question 19

(third layer of the earth) The outer core:

Answer 19

Made of liquid metal

Question 20

(fourth layer of the earth) The inner core:

Answer 20

Made of solid iron

Question 21

What is the continental drift ?

Answer 21

The theory that the continents were once joined

and then slowly drifted apart

Question 22

What do plates do?

Answer 22

● Constantly changing the face of the planet.
● Push up mountains
● Create volcanoes
● Produce earthquakes

Question 23

How do plates move?

Answer 23

So slow, slower than a snail

Question 24

What are the forces of change?

Subduction:

Answer 24

The continental and sea plates converge/smash together to form mountains and volcanoes

Question 25

What are the forces of change? | Accretion:

Answer 25

The sea plate slides under the continental plate forming a | trench (crack)

Question 26

What are the forces of change? | Spreading:

Answer 26

The plates spread/ diverge causing the surface to crack, which lets the magma come out of the surface and turn into lava

Question 27

Faulting

Answer 27

The plates rub against each other with a big force which widely and deeply cracks the surface into so many faults (deep and large cracks) causing a violent earthquake

Question 28

What happens when the plates squeeze the earth's surface ?

Answer 28

The surface curves or folds.

Question 29

Folding

Answer 29

Forms folds or bends, in layers of rock.

Question 30

What are the causes of erosion?

Answer 30

1) Wind 2) Glaciers 3) Water

Question 31

Liquid water

Answer 31

Oceans, lakes and seas

Question 32

Gas/vapor

Answer 32

The atmosphere holds water vapor or gas

Question 33

Solid water

Answer 33

Snow or ice

Question 34

Where do we find salt water?

Answer 34

Oceans and Seas

Question 35

Where do we find freshwater?

Answer 35

Lakes, Rivers and Springs

Question 36

Where does the freshwater come from?

Answer 36

Mainly from rain

Question 37

What are the 4 oceans?

Answer 37

● The Pacific Ocean ● The Atlantic Ocean ● The Indian Ocean ● The Arctic Ocean

Question 38

What is evaporation?

Answer 38

The changing of liquid water into vapor, or gas.

Question 39

What causes evaporation?

Answer 39

The sun’s heat

Question 40

Is the Gulf of Mexico, partially or completely enclosed by land?

Answer 40

Partially enclosed by land

Question 41

Is the Mediterranean sea, partially, completely or almost completely enclosed by land?

Answer 41

Almost completely enclosed by land

Question 42

Desalination

Answer 42

Turn ocean water into freshwater by removing the salt.

Question 43

Where does the groundwater come from?

Answer 43

● Rain ● Melted snow ● Water that drips into the ground from lakes and rivers.

Question 44

What are the important sources of freshwater?

Answer 44

● Aquifers | ● Groundwater

Question 45

What are the aquifers?

Answer 45

An underground porous rock layer (have small holes | that allow air or liquid to pass through ) often soaked with water in the form of streams