World 4

Question 1

signs of infant dehydration (breastfeeding failure)

Answer 1

↑ unconjugated bili
“brick red” urate crystals
↓ Stools

Question 2

hyperbili in dubin johnson

Answer 2

conjugated hyperbili
AR
usually asymptomatic

Question 3

Threshold for phototherapy for bili

Answer 3

bili > 20

Question 4

ecg in hcm

Answer 4

LV hypertrophy

Question 5

Features of benign murmurs

Answer 5

normal kid
early/mid systolic
grade 1 or 2

Question 6

pathologic murmurs

Answer 6

sick kids
harsh, holosystolic
grade 3 +
↑ with valsalva

Question 7

Inspiratory stridor that is worse prone and better supine

Answer 7

Laryngomalacia

Seen on laryngoscopy

Question 8

Most common cause of urinary obstruction in boys

Answer 8

posterior urethral valves

Question 9

What does the measles rash tend to spare

Answer 9

palms and soles

Question 10

Risks of being small for gestational age

Answer 10

hypoxia
polycythemia
hypoglycemia
hypothermia
hypocalcemia

Question 11

Universal lipid screening in kids, ages?

Answer 11

Both at
9-11
17-21

Question 12

Treatment of superficial hemangioma

Answer 12

beta blocker

Question 13

what is postural drainage

Answer 13

getting into positions that will allow mucus to drain from bronchos

Question 14

characterized by alveolar capillary bleeding

manifests as a triad of haemoptysis, diffuse parenchymal infiltrates, and iron deficiency anaemia

Answer 14

Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis

accumulation of haemosiderin in the lungs.

Question 15

rare and life threatening- looks like epiglottis without drooling or dysphagia

several days of viral URI symptoms, followed by an acute ↑temperature and an ↑ respiratory distress.

Answer 15

Bacterial tracheitis

Question 16

Hib vaccine is for

Answer 16

H influenzae type B

Question 17

Morbidity and mortality in epiglottitis

Answer 17

Morbidity and mortality are usually related to a delay in

establishing an airway early in the disease.

Question 18

Dirt-eating children ingest infectious ova.

The larvae migrate to visceral e liver, lung, and brain, but do not return to the intestine

Answer 18

Toxocara canis

stools do not contain the ova or parasites.
diagnosis can be made by ELISA for Toxocara.

Question 19

Croup treatment

Answer 19

racemic epinephrine and corticosteroids

Question 20

Phenytoin in utero exposure

Answer 20

nail/digital hypoplasia
dysmorphic face
mental retardation

Question 21

Vitamin C deficiency

Answer 21

scurvy

punctate hemorrhage
gingivitis
corkscrew hair

Question 22

B6 deficiency

Answer 22

cheilosis
stomatitis
glossitis
irritable/AMS/ depression

Question 23

Niacin deficiency

Answer 23

B3
pellagra 
dermatitis 
diarrhea 
dementia
glossitis

Question 24

Riboflavin deficiency

Answer 24

cheilosis
stomatitis 
glossitis 
normocytic anemia 
dermatitis

Question 25

Cat scratch disease

Answer 25

bartonella | skin lesion with ipsilateral LAD

Question 26

esophageal obstruction in young children typical location

Answer 26

below the cricopharyngeal muscle at the | level of the aortic arch

Question 27

triad of situs inversus, chronic sinusitis and otitis media, and airway disease

Answer 27

Kartagener syndrome- dysfunctional cilia

Question 28

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation

Answer 28

aka Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation | an entire lobe of lung is replaced by a non-working cystic piece of abnormal lung tissue.

Question 29

These asthma patients do not require daily medication and only short-acting β-agonists are needed

Answer 29

mild intermittent asthma symptoms < 2/ week < 2 nighttime episodes/ month.

Question 30

severe persistent asthma- continual symptoms and frequent nighttime symptoms. Rx?

Answer 30

daily high-dose glucocorticoids long-acting β-agonists may require oral steroids as well

Question 31

Sickle cell disease with painless hematuria

Answer 31

papillary necrosis other renal complications: UTI, real medullary carcinoma

Question 32

Howell-Jolly bodies are?

Answer 32

nuclear remnants of RBCs usually removed by the spleen