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Grade 11 Exam Reviews > World Relgion Grade 11 Exam > Flashcards

World Relgion Grade 11 Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Theistic

A

A religion that believes in a God

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2
Q

Non-Theistic

A

A religion that believes in no God

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3
Q

Atheist

A

God doesn’t exsist

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4
Q

Agnostic

A

God may exist

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5
Q

Monotheistic

A

Belief in 1 God

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6
Q

Polytheistic

A

Belief in many Gods

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7
Q

Animist

A

Belief that all objects/creatures have a soul

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8
Q

Mysticism

A

Tranquil and at peace

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9
Q

Cosmology

A

Origins of the universe

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10
Q

Jewish Holy books

A

Torah, Tanak, Talmud

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11
Q

Judaism:

Torah

A

Defines worship and ethical duty, “law or instruction”, contains first 5 books of Jewish scriptures (old Testament)

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12
Q

Jewish Sects

A

Orthodox Jews:

  • oldest and largest group
  • very religious and conservative
  • kosur foods only

Reform Jews:

  • Liberal branch
  • Believes Mosaic laws must not be followed too literally
  • Begun to ordain female rabbis

Conservative Jews:

  • Middle group between Orthodox and Reform Jews
  • Try to apply Jewish tradition to modern life
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13
Q

Judaism:

Shema

A

Jewish Creed - Most used creed/prayer in Judaism

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14
Q

Judaism:

Zionism

A

The desire for the state of Israel for Jews

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15
Q

Judaism:

Yahweh (YHWH)

A

Jewish name for Jesus

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16
Q

Judaism:

Wailing Wall

A

Judaism: Destruction of the temple

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17
Q

Judaism:

Holocaust

A

6 million Jews killed off

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18
Q

Judaism:

Menorah

A

Perpetually burning candle to remember the temple

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19
Q

Judaism:

Shofar

A

Ram’s horn trumpet sounded at Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur

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20
Q

Judaism:

Abraham

A
  • God made a covenant with Abraham
  • He was about 75 when God said go to our land and I will bless you and make it great
  • God tests Abraham’s faith by commanding him to sacrifice his only son to which he obeys
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21
Q

Judaism:

Moses

A
  • Moses became a prophet because an angel came to him in a burning bush
  • Moses brought us the 10 commandments
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22
Q

Jewish Festivals

A

Rosh Hashanah(Jewish New Year)-September/October-2days: sounding of shofar and praying for God’s blessing and protection

Yom Kippur(Day of Atonement)-September/October-1day: fasting and seeking reconciliation with God

Hanukkah(Jewish Christmas)-November/December-8days: synagogue, lighting of the menorah and gift giving

Pesach(Liberation from Egyptian Slavery)-March/April-7-8days: readings from the Haggadah, eating passover seder meal and synagogue

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23
Q

Islam:

Qur’an

A

The message revealed to Muhammad from Allah through the angel Gabriel

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24
Q

Islam:

Hijab

A

A scarf worn by muslim women that allows the women to retain their modesty, morals and freedom of choice they believe that it is liberating and allows them to avoid harassment

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25
Q

Islam:

Jihad

A
  • a war or struggle against unbelievers

- means struggle, not necessarily holy war

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26
Q

Islam:

Umma

A

Islam:

The muslim community as a whole

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27
Q

Islam:

Caliph

A

A religious and political figure in the Islamic community

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28
Q

Divisions of Islam

A

Sunnis:

  • believe the Caliph must be a member of Muhammad’s tribe
  • Sunnis elect the Caliph

Shias:
-believe Muhammad intended to establish a hereditary line of religious leaders to teach and guide the faithful descendants through

Sufi:

  • wear wool as a sign of poverty
  • special brotherhoods that seek direct illumination from God by practises such as meditation or prolonged fasting
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29
Q

5 Pillars of Islam

A

Shahada (Creed)- “There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah”

Salat (Prayer)- ritual praise and adoration of God that Muslims say 5 times a day. Holy day- Friday

Zakat (Almsgiving)- Muslims give to those in need, 2.5% of wealth to charity

Sawm (Fasting)- During month of Ramadan

Hajj (Pilgrimage)- To those who can afford or healthy to make the trip to Kaaba in Mecca

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30
Q

Islam: Sin and final judgement

A
  • Judgement day at end of time, ushered in by Jesus
  • Dead will rise up and be judged according to their actions on Earth
  • No one will escape judgment
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31
Q

Islam Sects

A

Sunni - Muslims who believe that the community leaders do not have to have to be descended from the Prophet

Shi’ite - Muslims who believe that the leadership of the Muslim community should be passed down through direct descendants of the Prophet

32
Q

Islam:

Muhammad

A
  • born in Mecca 570CE
  • received his first revelation 610CE
  • left for Medina (famous flight hegira) 622CE
  • dies in Mecca 632CE
33
Q

Christianity: Life of Jesus/ Pope Vicar of Christ

A
  • Jesus came from a small village called Nazareth in the region of Galilee
  • Around 28 CE, he travelled to the Jordan River to be baptized by his cousin, a prophet known as John the Baptist
  • After his baptism, Jesus went to Galilee and began a ministry of healing and preaching
  • On the third day after his death, some women followers went to his tomb to anoint his body, as was custom of the time, and the tomb was empty
  • The disciples began to spread this message in Jerusalem and soon in all major cities of the Roman Empire, from their preaching Christianity was born
  • Jesus was condemned to death in the year 30 CE
34
Q

Hinduism:

Brahman

A

Heaven

35
Q

Hinduism:

Atman

A

A person’s soul or spiritual side

36
Q

Hinduism:

Samsara

A

The cycle of rebirth

37
Q

Hinduism:

Moksha

A

Release from rebirths

38
Q

Hinduism:

Karma

A

Good and bad consequences reflecting your actions. What goes around comes around

39
Q

Hinduism:

Darma

A

Ethical duty. What you should be doing

40
Q

Hinduism:

Maya

A

Everything is an illusion

41
Q

Hinduism:

Brahma

A

God
the creator
-4 faces (4 cardinal directions)
-wears all white

42
Q

Hinduism:

Vishnu

A

the preserver

  • blue skin, yellow clothes
  • descends to the Earth as human to save the world from danger
  • incarnations of deity are called avatars
43
Q

Hinduism:

Shiva

A

the destroyer/redeemer

  • destroys sins and leads to redemption
  • wears tiger loin cloth and snake collar
44
Q

Hinduism: Caste System

A

Brahmins - priests
Kshatriyas - defenders of the realm and rulers
Vaishyas - skilled traders, merchants, farmers, artists
Sudras - unskilled workers
Dalits (Outcasts) - “untouchables” poop cleaners

45
Q

Hinduism: Stages of Life

A

Stage 1: Student
Age: 7 to 20
Focus: religious education and a willingness to search for the truth

Stage 2: Householder
Age: 20 to 50
Focus: duty to family, raising children, earning a living

Stage 3: Semi-retired
Age: when family is self supporting
Focus: retreat from worldly life, focus on spiritual matters

Stage 4: Wandering ascetic
Age: when ready
Focus: holy, detached life, with no possessions or responsibilities

46
Q

Hinduism:

Bhagavad Gita

A

A sacred Hindu story about Prince Arjuna and Krishna, is the most popular Hindu text

47
Q

Hinduism:

Ganges River

A

It’s believe that bathing in the river causes liberation from the cycle of life and death

48
Q

Buddhism:

Metta

A

Unconditional love

49
Q

Buddhism:

3 Universal Truths

A

Anicca - Impermanence, nothing is permanent

Dukka - Suffering, all living involves suffering

Anatta - Not self, no permanent identity/existence

50
Q

Divisions of Buddhism

A

Mahayama Buddhism: Accepted new changes and new teachings especially as Buddhism spread to new countries

Theravada Buddhism: Remained close to the original teachings of Gautama

51
Q

Buddhism:

Nirvana

A

Complete peace and serenity reached by following the eightfold path

52
Q

Buddhism:

Dukkha

A

All living involves suffering

53
Q

Buddhism:

Sangha

A

Buddhist community of monks, nuns, novices, and laity

54
Q

Buddhism:

Mantras

A

Something repeated over and over again. Ex, a prayer or hymn

55
Q

Buddhism:

Mandalas

A

A geometric figure representing the universe in Buddhist symbolism.

56
Q

Buddhism:

Dalai Lama

A

The spiritual head of Tibetan Buddhism and, until the establishment of Chinese communist rule, the spiritual and temporal ruler of Tibet.

57
Q

Buddhism: 4 Noble Truths

A

The four central beliefs containing the essence of Buddhist teaching

58
Q

Buddhism: Eightfold Path

A

8 rules that are followed to reach Nirvana that are linked to the 4 noble truths

59
Q

Buddhism:

Middle Way

A

Finding a balance between extremities of indulgence and asceticism. The eightfold path helps guide people to live the middle way

60
Q

Buddhism:

Precepts

A

A general rule intended to regulate behavior or thought

61
Q

Buddhism:

Dharma

A

Cosmic law and order

62
Q

Buddhism:

Karma

A

Good and bad consequences reflecting your actions. What goes around comes around

63
Q

Buddhism:

4 Passing Sights

A
  • Old Age
  • Sickness
  • Death
  • Asceticism
64
Q

Christianity: The Gospels and the New Testament

A
  • The New Testament is 27 books consisting of the gospels, the book of revelation, the letter to the Hebrews, Acts of the Apostles, 13 Letters and the Seven Catholic Letters
  • The Gospels are 4 ‘books’ written by Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, each writing about Jesus from a different perspective
65
Q

Christianity:

Nicene Creed

A

Outline of Catholic beliefs created by the council Nicaea

66
Q

Christianity:

Early Church

A
  • The early Christian church is from the resurrection of Jesus until the First Council of Nicaea in 325.
  • Many Christian were put to death for following the way of Jesus.
  • It started out really small and spread like crazy
67
Q

Christianity:

Medieval Church

A

How the church survived after Rome fell:

  • The structure of the Church (priest, bishops, pope etc.)
  • Role of the scriptures
  • The theology of St.Augustine
  • Monasteries in the West
68
Q

Christianity:

Modern World

A
  • There are many different types of Christian churches, many which have contradicting beliefs
  • The Catholic church tries to eliminate conflict through ecumenism
69
Q

Christianity:

Luther

A
  • Luther rejected the authority of the Pope. He suggested that the Bible alone should be the guide for Christian life, and that German Christians did not need to listen (or pay taxes) to the Pope in Italy.
  • Luther also disagreed with the idea that priests were needed to approach God on behalf of the people. Rather, he proposed a priesthood of all believers, saying that people could communicate with God directly. (ex, people would talk directly to God for reconciliation instead of to a priest)
  • Luther insisted that the church should use the common language of the people, and not Latin as was the practice in the Roman Catholic tradition. As a result, Luther led Mass in German and even translated the entire Bible into this European language.
70
Q

Christianity:

Henry VIII

A
  • It was under the rule of King Henry VIII that England broke away from Rome and went from being a Catholic nation under the authority of the pope to a protestant nation with the king as head of the Church of England.
  • In 1530, King Henry VIII wanted his marriage with Catherine of Aragon to be declared invalid so that he could marry Anne Boleyn. When the pope denied his request, Henry declared himself the head of the Church of England and dismantled the connections between Rome and England.
71
Q

Christianity:

St.Augustine

A
  • One of the reasons that Christianity that the church survived the fall of Rome due to his teachings
  • He created a vision of Christian life that allowed people to endure the fall of the Western Empire and look towards the future
72
Q

Divisions of Christianity

A

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73
Q

Christianity:

Ecumenical Councils of Nicaea, Trent, Vatican II & St.John XXIII

A

Councils that gathered different churches, such as Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant churches, to bring churches that have gone astray back to the Catholic church

There has been 21 councils held in church history

74
Q

Christian Beliefs: Trinity

A

The word “Trinity” describes the belief in Christian theology that the one God of the universe is comprised of three persons: the God the Father, the Son, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Spirit.

75
Q

Christian Beliefs: Incarnation

A

The incarnation is that event where the second person of the Trinity, Jesus, became flesh and dwelt among us. He is God in Flesh.

76
Q

Christian Beliefs: Resurrection

A

Christ rising from the dead

77
Q

How is Christianity influence by Judaism?

A

Christianity is influenced by Judaism because they follow the same belief except that Judaism doesn’t believe in the New Testament

Grade 11 Exam Reviews (5 decks)

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