writing Flashcards

1
Q

Completely developed, trained or established

A

Full-fledged

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2
Q

More than Enough

A

Ample (time/ evidence/ opportunity)

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3
Q

Way, method

A

Means ( a means of - two means of )

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4
Q

Possible ممکن و احتمالی / از قطعیت جمله کم میکنه. قبل از اسم ها در در بادی به کار بیرین.

A

Potential

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5
Q

Absorb

A

If something engrosses you, it is so interesting that you give it all your attention: Engross

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6
Q

something that controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits:
محدودیت های مالی

A

Constraint ( financial constraints)

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7
Q

something that controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits:
محدودیت های مالی

A

Constraint ( financial constraints)
Budget constraints

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8
Q

Something that is mandatory must be done, or is demanded by law:

A

Mandatory/ mandatory social conventions

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9
Q

a usual or accepted way of behaving, especially in social situations, often following an old way of thinking or a custom in one particular society:

A

Social conventions

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10
Q

تعیین کننده

A

A determining factor

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11
Q

Being partly responsible for

A

Causative factor/ contributing factor/ —-tends to bring about

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12
Q

compels you to agree with its logic –– it’s irresistible.

A

Compelling argument

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13
Q

Clothes

A

Attire

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14
Q

to behave according to the usual standards of behaviour that are expected by a group or society:

A

Conform to some established conventions

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15
Q

to remove or take away someone or something:

A

Eliminate (language barrier)

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16
Q

Immigrants

A

Expatriates

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17
Q

Disagree

A

I completely disagree with the given assertion on the basis of some compelling reasons.

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18
Q

a strong opinion or belief:

A

It is my firm conviction that

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19
Q

to remove a difficulty, especially so that action to deal with it becomes unnecessary:

A

Obviate the need to

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20
Q

to perform or complete a job or activity; to fulfill:

A

Carry out (daily tasks)

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21
Q

Causing harm or damage

A

Detrimental (to)
Deleterious (effects)

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22
Q

To make it easier for a process or activity to happen

A

Facilitie

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23
Q

Achieve a particular aim به درد چیزی خوردن

A

Serve a purpose (serve a useful purpose)

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24
Q

to experience something that is unpleasant or has a strong effect:
محتمل یا دستخوش چیزی شدن

A

Undergo tests/surgery/treatment/a change

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25
Q

to use a particular object, method, skill , etc. for a particular purpose:

A

Employ

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26
Q

موضوع بحث‌انگیز

A

Contentious topic

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27
Q

Something that has a great influence on many people or things:

A

Far-reaching

affecting many people or things : having a wide range or influence. The court issued a far-reaching decision. The theory has far-reaching implications for the future of the planet.

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28
Q

when all factors are taken into consideration

A

On balance,

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29
Q

To be the reason why something happens

A

Account for

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30
Q

A person who is guilty of a crime or doing something wrong

A

Culprit

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31
Q

Busy lifestyle

A

Hectic lifestyle

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32
Q

The state of being in prison, or the time someone spends there, حبس

A

Imprisonment

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33
Q

Tourists

A

Holidaymakers

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34
Q

Danger

A

Jeopardy

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35
Q

Full of activity or energy, lively

A

Vibrant

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36
Q

Likely to do something or suffer from something درمعرض چیزی بودن

A

Prone to

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37
Q

To be the reason why something happens esp bad

A

Give rise to something

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38
Q

Attractive or interesting

A

Appealing (unappealing)

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39
Q

To move to a different place

A

Relocate to

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40
Q

a person who lives in a city, town, cave, etc

A

City dwellers

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41
Q

something that encourages a person to do something:

A

Incentive

Tax incentives have been very effective in encouraging people to save and invest more of their income.

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42
Q

تعهدات شغلی

A

Work commitments

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43
Q

Giving solutions

A

-to remedy the situation
-to tackle this issue
-one possible solution is for—— to consider —-
-authorities can come forward with viable solutions to address the situation effectively

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44
Q

prevent (someone or something) from approaching or having an effect. محدود کردن

A

Keep at bay
Prohibitive regulations can be enforced to make sure that the negative aspects are kept at bay.
Confine

45
Q

Put into effect

A

Implement policies

46
Q

concerning; in respect of.

A

As regards
As regards the root causes

47
Q

cause something to happen.

A

Bring about
The irremediable problems brought about by ….

48
Q

Needing or wanting something very much

A

Desperate

49
Q

To accept a difficult or unpleasant responsibility

A

Shoulder the responsibility/ cost / burden

50
Q

ایجاد حس بهتری از سلامتی

A

Develop a greater sense of well being

51
Q

self-analysis

A

Introspection

52
Q

Positive development

A

Beneficial, advantageous

53
Q

To have an extremely strong desire for something تمایل زیاد داشتن

A

Crave
Ex. To crave attention

As does everyone else, they crave dignity, respect, and a sense that their labor is valuable.

54
Q

A promise to do something or to behave in a part way.

A

Commitment

55
Q

صرفنطر از

A

Irrespective of something: regardless of ..

They sought to support family carers irrespective of their ethnic background.

56
Q

to form an opinion or guess that something is true because of the information that you have:

A

Infer
What do you infer from her refusal?
[ + that ] I inferred from her expression that she wanted to leave.

57
Q

Some people say that

A

There is an opinion asserting that

58
Q

A lot can be understood

A

A lot can be inferred

59
Q

It can give us ideas about

A

It can provide us with insights into

60
Q

Visitors, tourists

A

Holidaymakers

61
Q

Evidence

A

Suggests that

62
Q

More and more

A

A growing number of

63
Q

More than ever

A

More than any other time in the history of mankind

64
Q

Regardless of

A

Irrespective of

65
Q

Encourage or promote the growth of something

A

To foster
It fosters a rich exchange of ideas.

66
Q

Fall in the value of a company

A

Dilution
A dilution of standards
Dilution of educational quality

67
Q

To limit the ability of sb to do sth, to limit the development of sth

A

Hinder
A poor diet can hinder mental growth.

68
Q

Accept parts of both things in order to satisfy some of the demands of both sides in an argument. توارن برقرار کردن

A

To strike a balance between sth and sth
It is essential to strike a balance between providing equal opportunities and maintaining academic standards.

69
Q

To satisfy a need or to provide what is needed by a particular person

A

Cater to sb/sth
To cater to diverse academic abilities and career aspirations

70
Q

Money and possessions, for producing more wealth سرمایه

A

Capital

71
Q

اثرات مثبت سرریز

A

Positive spillover effects

72
Q

استثمار

A

Exploitation

73
Q

Labor in MNCs

A

Paying low wages
Disregarding labor rights
Exploiting cheap labor

74
Q

مقررات کار ضعیف

A

Weak labor regulations

75
Q

Negative environmental consequences

A

Deforestation, pollution, depletion of natural resources,

76
Q

چهارچوب قانونی

A

Regulatory frameworks

77
Q

Strong and unlikely to break

A

Robust
Robust regulations
Enforceable labor and environmental standards

78
Q

به حداقل رساندن

A

Minimize
Maximize

79
Q

تا بدرخشن

A

To excel in sth

80
Q

پرورش تخصص

A

Cultivate expertise

81
Q

To make something less harmful

A

Mitigate
To mitigate the effects of climate change

82
Q

Decrease pollution-related health issues

A

Preserve natural resources

83
Q

تنوع بخشیدن

A

Diversifying

84
Q

زخایر محدود سوخت فسیلی

A

Finite fossil fuel reserves

85
Q

هزینه بر

A

Costly

86
Q

Challenges

A

Pose challenges
Pose potential economic challenges

87
Q

Transition

A

Shift

88
Q

Make something happen sooner or faster

A

Accelerate
They use special chemicals to accelerate the growth of corps

89
Q

Honesty

A

Sincerity
Integrity

90
Q

Existing for a long time

A

Enduring
Stable

91
Q

The act of hiding the truth

A

Deception
He was found guilty of obtaining money by deception.

92
Q

To show sth that was hidden

A

Disclose
Allowing individuals to disclose information voluntarily and at their own pace can preserve trust and autonomy.

93
Q

Widening the gap

A

Bridging the gap

94
Q

The strength of relationships and the sense of solidarity among the members of a community

A

Social cohesion

95
Q

Attention

A

Sustain attention/ retain attention
Capture attention
Concentrate

96
Q

Prevent

A

Inhibit

97
Q

May seem

A

May appear

98
Q

پاسخگو باشن

A

Hold accountable
They serve as a tool to hold educational institutions accountable for student achievement

99
Q

A level of quality that can be used as a standard when comparing other things

A

Benchmark
Standardized tests provide a benchmark for students’ readiness to pursue higher education or enter the workforce.

100
Q

به قیمت چیزی تمام شدن

A

It should not come at the expense of….

101
Q

Efforts

A

Should be made to reduce excessive test-related stress and promote a supportive learning environment.

102
Q

Student individualized instruction

A

Student personalized instruction
Prioritizing student well-being and individualized instruction

103
Q

Fair

A

Equitable
Can lead to a more comprehensive and equitable educational system

104
Q

Complaint

A

Grievance

105
Q

Justice

A

Equity
Social justice
Democracy
Democratic societies

106
Q

Earn a living

A

Earn a livelihood

107
Q

The chance that sth will happen

A

The latest dispute greatly increases the likelihood of a strike.
Passion-driven careers are often associated with enthusiasm, and a higher likelihood of success

108
Q

Energy and determination to achieve things

A

Due to the inherent drive and dedication that comes with perusing something one truly loves.