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1
Q

What does ‘Demagogic’ mean?

A

The use of appealing but flawed arguments to gain power or influence.

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2
Q

Define Fascism.

A

A far-right, authoritarian ultranationalist political ideology characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition, and strong regimentation of society and the economy.

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3
Q

What was the March on Rome?

A

The march of Italian Fascists on Rome in October 1922 that led to Benito Mussolini’s appointment as Prime Minister.

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4
Q

Who is a Socialist?

A

An advocate or supporter of socialism, a political and economic theory advocating for social ownership and control of the means of production and distribution of goods.

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5
Q

What is Nazism?

A

The ideology of the Nazi Party, emphasizing extreme nationalism, racism, and authoritarianism, particularly under Adolf Hitler.

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6
Q

Define Communism.

A

A political and economic system advocating for a classless society, where the means of production are collectively owned and controlled.

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7
Q

What does Homogeneity refer to?

A

The state of being uniform or similar, often in reference to culture or ethnicity within a society.

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8
Q

What is an Ultranationalist?

A

A person or movement that promotes extreme national pride and supremacy.

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9
Q

Define Suppression.

A

The act of forcibly putting an end to or restricting something, especially dissent or opposition.

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10
Q

What are Red-Shirts?

A

A group associated with political movements, particularly in Italy and Thailand, often referring to left-wing or populist forces.

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11
Q

What are Black-Shirts?

A

Members of Benito Mussolini’s fascist militia in Italy, known for their black uniforms and violent tactics.

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12
Q

What was the Weimar Republic?

A

The democratic government of Germany from 1919 to 1933, prior to Nazi rule.

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13
Q

Define Totalitarianism.

A

A political system where the government recognizes no limits to its authority and seeks to control every aspect of public and private life.

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14
Q

What is Antisemitism?

A

Hostility, prejudice, or discrimination against Jews.

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15
Q

What does Social Darwinism mean?

A

A theory that applies Darwin’s principles of natural selection to social, political, and economic issues, often used to justify inequality.

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16
Q

What is Volksgemeinschaft?

A

A Nazi concept of a unified ‘people’s community’ based on racial purity and national identity.

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17
Q

What were the Nuremberg Laws of 1935?

A

Laws in Nazi Germany that institutionalized racial discrimination, particularly against Jews.

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18
Q

What does ‘Aryan’ race refer to?

A

A racial concept promoted by Nazis that classified people of Northern European descent as superior.

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19
Q

What was the Munich Agreement (1938)?

A

A settlement in which Britain and France allowed Nazi Germany to annex part of Czechoslovakia to avoid conflict.

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20
Q

What was Kristallnacht?

A

A violent anti-Jewish pogrom in Nazi Germany in 1938, involving the destruction of Jewish businesses, synagogues, and arrests.

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21
Q

Define Holocaust.

A

The systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jews and millions of others by Nazi Germany and its allies during World War II.

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22
Q

What does Annihilation mean?

A

Complete destruction or obliteration.

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23
Q

Define Genocide.

A

The deliberate killing or extermination of a particular ethnic, national, or religious group.

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24
Q

What was Auschwitz-Birkenau?

A

The largest Nazi concentration and extermination camp, where millions of Jews and others were murdered.

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25
What was Treblinka?
A Nazi extermination camp in Poland, where hundreds of thousands of Jews were killed.
26
What does Racial Purification refer to?
The attempt to remove or eliminate groups of people deemed 'inferior' based on their race or ethnicity, in order to create a 'pure' racial stock.
27
What was the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising?
A 1943 armed resistance by Jewish residents in the Warsaw Ghetto against Nazi deportations to extermination camps.
28
What was the Auschwitz Uprising?
A 1944 resistance movement at the Auschwitz concentration camp, involving an attempt to sabotage the camp's operation.
29
Define Cult.
A system of religious devotion directed toward a particular figure or object, often involving extreme or unorthodox practices.
30
What does USSR stand for?
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, a socialist state in Eastern Europe and Asia from 1922 to 1991, led by the Communist Party.
31
What does Extrajudicial mean?
Actions taken without legal authority or outside of the established legal system, often referring to unlawful detention or punishment.
32
What was The Bolshevik (Communist) Party?
A political party led by Lenin that seized power in Russia in 1917, forming the basis of the Soviet Union.
33
Define Monopoly.
When a single company or group controls nearly all of the market for a given product or service, giving them the power to set prices and limit competition.
34
What does Antithetical mean?
Directly opposed or contrasted to something; mutually incompatible.
35
What was Collectivization (1928-1940)?
The Soviet policy of consolidating small farms into large, state-controlled farms to increase agricultural production.
36
What was Holodomor?
A man-made famine in Soviet Ukraine from 1932-1933, believed to be a result of Stalin's policies, leading to millions of deaths.
37
Who were Kulaks?
Wealthier peasants in Soviet Russia who were persecuted during collectivization.
38
What does The Rising Sun symbolize?
A symbol associated with Japan, especially its military during World War II.
39
Define Expansionist.
A policy or ideology aimed at expanding a nation's territory or influence.
40
What does Sovereignty mean?
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state.
41
What is Divine right and destiny?
The belief that a ruler’s authority is derived from God and is preordained.
42
Define Western colonialism.
The policy and practice of European countries conquering and establishing control over other lands and people, often for economic exploitation and political dominance.
43
What does Subjugation mean?
The action of bringing someone or something under control, often through force or oppression.
44
What happened in Manchuria (1931)?
A region in China invaded by Japan in 1931, marking the beginning of Japan’s expansionist policies in East Asia.
45
What occurred in Nanking (1937)?
The capital of China, where Japanese forces committed atrocities, including mass killings and rapes, during the Second Sino-Japanese War (known as the Nanking Massacre).
46
What was the Anti-Comintern Pact (1936)?
An agreement between Nazi Germany, Italy, and Japan to oppose the spread of communism, particularly targeting the Soviet Union.
47
Define Appeasement.
A diplomatic policy where concessions are made to an aggressor in order to avoid war.
48
What does Lebensraum ('Living Space') refer to?
The Nazi concept of territorial expansion, particularly in Eastern Europe, to provide space for the growing German population.
49
What was the Annexation of Poland?
The invasion and subsequent incorporation of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939, which marked the beginning of World War II.
50
Define Isolationism.
A foreign policy approach where a country avoids involvement in the affairs of other nations, focusing instead on its own domestic issues and security.
51
Who were the Allies?
The coalition of countries, including the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom, that fought against the Axis Powers in World War II.
52
What does Axis refer to?
The alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II.
53
What was the Fall of France (May-June 1940)?
The rapid German invasion of France during World War II, leading to the collapse of the French government and occupation by Nazi forces.
54
Define Blitzkrieg.
A military strategy used by Nazi Germany involving rapid, surprise attacks using combined air and ground forces to quickly overwhelm the enemy.
55
What was the Battle of Britain (July-October 1940)?
An air campaign between Nazi Germany and the United Kingdom, where the Royal Air Force successfully defended Britain from German bombing.
56
What was the Battle of Stalingrad (1942-1943)?
A brutal and decisive battle on the Eastern Front, where the Soviet Union defeated Nazi Germany, marking a turning point in the war.
57
What was the Afrika Korps?
The German military unit sent to North Africa during World War II, led by Erwin Rommel.
58
Who was Erwin Rommel ('The Desert Fox')?
A German field marshal known for his leadership in North Africa during World War II.
59
What was the Eastern Front?
A major theater of conflict during World War II between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, characterized by immense scale, brutality, and significant loss of life.
60
What was the North African campaign?
A series of battles in North Africa during World War II between the Axis powers and the Allies, notably involving the Afrika Korps.
61
What does 'The Sleeping Giant Awakens' refer to?
A phrase referring to the United States' entry into World War II after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
62
What was the U.S. oil embargo (1941)?
The United States imposed an oil embargo on Japan in 1941, which contributed to Japan's decision to attack Pearl Harbor.
63
What happened at Pearl Harbor?
A surprise military strike by the Japanese Navy against the United States' naval base in Hawaii on December 7, 1941, leading to the U.S. entering World War II.
64
What does Kamikaze refer to?
Japanese suicide pilots who crashed their planes into enemy targets during World War II.
65
What was Japanese Internment in the U.S.?
The forced relocation and confinement of Japanese Americans during World War II, following fears of espionage and sabotage.
66
What was the Battle of Midway (June 1942)?
A significant naval battle in the Pacific theater during World War II, marking a turning point in favor of the Allies.
67
What was the Battle of Coral Sea (May 1942)?
A naval battle between Japan and the Allies, marking the first major victory for the Allies in the Pacific theater.
68
Define Island Hopping.
A military strategy used by the Allies in the Pacific during World War II, focusing on capturing strategic islands and bypassing others.
69
What was the Bataan Death March?
The forced march of American and Filipino prisoners of war by Japanese forces in 1942, resulting in thousands of deaths.
70
What is the Japanese cultural view on surrendering?
The concept that surrendering was dishonorable in Japanese culture, which led to fierce resistance during World War II.
71
What was D-Day Operation Overlord?
The Allied invasion of Nazi-occupied France on June 6, 1944, marking a turning point in World War II.
72
What was Operation Torch?
The Allied invasion of North Africa in 1942, aimed at opening a new front against the Axis powers.
73
What was the Allied victory in Italy?
The successful Allied campaign to defeat Axis forces in Italy, culminating in the surrender of Italian forces in 1943.
74
Define Liberation.
The act of freeing someone or something from imprisonment, slavery, or oppression. It can also refer to the freeing of a territory from enemy occupation.
75
What is May 8, 1945 known for?
The day Nazi Germany officially surrendered to the Allies, marking the end of World War II in Europe.
76
What was the Potsdam Conference?
A meeting of Allied leaders in 1945 to discuss post-war Europe and the future of Germany.
77
What was the Manhattan Project?
The secret U.S. project to develop the atomic bomb during World War II.
78
What happened in April 1945?
The month of significant events in World War II, including the death of Adolf Hitler and the fall of Berlin.
79
Define Atomic bomb.
A weapon of mass destruction that uses nuclear reactions to release immense amounts of energy, developed during the Manhattan Project.
80
What happened in Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) and Nagasaki (August 9, 1945)?
Japanese cities targeted with atomic bombs by the U.S., leading to Japan’s surrender and the end of World War II.
81
Who was Oppenheimer?
J. Robert Oppenheimer, the scientific director of the Manhattan Project.
82
What is September 2, 1945 known for?
The day Japan officially surrendered, marking the end of World War II.
83
What was the Yalta Conference?
A World War II meeting held from February 4-11, 1945, in Yalta, Crimea, where the 'Big Three' discussed the postwar world.
84
What does Denazification in Germany refer to?
The process of removing Nazi influence from German society and government after World War II.
85
What is the Recovery of territory by European nations?
The restoration of land taken by Nazi Germany to its original European nations after the war.
86
What does Rebuilding Japan-MacArthur refer to?
The process of rebuilding post-war Japan, led by U.S. General Douglas MacArthur.
87
What was the Japanese government transition after World War II?
The shift from a militaristic government to a constitutional monarchy after Japan’s defeat in World War II.
88
What is the Creation of the United Nations?
The establishment of an international organization to promote peace and cooperation among nations after World War II.
89
What is the UN Charter?
The foundational treaty of the United Nations, outlining the rights and obligations of member states.
90
What is The Security Council?
The primary decision-making body of the United Nations, responsible for maintaining international peace and security.

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