Wound Classification Flashcards
(34 cards)
What are clinical considerations of wound management?
- anatomic location, mechanism of trauma, degree of contamination, duration of injury
How does anatomic location influence the severity of a wound?
degree of tissue disruption, supporting structure injury, joint involvement
What are the different mechanisms of trauma?
- laceration, avulsion or degloving, puncture, blunt trauma, thermal burns, chemical burns, gunshot, HBC, international harvester, septic injury
What is a laceration?
- direct anatomic disruption w/ little collateral injury
What is an avulsion or degloving?
- direct tissue loss w/ collateral damage
what is a puncture wound?
- the extent of the injury can be undetermined
- they can be predisposed to infection (bite wounds)
- or predisposed to foreign bodies (non-healing draining tracts)
what is blunt trauma?
- massive soft tissue injury w/ severe skeletal damage
what are thermal burns?
- typically from fire (smoke inhalation, protein loss, sepsis)
- oncology patients (radiation injury)
what are chemical burns?
- direct & collateral tissue injuries
- can be caused by things like serum scald, chronic D+, iatrogenic injury, & copper toxicity
What are the two types of gun shot wounds & what kind of trauma do they cause?
- low velocity (tumbling phenomenon)
- high velocity (shockwave collateral damage & exit wound)
gunshot wounds have significant contamination
What kind of wound is a HBC?
- high energy injury w/ frequent collateral energy
- need to evaluate all major body systems
wound caused by an international harvester?
massive injury, usually multiple
What can cause vascular injury?
a cast complication
What can cause septic injury?
Clostridial Myositis
What are the factors that affect surgical site infections?
- classification of wounds, patient related factors, procedure related factors
How are wounds classified?
- clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated, dirty
What are examples of clean wounds?
exploratory laparotomy, ovariohysterectomy, castration
What are important factors of a clean wound?
- elective procedure, aseptic technique, no viscus (organ) violated, no drain
What are the infection rates for a clean surgery?
- humans (1-5%)
- dogs & cats (2-4.9%)
When are prophylactic antibiotics used in clean surgeries?
- inexperienced surgeons or to target likely pathogens
What are examples of clean-contaminated surgeries?
- small intestinal resection, enterotomy, respiratory
what are causes of a clean-contaminated surgery?
- anything respiratory, minimal contamination from a hollow viscous organ, or perforation of a surgical glove
what is the infection rate of a clean-contaminated surgery?
humans (3-11%)
dogs & cats (3.5-4.5%)
When would we use prophylactic antibiotics for a clean-contaminated surgery?
to target likely pathogens
