WW1 Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
What are the 4 indirect causes of WW1
A
Nationalism
Alliance Systems
Imperialism
Militarism
2
Q
Define Nationalism
A
A feeling of deep loyalty to ones people and homeland. Some people willing to take any action to support their nation
3
Q
Who is The Black Hand
A
Serbian Terrorist group
4
Q
What did the Black Hand want to do
A
Wanted to free Bosnia and unite with Serbia to form one nation (“union or death”)
5
Q
Define Alliance Systems
A
Formed when countries band together against a common threat and pledge to support each other in times of war
6
Q
What does and an Alliance system create
A
Fear and suspicion between nations
7
Q
Define Imperialism
A
Establishing colonies away from the homeland and building of an empire
8
Q
Define Militarism
A
Belief in the power of strong armies and navies to decide issues
9
Q
What happens when country’s start to prepare for war
A
Leads to an Arms race
Each country tried to build bigger, more deadly weapons
Increased the size of armies and navies
10
Q
What must you do to guarantee peace?
A
Prepare for war
11
Q
What was the direct cause of WW1
A
The Assassination of Duke Ferdinand
12
Q
Who was Duke Ferdinand
A
Heir to the Austria-Hungary Throne
13
Q
On what date was the Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife Shopie were shot to death in Sarejevo
A
June 28, 1914
14
Q
Who killed Ferdinand and his wife
A
Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Black Hand
15
Q
What we’re the 3 main themes the government would use to try to convince men to go to war
A
- Make it sound exciting, and like an adventure
- Patriotic=to make people want to do it for their country, and feel obligated
- Necessary= make you feel like you should to make your family proud or for your girl
16
Q
How do you know that people in Europe were excited for the war
A
They were excited to represent their country and to be a hero
There were parades and people singing
Military’s were even turning people down at first
17
Q
Define propaganda
A
This is the process of persuading people to believe in a certain idea or set of ideas.
18
Q
What was the most effective way of getting messages out
A
Was by using catchy songs and images
19
Q
Give 3 examples of what posters were used for by the government
A
Convince men to go to war
To buy victory bonds
Free labour( to help out on the farm)
20
Q
Was there any discrimination in WW1 against native people
A
Yes, white people were seen as much “better” people and native people were only wanted for construction
21
Q
Who was Canada’s mother country
A
Britain
22
Q
Why we’re Canadians so willing to fight
A
Money, hero, thought it would be an adventure, support mother country
23
Q
What was Canada’s take on the war before it started and why
A
There were excited because they have never been in a war before so they didn’t know what it would actually be like
24
Q
What happened when Britain declared war on Germany
A
Canadians were happy to fight for them
25
Define a Trench
A defensive strategy that evolved naturally from the ditches dug to get out of the bullet line
26
The trench’s were linked together and spread across much of European continent what was this called and what did it become
A continuous front where entire countries became large battle fields
27
Trenches were __________ to defend than ____________, making frontal offensives _________
Easier
Attack
Suicidal
28
What hit Europe in 1915
Deadlock
29
Trench’s meant a war of attrition which....
Is a victory achieved by wearing down the enemy to the point of exhaustion
30
What is shell shock
Psychological damage when soldiers have been exposed to traumatic experiences
31
What we’re some of the conditions in a trench
Wet, cold and filthy
32
What were the Allies alone known as
The triple Entente
33
Who were the allies( triple entente)
Britain
France
Russia
34
Who was the central powers also know as
Triple alliance
35
Who was the central powers( triple alliance)
Germany
Italy
Austria- Hungary
36
Battle of Ypres took place in....
Belgium 1915
37
Give 3 facts about the battle of Ypres
First Canadian experience with trench warfare
First use of poison gas( chlorine and mustard gas)
Germans pushed forward and met their own gas and the Canadians!
38
Give 2 short term consequences of the battle of Ypres
British and Canadian troops fled and the line was held by the first Canadian division
Canadian troops suffered many casualties
39
Give 2 long term consequences of the battle of Ypres
Gas masks eventually became standard
Canadian army earned the reputation as “shock troops” for the British
40
When did the battle of Somme take place
France 1916
41
Give 3 facts about the battle of the Somme
Fought by only volunteer armies
The Somme river had no strategic significance
First time landships( tanks) were used by Britain
42
What is a landship
Tanks
43
Give 2 short term consequences of the battle of the Somme
Battle was a disaster ( tanks did not work) they just kept fighting and losing, huge waste of money and lives
Massive loss for Canadians
44
Give 2 examples of long term consequences of the battle of the Somme
The allies lied to the public about the battle( truth wasn’t revealed for a long time)
Began the idea of tank warfare to break the deadlock
45
When did the battle of vinyl ridge take place
France 1917
46
Give 3 examples of facts from the battle of battle of vimy ridge
Taking it would allow the Allies to hit German rail road network
Entire Canadian Corps fought
First time Canadians coast to coast collaborated for the same effort
47
Give one example of a short term consequence of the battle of vimy ridge
Clear cut victory- source of national pride
48
Give one example of a long term consequence of the battle of Vimy Ridge
“ Canada became a nation on the slopes of Vimy Ridge”
49
When did the battle of Passchendaele take place
Belgium 1917
50
Give 2 examples of facts from the battle of Passchendaele
Soil is important to military operations and the lives of soldiers
Downpoured- battle field became a muddy mess
51
Give 1 example of a short term consequence of the battle of Passchendaele
Canada finally took and held the village of Passchendaele( only for 3 weeks)
52
Give 1 example of a long term consequence of the battle of Passchendaele
The last time the Allied soldiers agreed to fight this style of the battle- British and French armies were on the verge of collapsing
53
Define primary source
A document or physical object which was written or crates during the time under study. These sources were present during an experience or time period and offer an inside view of a particular
54
Give 3 examples of a primary source
Diary
Poetry
Clothing
55
Give 1 example of a secondary source
Textbook
56
Who first hit upon the idea of bombing civilians
Germany
57
How did Machine guns change the role of air planes
They became a weapon
58
What was the problem with shooter planes
They were slow and unsafe
59
What was the average life span of a pilot
3 weeks( they did not carry parachutes)
60
Define a dogfight
Meetings between enemy aircrafts
61
What did you have to do to be considered and ace
Shot down 5 enemy air crafts
62
What we’re England and Germany in a naval race for
Building Dread Naughts
63
What was the only major naval battle
Battle of Jutland 1916
64
What does U- boat mean
Under sea boat ( submarine)
65
What brought the USA into the war and what year
1917
The Germans sunk the luxury Lusitania ( USA ship) and over 1000 people died
66
What was a result of the Germany U-boat campaign
Britain started to send supply ships in convoys
67
Define a convoy
A convoy is a large group of navy and merchant ships that sail together for protection
68
What happens in Halifax 1917
2 ships collided in the Halifax Harbour
All buildings in 5km2 area destroyed
2000 dead and 9000 injured
69
Define Total War
When ALL aspects of a nation become involved in the war effort
70
Explain the military service act
This made it law that all young men were forced to join the armed forces
71
What is the military service act called
Conscription
72
Who put the military service act in place
Robert Borden
73
T or f....
| Many people supported conscription and many people opposed
True
74
What 3 things did Borden do in order to win the election
Have women the right to vote
He gave men over seas the right to vote
And he took the right away to vote from enemy aliens
75
Who were the 3 groups of people with Borden
Armed forces
Women
English speaking Canadians
76
Who were the 3 groups of people against Borden
Enemy aliens
Pacifists
French speaking Canadians
77
Give 3 reasons for why Borden made the right decision
He needs to support the men on the front lines
It helped win/ end the war
Needed to keep promise to Britain of supplying men
78
What is an Enemy alien
An immigrant living in Canada, who are from the nations that Canada is at war with
79
How were enemy aliens treated
Held in Labour camps and were over worked
Treated with no respect/ looked down upon
There homes and business were vandalized
80
How much money did the war cost Canada
Over 1 billion
81
How did the government pay for the war
Selling victory bonds, produced more products and sold lots, government introduced income tax
82
Give 3 examples of jobs women did on the front lines
Nurses
Flew in materials
Ambulance drivers
83
Give 3 examples of jobs women did at home
Worked in factories
Teachers
Farmers
84
What happened to women after the war
They were seen as more helpful/ valued
Women starting working outside the house and making their own money
85
How many casualties did both sides suffer at the end of the war
About 30 million
86
T or F
Germany the loser of the war, was aloud to participate in the making of the peace treaty.
False
87
What was the Allies main goal when it came to the peace treaty
To cripple Germany so that they could never make war again
88
What was the treaty called
The Versailles Treaty
89
Give the first 3 rules in the Versailles’s treaty
1. the French took German territory west of the Rhine river and could keep troops in the Rhineland ( industrial) area of Germany
2. German territory was taken away to build new European countries
3. Their German army was limited to 100 000 men and Germany could not have an Air Force or submarines
90
Give the last 2 rules in the treaty of Versailles
1. Germany must give a cash payment to the Allies for all the war damage it caused( the bill was more money in the entire world at the time)
2. Germany was to agree that they were guilty of starting WW1( “ war guilt cause”)
91
Give 2 examples of defensive weapons
Convoy
| Machine guns
92
What was the average life span of a pilot
3 weeks( they did not carry parachutes)
93
Define a dogfight
Meetings between enemy aircrafts
94
What did you have to do to be considered and ace
Shot down 5 enemy air crafts
95
What we’re England and Germany in a naval race for
Building Dread Naughts
96
What was the only major naval battle
Battle of Jutland 1916
97
What does U- boat mean
Under sea boat ( submarine)
98
What brought the USA into the war and what year
1917
The Germans sunk the luxury Lusitania ( USA ship) and over 1000 people died
99
What was a result of the Germany U-boat campaign
Britain started to send supply ships in convoys
100
Define a convoy
A convoy is a large group of navy and merchant ships that sail together for protection
101
What happens in Halifax 1917
2 ships collided in the Halifax Harbour
All buildings in 5km2 area destroyed
2000 dead and 9000 injured
102
Define Total War
When ALL aspects of a nation become involved in the war effort
103
Explain the war measures act
This law gives the government the power to enter all aspects of Canadian lives( first issued by Prime Minister Robert Borden)
104
Explain the military service act
This made it law that all young men were forced to join the armed forces
105
What is the military service act called
Conscription
106
Who put the military service act in place
Robert Borden
107
T or f....
| Many people supported conscription and many people opposed
True
108
What 3 things did Borden do in order to win the election
Have women the right to vote
He gave men over seas the right to vote
And he took the right away to vote from enemy aliens
109
Who were the 3 groups of people with Borden
Armed forces
Women
English speaking Canadians
110
Who were the 3 groups of people against Borden
Enemy aliens
Pacifists
French speaking Canadians
111
Give 3 reasons for why Borden made the right decision
He needs to support the men on the front lines
It helped win/ end the war
Needed to keep promise to Britain of supplying men
112
What is an Enemy alien
An immigrant living in Canada, who are from the nations that Canada is at war with
113
How were enemy aliens treated
Held in Labour camps and were over worked
Treated with no respect/ looked down upon
There homes and business were vandalized
114
How much money did the war cost Canada
Over 1 billion
115
How did the government pay for the war
Selling victory bonds, produced more products and sold lots, government introduced income tax
116
Give 3 examples of jobs women did on the front lines
Nurses
Flew in materials
Ambulance drivers
117
Give 3 examples of jobs women did at home
Worked in factories
Teachers
Farmers
118
What happened to women after the war
They were seen as more helpful/ valued
Women starting working outside the house and making their own money
119
How many casualties did both sides suffer at the end of the war
About 30 million
120
T or F
Germany the loser of the war, was aloud to participate in the making of the peace treaty.
False
121
What was the Allies main goal when it came to the peace treaty
To cripple Germany so that they could never make war again
122
What was the treaty called
The Versailles Treaty
123
Give the first 3 rules in the Versailles’s treaty
1. the French took German territory west of the Rhine river and could keep troops in the Rhineland ( industrial) area of Germany
2. German territory was taken away to build new European countries
3. Their German army was limited to 100 000 men and Germany could not have an Air Force or submarines
124
Give the last 2 rules in the treaty of Versailles
1. Germany must give a cash payment to the Allies for all the war damage it caused( the bill was more money in the entire world at the time)
2. Germany was to agree that they were guilty of starting WW1( “ war guilt cause”)
125
Give 3 examples of offensive weapons
Bombs
Shooter planes
Landships
