World History Finals Flashcards
(17 cards)
Crusades
Christian knights who wanted the holy land(Jerusalem)
Means going to the cross
War(9) between Christian’s and Muslims for Jerusalem and surrounding areas
Why is Jerusalem holy?
Jews-Solomon’s temple and wailing walls
Christianity-birth of Christ and Jesus ministry
Muslim-dome of the rock(Muhammad ascended to heaven)
History of holy land
Taken over by Muslim arab(Palestine)- allowed religious tolerance(everyone was allowed to pilgrimage)
Then Seljuk Turks(Muslims) took over and stopped religious tolerance
Killed 3,000 Christian’s and sparked crusades
Purpose of crusades
Take back holy land so Jesus could return
1 crusade
Pope Urban II calls Christian’s to reclaim holy land
God wills it-battle cry
Told people that you will get salvation for fighting
Led by Alexius I-emperor of Byzantine empire-and succeeded
2nd Crusade
Saladin(Muslim crusader) retook Jerusalem from the christians
All but 1st and 3rd crusades succeeded
Muslims controlled it till 1948(Palenstine)
Today it’s called Israel
Children Crusades
Kid named Nicholas leads army of 50000 children
Tried to part the sea like Moses
Many died and taken as slaves
Results of Crusades
Byzantine empire falls to Ottoman Turks(Muslims)
Muslim controlled holy land for 700 years
Created conflict between christians and Jews
Hundred Years’ War
France vs England
Started because King Edward III(England) claimed to be king of France(King Phillip VI)
Joan of ark-French peasant heroine(burned because of visions from God.
Protastment Reformation+reasons
Reform of the Catholic Church because it was worldly and corrupt
-church corruption
-indulgences
-nationalism
Martin Luther’s message
- Salvation can’t come from works, only faith
2.head of Christian church is Jesus not the pope
3.you can go to God without the priest
4.Bible is our guide, no traditions
Age of reason/enlightenment
Intellectual movement that stressed reason+freedom rather than religion and tradition.
Sparked the French Revolution
Goal of enlightenment
Reform long ideas abt society
Common people were born not only with rights but rights to have a better government
5 characteristics of radical ideas
-reason
-skepticism
-republicanism
-religious tolerance
-individual liberty/freedom
Center of enlightenment
France
French Revolution legacies
1)abolishment of feudalism
2)rise of nationalism
3)abolished absolute monarchy
4)human rights
Factors that led to the French revolution
-divine right of kings
-inequalities in society
-enlightenment
-American revolution
-corruption of French monarachs
