World History 1st Sem. Exam

Question 1

7 features of civilization:

Answer 1

government
complex religion
job specialization
social classes
arts + architecture
writing
public works

Question 2

What do the first 4 civilizations have in common?

Answer 2

they were all on major rivers

Question 3

What are the basic beliefs of Judaism?

Answer 3

monotheistic
Torah
Abraham
Old Testament + 10 Commandments

Question 4

What are the basic beliefs of Hinduism?

Answer 4

polytheistic
Vedas
Brahman
reincarnation
karma

Question 5

Define polytheism:

Answer 5

believing in multiple gods

Question 6

Define monotheism:

Answer 6

believing in one god

Question 7

Define democracy:

Answer 7

a gov’t for the people by the people

Question 8

Who invented democracy?

Answer 8

the Athenians

Question 9

How did the Roman Republic fall?

Answer 9

people were fighting for power

Question 10

What were some of the accomplishments/achievements of the Romans?

Answer 10

the Colosseum
aqueducts
baths
weapons
lifelike sculptures
water fountains
Julian calendar

Question 11

What was the Pax Romana?

Answer 11

a period of peace in Rome

Question 12

What are the basic beliefs of Christianity?

Answer 12

Jesus
monotheistic
Bible + Old & New Testament +10 Commandments

Question 13

How/why do empires rise?

Answer 13

strong armies + good leadership

eg. Macedonia

Question 14

How/why do empires fall?

Answer 14

too big

Question 15

What is feudalism?

Answer 15

social + economic system of the middle ages

Question 16

What was the manor system?

Answer 16

lord
vassal
knight
serf

Question 17

What caused the Black Plague?

Answer 17

fleas on rats

Question 18

What was the role of the church in peoples’ daily lives during the Middle Ages?

Answer 18

people looked to the church for answers/guidance

Question 19

What caused The Crusades?

Answer 19

Muslims took over Jerusalem

+ treated Christians badly

Question 20

What were the long-term effects of The Crusades?

Answer 20

opened up people’s minds to new lands & ideas

Question 21

What was the Magna Carta?

Answer 21

no one is above the law

Question 22

What was the Great Schism?

Answer 22

the split between the Roman Catholic and Byzantine Churches in 1054

Question 23

What are the basic beliefs of Islam?

Answer 23

Muhammad
monotheistic
Quran
Allah
5 Pillars

Question 24

How were the Muslim Empires different from the Medieval Empires?

Answer 24

Muslim Empires treated the people they took over fairly

Question 25

What was the purpose of the Trans-Saharan Trade Route?

Answer 25

to spread Islam | exchange goods

Question 26

What was the Renaissance?

Answer 26

time in Europe after the Middle Ages with new interest in learning, art, & achievements

Question 27

How was the Renaissance different from the Middle Ages?

Answer 27

art | learning

Question 28

What was the impact of the printing press?

Answer 28

more books produced | more access to books

Question 29

How did the Catholic Church abuse its power?

Answer 29

offered indulgences

Question 30

Who was Martin Luther?

Answer 30

Lutheranism | 95 Theses

Question 31

What was Martin Luther upset about?

Answer 31

indulgences | corruption in the Church

Question 32

What are the major differences between the Catholic and Protestant religions?

Answer 32

Protestants could read & interpret the Bible | Protestant clergy could marry

Question 33

How did the Catholic Church react to the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 33

exocommunication

Question 34

How did the Catholic Church respond to the Scientific Method?

Answer 34

prosecution | exocommunication

Question 35

What were the reasons for exploration?

Answer 35

wanted direct route to the spices & products from the East

Question 36

What is capitalism?

Answer 36

economic system in which the means of production are privately owned & operated for profit

Question 37

What is mercantilism?

Answer 37

policy by which a nation sought to export more than it imported in order to build its supply of gold & silver

Question 38

What was the purpose of the Triangular Trade?

Answer 38

to trade slaves & goods

Question 39

What was the purpose of the Line of Demarcation?

Answer 39

divided the non-European zones controlled by Spain and Portugal

Question 40

How did Europeans so easily conquer Native Americans?

Answer 40

the diseases they brought | superior technology

Question 41

What is absolutism?

Answer 41

a ruling family with full power & control

Question 42

Who were the Huguenots?

Answer 42

French Protestants

Question 43

What did the Edict of Nantes do?

Answer 43

granted Huguenots religious tolerance

Question 44

Define autocrat:

Answer 44

dictator without divine right

Question 45

Define divine right:

Answer 45

right to rule from god

Question 46

Define oligarchy:

Answer 46

ruled by multiple people

Question 47

Define limited monarchy:

Answer 47

monarch is limited by a group of people

Question 48

Which 2 religious groups were in conflict in Europe throughout much of the Renaissance and the Age of Exploration?

Answer 48

Christians & Muslims