WORLD CITIES

Question 1

what are the types of settlements?

Answer 1

isolated dwelling 
hamlets
village
small town
large town
city
millionaire city
super city
mega city

Question 2

what is the settlement hierarchy?

Answer 2

a way of ranking settlement in terms of population size, urban area or number of services.

Question 3

what is included in the settlement hierarchy

Answer 3

population size
number of services
size of built area
social/economic/political

Question 4

what are the criticisms of settlement sizes?

Answer 4

no universal definition
historical/political status
may be based on the function or services

Question 5

what is a settlement?

Answer 5

where people live , this can be rural or urban

Question 6

what is urbanisation?

Answer 6

increase in the proportion of a country’s population that lives in towns and cities

Question 7

what is urban growth

Answer 7

increase in the number of urban dwellers

Question 8

what is suburbanisation

Answer 8

movement of people from living in the inner part of city to live on outer edge

Question 9

what is counterurbanisation

Answer 9

movement of people from large urban areas into smaller urban or rural areas

Question 10

what is reurbanisation

Answer 10

movement of people and economic activity back into city centre

Question 11

what is gentrification

Answer 11

refurbishment of an old area

Question 12

what is a world city?

Answer 12

a city which acts as a major centre for finance, trade and politics and science

Question 13

give 3 examples of world city

Answer 13

new York
London
tokyo

Question 14

what are characteristics

Answer 14

dominant influence
focal point
synergy

Question 15

what is informationalisation?

Answer 15

increasing importance of ifo based sector of economy

Question 16

what is synergy

Answer 16

economies or groups working closely together

Question 17

what is a learning centres

Answer 17

creative hubs, science parks and university

Question 18

what is globalisation

Answer 18

intergration of economic, cultural and political across geographical boundaries. also refers to trade or finance

Question 19

what is centres of spatial proximity?

Answer 19

tacit knowledge exists in certain areas of the city

Question 20

what is sassen definition of world cities

Answer 20

cities that play in a major role in global affairs in terms of political, economics and culture. 1991

Question 21

what is GaWC

Answer 21

globalisation and world cities research network

Question 22

what are the different categories

Answer 22

alpha++
alpha
beta
gamma
sufficiency

Question 23

what are the 3 stages of megacities

Answer 23

mature slow growing
consolidating growing
immature rapidly growing

Question 24

effects of urbanisation (social)

Answer 24

slums
urban sprawl
community spirit 
high crime rate
services cant meet demand

Question 25

effects of urbanisation (political)

Answer 25

trade unions communism women's rights

Question 26

effects of urbanisation (economic)

Answer 26

``` more in tertiary and secondary sector less people in primary sector swollen workforce depressed wage rate transport develops increase in service industries ```

Question 27

effects of urbanisation (environmental)

Answer 27

``` pollution unclean water loss of green space national trust donates land( garden city movement) low quality housing ```

Question 28

what is the cycle of urbanisation?

Answer 28

``` agriculture economic development increase urbanisation service industry counter urbanisation reurbanisation ```

Question 29

push factors of urbanisation

Answer 29

famine persecution agricultural revolution lower life expectancy

Question 30

pull factors of urbanisation

Answer 30

``` better opportunities healthcare transport bright light syndrome trading hub quality of life standard of living better quality housing ```

Question 31

Mumbai case study : location

Answer 31

east coast of india Arabian sea 900 miles of south new delhi

Question 32

Mumbai case study: push factors

Answer 32

``` crop failure disease conflict change in land use mechanisation of agriculture seasonal job ```

Question 33

Mumbai case study: pull factors

Answer 33

``` better quality of life and standard of living better paid jobs infrastructure employment opportunities family already there ```

Question 34

Mumbai case study : problems with urbanisation

Answer 34

``` rapid growth overcrowded pressure on transport dharavi slum informal sector ```

Question 35

Mumbai case study: facts

Answer 35

financial capital rapid population growth nariman point - 25% international trade large port

Question 36

Mumbai case study; solutions

Answer 36

redevelopment of Dharavi more sustainable housing clean water sanitation