World History

Question 0

Civilization

Answer 0

-city leaders had to start organizing workers to solve problems, such as building and cleaning irrigation canals. As a result, society and culture grew more complex. These changes led to an advanced form of culture called civilization.

Question 1

Mesopotamia

Answer 1

• the region where two rivers flow
• The name means “land between rivers”
• the land is mostly flat with small, scrubby plants
• the rivers provide travel

Question 2

Polytheism

Answer 2

• when Sumerians believed in many gods and goddesses, a belief called polytheism
• according to their religion there are 4 main gods- the gods of sky, wind, hills, and fresh water
• each city-state worshiped its own main god
• there were many lesser gods and goddesses

Question 3

Floodplain

Answer 3

• it was when rivers reached the plains, water overflowed onto the floodplain, the flat land bordering the banks
• as water spread over the floodplain, the soil it carried settled on land

Question 4

City-State

Answer 4

-it was a community that included a city and its surrounding lands

Question 5

Cuneiform

Answer 5

• over time, Sumerians stopped using pictures and began to use wedge-shaped symbols
• it was a wedged shaped writing

Question 6

Silt

Answer 6

• as the water spread over the floodplain, the soil it carried settled on land, this fine soil deposited by rivers is called silt
• the silt was fertile
• it was good for growing crops
• was a important part of farming

Question 7

Ziggurat

Answer 7

• was the largest and most important structure in an Sumerian city
• was first built about 2200 B.C.
• it stood at the center of a huge temple complex
• the complex functioned as sort of a city hall
• it functioned as sort of a city hall because the priests ran the irrigation system and other important aspects of city life
• people came to the temple complex to pay the priests for their services with grain and other items
• as a result , the priests managed the storage of surplus grain and controlled much of the city-state’s wealth

Question 8

Scribes

Answer 8

• they were professional record keepers
• they specialized in writing
• were respected highly
• very few people were scribes

Question 9

Arid

Answer 9

-less than 10 inches of rain fell each year in southern Mesopotamia, and summers were hot, this type of climate would be arid

Question 10

Drought

Answer 10

• a long period when too little rain falls
• drought can be considered a danger
• the rivers water level drops
• when they accrued it was hard for farmers to have good crops

Question 11

Fertile Crescent

Answer 11

• lands that stretched in a curve from the Persian Gulf through Mesopotamia to the Mediterranean Sea
• has rich soil and water that make it a good area for farmingj

Question 12

Irrigation

Answer 12

-is the watering of dry land using systems of ditches, pipes, and streams

Question 13

Surplus

Answer 13

• Mesopotamia grew a surplus of crops
• means to have more than they needed for themselves
• they traded surplus all the time

Question 14

Code of Law

Answer 14

• Hammurabi used the code of law in the way he ruled

- it is a set of written laws for people to obey

Question 15

Providences

Answer 15

• a province was an area of land like a state

- it had a local government

Question 16

Empire

Answer 16

-it brings together many different lands and peoples under the control of one ruler

Question 17

Emperor

Answer 17

-the person who rules an empire

Question 18

What are the 5 characteristics of a civilation

Answer 18

• advanced cities
• specialized workers
• complex institutions
• record keeping
• improved technology

Question 19

Where is Mesopotamia located? What are its important geographic features?

Answer 19

Mesopotamia was located Southwest Asia between Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The land is between two rivers which provided water and an easier way to travel

Question 20

Why was an irrigation system important to the Sumerians?

Answer 20

The floods and arid climate of the region often meant that farmers had too much or too little rain. With the irrigation systems it watered crops so farmers could eat and sell the crops

Question 21

Where were most Sumerian city-states located, and why?

Answer 21

Most of the Sumerian city-states were located at the mouth of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers because the land was really fertile

Question 22

What is the effect of a class system on a society?

Answer 22

The effect of a class system on society determines who has the power and who has the less desirable jobs

Question 23

Identify and describe the scientific/technological developments the
Sumerians made.

Answer 23

The Sumerians invented the plow which helped them tremendously in farming and they invented the wheel which was first used to make pottery that stored surplus food

Question 24

What is Hammurabi’s Code of Law?

Answer 24

The Hammurabi code of law is sometimes called "an eye for an eye" code that included 282 laws. They included business, property, and how you treat others. The law was fair because it applied to everyone not just some individuals.

Question 25

Identify reasons why the Assyrians and the Chaldeans were able to build empires.

Answer 25

The Assyrians and Chaldeans were able to build empires because their rulers built a powerful army and set out to control the neighboring lands.

Question 26

What common problems did the Empires (Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Chaldeans, Persians) of Southwest Asia face?

Answer 26

The most common problem the empires of Southwest Asia faced were the attacks from outside people

Question 27

Position on the Earth's Surface

Answer 27

Location

Question 28

defining a precise point on the earth using longitude and latitude

Answer 28

Absolute Location

Question 29

describing a place in relationship to other places.

Answer 29

Relative Location

Question 30

All places on the earth have distinctive features that distinguish them from other places.

Answer 30

Place

Question 31

climate- landforms

Answer 31

Physical Features

Question 32

population- settlement-economic activities

Answer 32

Human Characteristics

Question 33

Understanding the impact of humans on the environment involves learning about the physical and social factors that produce environmental change.

Answer 33

Relationship(Interaction)

Question 34

People interact with each other both locally and globally by travel, communication, and the exchange of goods and services.

Answer 34

Movement

Question 35

A region is an area that displays unity in terms of selected characteristics that distinguish it from other areas. Regions are defined by: government, language, economy, or landforms.

Answer 35

Regions

Question 36

Latitude

Answer 36

- you read and right latitude first - also known as Parallels - Line of latitude measure distances north and south - Tropic of Cancer is located at 23 1/2 degrees north of the equator - Tropic of Capricorn is located 23 1/2 degrees south of the equator

Question 37

Longitude

Answer 37

-also known as Meridians -mark the globe into 360 degree -Prime Meridian or 0 degrees longitude is located in Greenwich, England -Lines of longitude will meet at the (true or geographic) north and South Pole -There is a magnetic north (you can locate this using a compass) example below

Question 38

How did geography influence the development of civilization in Mesopotamia (Southwest Asia)?

Answer 38

The geography influenced the development of civilization by having fertile soil because of the rain, rivers, silt, and melting snow from the northern part of Mesopotamia mountains. This caused them to have a irrigation system to have good crops and surplus and having a good location

Question 39

- How did the formation of empires encourage trade

Answer 39

Each empire is in a different region. They maybe had different things each of them needed or wanted. Maybe a empire was on a large minerals deposit or ones near a large forest with fertile soil. They traded with one another with their surplus

Question 40

How would you characterize the leadership of Hammurabi? Why did he develop a code of law?

Answer 40

The leadership of Hammurabi was not a fun time for the Mesopotamians because he ruled by fear. He developed a code of law so that Mesopotamians would not break laws of they would get a harsh punishment. The Mesopotamians were also easier to control because they lived in fear of Hammurabi's code.

Question 41

- How do you think conquered peoples felt about the treatment they received from the Assyrians?

Answer 41

The people felt about the Assryians treatment was very harsh because if a governor was ruling the land he had to pay a tribute to the Assyrians Emporor but if he failed to pay the army would destroy cities in their land and the people were driven out of their homelands

Question 42

How did religion play a role in the downfall of the Chaldeans

Answer 42

One ruler upset some Chaldeans by trying to replace their main God, Marduk. The followers of Marduk may have helped Cryus of Persia conquer Babylon because they were angry the ruler tried to change their God

Question 43

What was the vision that inspired Cyrus? What problems did he avoid by adopting his approach to conquered peoples

Answer 43

Cyrus had a vision of conquering the lands around Persia and uniting these lands as one big empire. To avoid problems with conquered people, he set up a policy of toleration that allowed people to keep their customs and beliefs. TOLERANCE

Question 44

How did the policies of Cyrus and Darius contrast with those of the Assyrians?

Answer 44

They let people in the land They concurred keep their religions and customs unlike the Assryins who forced the lands they concurred to convert to their religion and culture

Question 45

What are the 5 themes of geography

Answer 45

- Location - place - relationship - movement - regions