world history exam 2

Question 1

T or F: Louis XIV built the palace of Versailles for no other purpose than his own enjoyment.

Answer 1

false

Question 2

What did absolutism and constitutionalism NOT have in common?

Answer 2

Power shared with a representative legislative body

Question 3

T or F: John Locke wrote his Two Treatises of Gov during the English Exclusion Crisis in order to show his support for James, the Catholic heir to the English throne. Even though Locke wasn’t wild about the idea of a Catholic king, he thought it was NOT okay to go against the rules of succession.

Answer 3

false

Question 4

Hobbes or Locke:
Life in the state of nature (society before any gov existed) was terrible and warlike, “nasty, brutish, short”.

Answer 4

Hobbes

Question 5

Hobbes or Locke:
If a king is behaving as a cruel tyrant, it’s okay for the people to rebel against him.

Answer 5

Locke

Question 6

Hobbes or Locke:
The purpose of gov is to secure people’s life, liberty, and property. The sovereign (king) has a responsibility to fulfill that purpose.

Answer 6

Locke

Question 7

What is NOT a feature of absolutism?

Answer 7

Checks and balances

Question 8

One thing that made absolutism acceptable to Europeans was

Answer 8

Exhaustion from over a century of chaos and violence due to religious wars

Question 9

Constitutionalism developed in the 17th century in all of the following places EXCEPT

Answer 9

France

Question 10

Louis XIV used almost entirely French materials and artisans to build his Palace of Versailles because he wanted to practice the economic system of

Answer 10

mercantilism

Question 11

Inductive reasoning can be done from an armchair.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

What was NOT a key theme of the Enlightenment?

Answer 12

original sin

Question 13

T or F: Heliocentrism was a preferred model of the Catholic Church.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

T or F: Like the American Bill of Rights, the French Declaration of the Rights of Man (1789) identified freedom of speech as an extremely important right.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

T or F: The Seven Years’ War was a big defeat for France.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

T or F: Members of the bourgeoisie in pre-revolutionary France were a part of the 2nd estate.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

T or F: The Congress of Vienna returned France to its pre-revolutionary borders and restored many conservative regimes that were in place before the Napoleonic Wars.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Who did the bourgeoisie not include

Answer 18

unskilled factory workers

Question 19

T or F: Adam Smith’s argument for “laissez-faire” capitalism was a reaction against mercantilism

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Toussaint L’Ouverture was the leader of the what revolution.

Answer 20

Haitian

Question 21

In the 1800s European political spectrum, “liberals” tended to be…

Answer 21

members of the bourgeoisie

Question 22

T or F: One thing that gave Britain an advantage when it came to industrialization was its empire, which provided both raw materials and markets for manufactured goods

Answer 22

True

Question 23

After industrialization, the western European social class system was increasingly dominated by what classes

Answer 23

Bourgeoisie and Proletariat

Question 24

The change from mostly skilled labor to mostly unskilled labor during the industrial revolution…

Answer 24

Made workers much more vulnerable because it made them easily replaceable

Question 25

What is NOT on our list of things needed to have an industrial revolution?

Answer 25

An absolutist system of government

Question 26

Characteristics of Romanticism do NOT include...

Answer 26

Emphasis on reason rather than emotion

Question 27

The Proletariat consists of

Answer 27

The working class, Factory workers, Unskilled laborers

Question 28

According to Adam Smith, an economic system should be designed around the assumption that

Answer 28

People mostly act in their self interest

Question 29

Socialists did not support

Answer 29

Laissez-faire

Question 30

T or F: One definition of nationalism is the desire to make political (state) borders match ethnic/linguistic borders

Answer 30

True

Question 31

T or F: The European belief in nationalism in the mid-1800s was a force for unity in Austria-Hungary

Answer 31

False

Question 32

T or F: The Opium Wars proved once again that China was the most powerful state in the world.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

_ led to the opening of Japan to western trade.

Answer 33

The Meiji Restoration

Question 34

T or F: The Indian Revolt of 1857 led to the end of the East Indian Company's direct control in India.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Following the Meiji Restoration, Japan did not undergo

Answer 35

Moved to an absolutist monarchy

Question 36

We compared two letters, one from the Qianlong Emperor to King George III from 1793 and the other from Commissioner Lin to Queen Victoria from 1839. What had changed between the two letters that caused them to have such different tones?

Answer 36

The opium trade

Question 37

The main reason why Western Europe and America ("the West") became economically and militarily dominated during the 1800s was

Answer 37

Industrialization

Question 38

How did Hong Kong become part of the British Empire in the first place?

Answer 38

Treaty of Nanjing

Question 39

Which two European countries underwent unification in the mid-1800s due in part to widespread beliefs in nationalism?

Answer 39

Italy and Germany

Question 40

People of Spanish descent in Spanish America were called

Answer 40

Criollos

Question 41

The revolutions in Spanish and Portuguese America that established many Latin and South American independent states happened in the

Answer 41

Early 1800s

Question 42

The revolutions in the Spanish and Portuguese American colonies happened when they did mostly because of

Answer 42

Disruption of Iberian power due to Napoleon

Question 43

Only who could hold top positions in the Spanish American colonial government.

Answer 43

Peninsulares

Question 44

T or F: Simon Bolivar was a military and political leader who was involved in revolutionary movements and drafting of constitutions in Venezuela, Bolivia, Columbia, Ecuador, and Panama.

Answer 44

True

Question 45

T or F: Most Latin American revolutions produced liberal states with representative governments and a high degree of social equality

Answer 45

False

Question 46

T or F: The Ottoman Empire was very multicultural and relatively tolerant

Answer 46

True

Question 47

What did Muhammad Ali NOT do in Egypt?

Answer 47

Kept Egypt politically subservient to the Ottoman Empire

Question 48

The 1807 Abolition of the Slave Act abolished

Answer 48

The British Atlantic Slave trade only

Question 49

T or F: Juntas gave criollos a taste of self-rule

Answer 49

True

Question 50

an economic system designed to increase national wealth and power through government regulation of the economy, featuring policies designed to secure

Answer 50

mercantilism