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Ninth Grade Subject Flashcards > World Geography: The Physical World > Flashcards

World Geography: The Physical World Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main layers of the Earth?

A

Core, mantle and crust

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2
Q

What is the core made out of?

A

Inner core is solid iron-nickel and outer core is liquid iron-nickel

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3
Q

What is the theory stating that there are plate tectonics?

A

Continental Drift Theory

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4
Q

What term is used to describe activities of continental drift?

A

Plate tectonics

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5
Q

What is an example of a continental-continental divergent landform?

A

Great Rift Valley

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6
Q

What is an example of an oceanic-oceanic divergent landform?

A

Mid-Atlantic Ridge

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7
Q

What is the difference between continental-continental and oceanic-oceanic divergent boundaries?

A

Continental ones have larger rift valleys and are above water

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8
Q

What is an example of an oceanic-continental convergent landform?

A

Andes Mountains

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9
Q

What is an example of an oceanic-oceanic convergent landform?

A

Philippine Islands

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10
Q

What is an example of a continental-continental convergent landform?

A

Himilayas

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11
Q

What is an example of a transform landform?

A

San Andreas Fault

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12
Q

What is an example of a hotspot?

A

Hawaii

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13
Q

How are tsunamis created?

A

Disturbances in the ocean, such as underwater earthquakes, cause tsunami waves

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14
Q

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

A

Weathering is breaking rocks into smaller rocks and erosion is wearing away at Earth’s surface

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15
Q

What are the two types of weathering?

A

Physical and chemical

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16
Q

physical weathering

A

when rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces

17
Q

chemical weathering

A

when rocks are chemically changed and broken

18
Q

What are the three types of erosion?

A

Wind, glacial and water erosion

19
Q

wind erosion

A

dust, sand and soil is carried from place to place by wind

20
Q

What are the benefits of wind erosion?

A

Rich soil can be carried to create fertile land

21
Q

What are the drawbacks of wind erosion?

A

Rich soil can be carried away and land becomes more barren

22
Q

glacial erosion

A

when landscapes are carved and destroyed by glacial movement

23
Q

moraine

A

large pile of rocks and debris left behind by glaciers

24
Q

What do moraines look like?

A

They are usually ridges or dams that create glacial lakes

25
Q

What are the two types of glaciers?

A

Sheet and mountain glaciers

26
Q

sheet glacier

A

flat sheets of ice that can break off to form icebergs

27
Q

What is an example of a sheet glacier?

A

Greenland or Antarctica

28
Q

mountain glacier

A

glacier found high in mountains that moves downhill

29
Q

water erosion

A

when water carries sediment or carves away rock

Ninth Grade Subject Flashcards (6 decks)

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