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World History Midterm Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

absolutism

A

the acceptance of or belief in absolute principles

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2
Q

divine right

A

the idea that kings get their right to rule from God

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3
Q

enlightenment

A

spiritual insight that frees a person from the cycle of rebirth

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4
Q

montesquieu

A

created the 3 branches of government/the idea of it

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5
Q

glorious revolution

A

invasion, aka the glorious crossing by the dutch

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6
Q

english bill of rights

A

the english constitution of laws- basic laws of england

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7
Q

john locke

A

created the idea of the three natural laws- life, liberty, and property

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8
Q

rousseau

A

reconcived the social contract

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9
Q

magna carta (1215)

A

first document that said the king isn’t above the constitution

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10
Q

results of enlightenment

A

inventions, scientific revolutions, and helped inspire the american and french revolution

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11
Q

charles ll of england

A

restoration period (ruled during this time)

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12
Q

restoration

A

return of heredity monarch to the throne

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13
Q

constitutional monarchy

A

a system of government in which the kings power is limited

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14
Q

english civil war

A

a series of civil wars between the parliamentarians and royalist

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15
Q

1st/2nd/3rd estate

A

first: clergy second: nobility third: commoners

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16
Q

napoleonic code

A

made men have more authority over their families

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17
Q

declaration of the rights of men and citizen

A

defined the individual rights at the time of the french revolution

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18
Q

ancien regime

A

a political or social system that was overthrown during the french revolution

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19
Q

bourgeoisie

A

middle class

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20
Q

continental system

A

blockade created by napoleon to stop great britian

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21
Q

estates general

A

representatives of the 3 estates

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22
Q

industrialization and britian

A

britian became more manufactured

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23
Q

textile industry

A

industry that made fabrics and cloths

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24
Q

agricultural revolution

A

unprecedented increase in agricultural production in britian

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25
james watt
known for his improvements with the steam engine
26
enclosure movement
sealed off lands so they had private farms
27
triangular trade- transatlantic slave trade
trade between europe, africa, and the americas
28
otto von bismark
built a powerful and well equipped military, and was a prime minister/chancellor
29
imperialism
domination of one country in another region or country
30
motivation for imperialism
exploration, economic expansion, and increase in political power
31
discovery of gold/diamonds
it made people go to india for them
32
sepoy mutiny
a bloody battle against the britian rule in india (sepoys vs britian)
33
menelik ll of ethiopia
leader who used weapons to fight off indians
34
purpose of african imperialism
economic, political, and social purposes
35
role of nationalism in imperialism
pushed the governments of Britain, France, Germany, and other European powers to compete, first in Europe and then around the world
36
sphere of influence
imperialism but where another country has investment rights in another country or region
37
meiji restoration
a time when the emperor regained control in japan and germany and began modernizing
38
india- "jewel of the crown"
because india had cotton, gold and diamonds
39
social darwinism
racial superiority
40
suez canal- importance to britian
it connected britian to the red sea and the mediterranean sea
41
berlin confrence
a meeting held to discuss the rules of dividing africa
42
monroe doctrine
when americas decided to close off their colonization
43
opium wars
war over opium... britian gained hong kong
44
treaty of nanking (nanjing)
it ended the opium wars
45
king leopold ll
king of belgium.... took over the congo
46
triple alliance/central powers
germany, austria-hungary, and italy
47
triple entente/allied powers
france, russia, and britian
48
militarism
when their is importance in the military
49
zimmerman note
a secret note issued by Germany.. their plan to quickly win ww1
50
causes of ww1
mania: military, allies, imperialism, nationalism, and advancements
51
treaty of brest-litovsk
a treaty that let russia out of the war
52
bolsheviks
swept to power and immediately sought to have peace with germany
53
first battle of the marne
the very first battle of ww1
54
schlieffen plan
frances plan to invade germany
55
propaganda
employed on a global scale
56
total war
involved a lot of people, more than ever seen before
57
neutrality
not being in favor of either side
58
purpose of the treaty of versailles
to make peace with the allies and germany
59
armenian genocide
the turks were trying to knock out Armenians
60
the league of nations goal
was to resolve international disputes
61
war guilt clause
forced germany and the central powers to take blame for ww1
62
trench warfare
a type of fighting where you fight in a trench
63
treaty of versailles role in hitlers rise to power
germany was in a "depression" from having to pay reperations (which the treat of versailles made them pay) so since hitler refused to pay them it made germany want him as their leader
64
ww1 techonology
u-boats, zeppelins, machine guns, flame throwers, tanks, and poisonous gases
65
causes of the march revolution
russias massive defeats during ww1 and food and fuel shortages plus the governments low confidence
66
nazi rise to power
after trying to rise to power illegally they decided to try and do it legally and they rose to power
67
purpose of stalins purges
so stalin could get rid of any potential threats
68
purpose of stalins show trials
to make stalins "threats" even more punished than they already are by opening their trials to the public
69
fascism
authorization authorized by a dictatorial party
70
adolf hitler
leader of the nazis
71
benito mussolini
italian politican- created the national facist party
72
totalitarianism
a government that is centralized and dictorial
73
joesph stalin
soviet politican and he was a communist
74
kristallnacht
the night of the broken glass-- nazis broke all the windows and destroyed all the shops owned by jews or places of warships
75
nuremberg laws
anti-semitisic racist laws that were enacted by germany
76
beer hall putsch
the nazis failed attempt to seize power
77
stalins 5 year plans
goals to increase industrialization, improve transportation, and increase the food supply

World History (1 decks)

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