WW1 and Treaty of Versailles Flashcards
(27 cards)
Triple Entente
The countries that made it up were, France, Britain and Russia. This included colonies of these countries like Canada. The USA joined later.
Triple Alliance
That countries that made it up were, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy temporarily, Ottoman empire
Geography of Europe - location of WW1 influencing nations
four countries
- Britain is an island off the Western side
- France borders Germany and Italy. Western border of France is a coast.
- Germany borders Austria and Russia on the Eastern front and Belgium on the Western
-Austria-Hungary borders Serbia and the Balkans on the south-eastern front and Russia on the Eastern
Isolationism
Post waterloo British police of isolating from other countries
Moroccan Crisis
- Wilhelm wants to expand German influence into Morocco by sending dreadnoughts/ships
- In order to back France, Britian sends their Navy to morocco
- Stregnthen bond between France and Britain
Militarism
- Increased military spending
- Increased conscription
- Naval race
Mobilisation
- Getting military stuff to front lines
- Through boats, trains, walking
Two Power Standard
- British naval policy
- Their navy has to be bigger than any two other navies combined
Schleiffen Plan and it’s flaws
- Germany’s plan to win ww1 by not fighting on two fronts
- Tried to curve around French front lines at Alsace
FLAWS - Treaty of London, 1820 - Belgium neutrality threatened - Britain must intervene
- Belgium resisted more than expected - slowed down German troops
- Unreliable trains - slowed down mobilisation
- No plan b
The powderkeg
- Tension in the Balkans - Montenegro, Greece, Serbia, Romania
- Serbs lived in southern Austria-Hungary - Serbia wanted to defeat ottoman empire
July crisis chronologie
- Austria annexes Bosnia-Hersegovina
- Austria Archduke - France Ferdinande - assinated by Serbian Gavrilllo Princip - Black Hand
- Austria and Germany sign blank cheque agreement - Germany will defend Austria if Russia atacks
FOUR. Austria issues ultimatum on Serbia
FIVE. Austria declares war on Serbia - Russia mobilises troops in support of Serbia
- Germnay issues ultimatum to France to not support Russia - France ignores
- Germany declares war on France w/ Schleiffen
NINE. 1830 treaty of London - Britain declares war on Germany - WW1 begins
Attrition
Kill so many people that oppostion is incapabel of fighting
Verdun, The Somme, Passchendaele
All battles of Attrition
1 million casualtes
chemical weapons
Pals
British recruitement strategy - extremely effective
-sign up with your pals
-whole neighborhoods would sign up
Reasons for each country entering the war
look on sheet
Wilson’s fourteen points
-No secret alliances
-Disarmament
-Alsace Lorraine returned
-creation of poland
-general association of nations - league of nations
Clemenceau’s post war perspective
Self-Determination
- Key point in Wilson’s fourteen
- people should have right to determine what country they live in
1919 map- new countries from Versailles
five conditions of Treaty of Versailles
- pay reparation - money and ressources
- Germany pay for war damages
- Germany admit they caused war - war guilt cause
- German military decrease - disarmement
- Germany can’t ally with Austria
Sudetenland
- Western part of Czech - majority German
- Hitler wants to unite German speakers
- also get territory back
Polish corridor
Polish access to the sea
territory took from Germany
Appeasement
Glazing
Munich pact
- Neville Chamberlain gives Sudetenland to Germany
- in return for no future German aggression
