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A2 Geography > WORLD CITIES > Flashcards

WORLD CITIES Flashcards

1
Q

what are the types of settlements?

A 
isolated dwelling 
hamlets
village
small town
large town
city
millionaire city
super city
mega city
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2
Q

what is the settlement hierarchy?

A

a way of ranking settlement in terms of population size, urban area or number of services.

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3
Q

what is included in the settlement hierarchy

A

population size
number of services
size of built area
social/economic/political

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4
Q

what are the criticisms of settlement sizes?

A

no universal definition
historical/political status
may be based on the function or services

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5
Q

what is a settlement?

A

where people live , this can be rural or urban

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6
Q

what is urbanisation?

A

increase in the proportion of a country’s population that lives in towns and cities

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7
Q

what is urban growth

A

increase in the number of urban dwellers

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8
Q

what is suburbanisation

A

movement of people from living in the inner part of city to live on outer edge

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9
Q

what is counterurbanisation

A

movement of people from large urban areas into smaller urban or rural areas

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10
Q

what is reurbanisation

A

movement of people and economic activity back into city centre

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11
Q

what is gentrification

A

refurbishment of an old area

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12
Q

what is a world city?

A

a city which acts as a major centre for finance, trade and politics and science

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13
Q

give 3 examples of world city

A

new York
London
tokyo

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14
Q

what are characteristics

A

dominant influence
focal point
synergy

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15
Q

what is informationalisation?

A

increasing importance of ifo based sector of economy

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16
Q

what is synergy

A

economies or groups working closely together

17
Q

what is a learning centres

A

creative hubs, science parks and university

18
Q

what is globalisation

A

intergration of economic, cultural and political across geographical boundaries. also refers to trade or finance

19
Q

what is centres of spatial proximity?

A

tacit knowledge exists in certain areas of the city

20
Q

what is sassen definition of world cities

A

cities that play in a major role in global affairs in terms of political, economics and culture. 1991

21
Q

what is GaWC

A

globalisation and world cities research network

22
Q

what are the different categories

A 
alpha++
alpha
beta
gamma
sufficiency
23
Q

what are the 3 stages of megacities

A

mature slow growing
consolidating growing
immature rapidly growing

24
Q

effects of urbanisation (social)

A 
slums
urban sprawl
community spirit 
high crime rate
services cant meet demand
25
Q

effects of urbanisation (political)

A

trade unions
communism
women’s rights

26
Q

effects of urbanisation (economic)

A 
more in tertiary and secondary sector
less people in primary sector
swollen workforce
depressed wage rate
transport develops
increase in service industries
27
Q

effects of urbanisation (environmental)

A 
pollution
unclean water
loss of green space
national trust donates land( garden city movement)
low quality housing
28
Q

what is the cycle of urbanisation?

A 
agriculture
economic development
increase urbanisation
service industry
counter urbanisation
reurbanisation
29
Q

push factors of urbanisation

A

famine
persecution
agricultural revolution
lower life expectancy

30
Q

pull factors of urbanisation

A 
better opportunities
healthcare
transport
bright light syndrome 
trading hub
quality of life
standard of living 
better quality housing
31
Q

Mumbai case study : location

A

east coast of india
Arabian sea
900 miles of south new delhi

32
Q

Mumbai case study: push factors

A 
crop failure 
disease
conflict 
change in land use
mechanisation of agriculture
seasonal job
33
Q

Mumbai case study: pull factors

A 
better quality of life and standard of living
better paid jobs
infrastructure
employment opportunities
family already there
34
Q

Mumbai case study : problems with urbanisation

A 
rapid growth
overcrowded
pressure on transport
dharavi slum
informal sector
35
Q

Mumbai case study: facts

A

financial capital
rapid population growth
nariman point - 25% international trade
large port

36
Q

Mumbai case study; solutions

A

redevelopment of Dharavi
more sustainable housing
clean water
sanitation

A2 Geography (2 decks)

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