world englishes: how english evolve

Question 1

how English evolves
presidentiable
batchmate
balikbayan
mani pedi
KKB

Answer 1

By adding affixes ( ‘presenditable’ mean which means a person chosen to be chosen as president)

By combining English words to create compounds (combination of batch and mate makes ‘batchmate’ which means a member of the same class (in Indian and Philippine English)

By combining two words from a different language to create hybrid compounds (‘Balikbayan’ in Philippine English is a box sent to Philippines)

By shortening words (‘mani-pedi’ means getting a manicure and pedicure in Philippines)

By making up an initialism (KKB which translates to each one pays their own park of the bill, Philippines English)

Question 2

how english evolves
carcade
suzie wong
gimmick
comfort room
tagalog

Answer 2

By making an analogy with another English word (‘carcade’ is a procession of cars in a parade of convoy following someone important, Inidian English)

By changing a proper noun to a common noun (Suzie Wong means a woman who sleeps with lots of servicemen, Hong Kong English)

By changing the meaning of words (‘gimmick’ is used to mean a fun night out with friends in Phillippines English, where in UK english it means a trick

By continuing to use words which arent used in UK english anymore (‘comfort room’ used in American English but is no longer used in UK english)

By translating a word or expression from a local language (‘tagalog’ in Philippine English)