Wrist

Question 1

bones of the wrist proximal to distal and lateral to medial

Answer 1

scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
(some lovers try positions that they cant handle)

Question 2

is the ulnar medial or lateral?

Answer 2

medial

Question 3

what is a sesamoid bone?

Answer 3

bone within a tendon

Question 4

what is the function of a sesamoid bone

Answer 4

help reduce friction and produce a tunnel for proximal structures to pass to the distal region of the bone within a tendon

Question 5

what is the key forearm bone that is involved in flexion at the wrist

Answer 5

radius - ulnar not involved at all - no articulation (opposite to the elbow)

Question 6

what bone does the radius articulate onto at the wrist

Answer 6

scaphoid and lunate

Question 7

bones of the hand (general)

Answer 7

carpals (wrist)
metacarpals
phalanges (proximal, middle and distal)

Question 8

what is the largest bone in the wrist

Answer 8

the capitate bone

Question 9

what forms the floor of the anatomical snuffbox

Answer 9

scaphoid

Question 10

what is the function of the flexor retinaculum of the wrist

Answer 10

holds down the tendons and median nerve - stopping them from bowing upwards

Question 11

what is carpel tunnel syndrom

Answer 11

compression of the median nerve of the wrist

Question 12

what is the retinaculum of the wrist made up of

Answer 12

deep fascia

Question 13

what are the first and last wrist bones to ossify

Answer 13

first = capitate)
last = pisiform

Question 14

which bone of the wrist is a sesamoid bone? and which tendon is it within

Answer 14

pisiform - within the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 15

at what age do the bones of the wrist start to ossify

Answer 15

first one around 2nd year of birth

Question 16

2 joints of the wrist

Answer 16

radiocarpal (between radius and scaphoid and lunate)

intercarpal/midcarpal

Question 17

what are the 2 movements at the radiocarpal and which dominates over the other

Answer 17

flexion/extension - more flexion

radial/ulnar deviation - more ulnar

Question 18

which bone of the wrist is not involved in the intercarpal joints

Answer 18

pisiform

Question 19

which movements of the intercarpal joints dominate over the other?

Answer 19

extension>flexion

radial deviation>ulnar

Question 20

what is the main articulation of the intercarpal joints

Answer 20

between capitate and scaphoid+lunate

Question 21

which bone of the wrist takes the majority of the force taken in a fall

Answer 21

capitate

Question 22

function of the radiocarpal ligaments

Answer 22

• transmit vessels to carpal bones

- prevent the carpal bones from sliding medially

Question 23

are there more palmar or dorsal radiocarpal ligaments

Answer 23

palmar

Question 24

what is the arching ligament of the palmar side of the wrist called

Answer 24

radio-scapho-lunate ligament

Question 25

what is the only tendon that attaches to the carpals

Answer 25

flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 26

where do the tendons that provide flexion and extension bind to

Answer 26

the distal bones of the hand (only the flexor carpi ulnaris binds to the carpals)

Question 27

what is the most common fracture of the upper limb

Answer 27

distal radius (with clavicle)

Question 28

what is the most frequently fractured carpal bone

Answer 28

scaphoid

Question 29

what is the most commonly subluxed bone of the wrist

Answer 29

lunate

Question 30

where is the point of fracture usually for the scaphoid bone

Answer 30

across the waist

Question 31

what is a consequence of fracturing the scaphoid bone

Answer 31

avascular necrosis of the proximal pole of the scaphoid

Question 32

3 main joints of the hand

Answer 32

carpometacarpal (of thumb) - saddle metacarpophalangeal interphalangeal

Question 33

movements of the metacarpophalangeal joint

Answer 33

flexion/extension | abduction/adduction

Question 34

movements of the interphalangeal joints

Answer 34

flexion/extension

Question 35

movement of the carpometacarpal joint

Answer 35

allows opposition of the thumb

Question 36

function of the deep transverse metacarpal ligament

Answer 36

links metacarpals 2-5

Question 37

what is the shape of the condyloid joints

Answer 37

convex head of metacarpal with concave base of phalanx | greater articular surface of head of metacarpal compared to phalanx

Question 38

function of the volar plate

Answer 38

expands surface area for articulation

Question 39

where are the volar plates

Answer 39

at metacarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints

Question 40

what is a Palmar interphalangeal joint injury and what is the outcome

Answer 40

site of injury on inferior side of joint - injuring volar plate --> Swan neck deformity - -> compensatory flexion of distal phalangeal joint - -> hyperextension of medial phalangeal joint

Question 41

what is a dorsal interphalangeal joint injury and what is the coucome

Answer 41

injury to dorsal plate (superior side of the joint) | --> compensatory hyperextension of distal phalangeal joint and flexion of medial phalangeal joint