WW1 Depth Study

Question 1

Long term cause

Answer 1

An indirectly linkable reason for another event to happen.

eg. Nationalism

Question 2

Stab-in-the-back-myth

Answer 2

Conspiracy theory that the German Army didn’t lose WW1 on the battle fronts but was the civilians fault.

Question 3

Conscientious objector

Answer 3

A person who for religious / didn’t want to kill / didn’t want to hold a gun reasons would not join the army. Most were imprisoned, forced to join or worked as medics.

Question 4

February revolution

Answer 4

Revolution in Russia 1917 where Tsar Nicholas II was overthrown and assassinated along with his entire family.

Question 5

Lenin’s April Statements

Answer 5

• All power to the Soviets
• Peace with Central Powers and end of the war for Russia
• Bread (no more food and money problems)

Question 6

Treaty of Brest Litovsk

Answer 6

• Russia lost large stretch of land
• 90% of coal in Central Power control or had to be delivered to the Central Powers
• had to give back Turkish land
• some German troops occupied the area

Question 7

Provisional government

Answer 7

Government that is set up when in an emergency to manage political transition.
eg. collapse of previous government

Question 8

Isolationism

Answer 8

not getting involved in other countries business even when they ask that country for help (usually).

Question 9

Woodrow Wilson

Answer 9

US President 1913-1921

Question 10

Hindenburg Line

Answer 10

Heavily fortified line of trenches held during the war

Question 11

Armistice

Answer 11

Cease fire

Question 12

Silent dictators (German)

Answer 12

Hindenburg and Ludendorff ruled Germany but used the Kaiser as a public figure who to the public seemed to run the country.

Question 13

Ludendorff Offensive (Spring Offensive)

Answer 13

German plan to push Allied forces to the sea and kick troops from Flanders west before too many American troops landed.

Question 14

Petrograd Soviet

Answer 14

Council of workers and soldiers created during February revolution.

Question 15

Von Schlieffen plan

Answer 15

Created in 1905 to avoid 2-front war, knock out France quickly, win the war fast. Assumed: Belgium is too week to resist, England will stay neutral, Russia will mobilize slowly.

Question 16

Duma

Answer 16

Russian parliament

Question 17

Instigation

Answer 17

The final straw before an event happens.

Question 18

Nationalism

Answer 18

The invisible force and feeling of belonging together of to a group on the basis of shared history

Question 19

Central Powers

Answer 19

Germany (and empire), Austria-Hungary, Italy, Bulgaria and Ottoman Empire

Question 20

Allied Powers

Answer 20

England (and empire), France (and empire), Russia (and empire) and Serbia

Question 21

Militarism

Answer 21

The build up or expansion of the ability of a countries military to wage war.

Question 22

Ultimatum

Answer 22

A final demand of statement of terms, the rejection of which will result in the retaliation or breakdown of relations

Question 23

Blank cheque

Answer 23

Germany gave to Austria-Hungary: we will give you anything you ask for
eg. money, weapons, soldiers

Question 24

Mobilization

Answer 24

The preparation for war by gathering soldiers, weapons and other resources and then moving them to where they will be needed.

Question 25

Two-front war

Answer 25

Fighting on two sides of your country | eg. Germany

Question 26

Subjective

Answer 26

Based on / influenced by personal feelings, tastes or opinions

Question 27

Objective

Answer 27

Facts with no opinions attached

Question 28

Primary source

Answer 28

Immediate, first hand account of an event / topic from someone who ha a direct link to it.

Question 29

Secondary source

Answer 29

Information created later by someone who did not experience / participate first-hand in the events.

Question 30

Reliable

Answer 30

Consistently good in quality or performance so is able to be trusted.

Question 31

Biased

Answer 31

Unfairly prejudiced for or against someone or something.

Question 32

Unreliable

Answer 32

Not able to be relied upon

Question 33

Unrestricted submarine warfare

Answer 33

All ships in war-zone are now targets.

Question 34

Decolonisation

Answer 34

End of colonial times: gaining of independence of countries that were formerly part of colonies.

Question 35

Naval blockade

Answer 35

Conducted by the Allies to block supplies to the Central Powers.

Question 36

U-boat

Answer 36

Unterwasser boat: early German submarine effective in destroying ships

Question 37

War of rapid movement

Answer 37

classic war to gain land quickly

Question 38

War of attrition

Answer 38

Gradually wear down the enemy with small actions over a long period of time

Question 39

Entrenchment

Answer 39

Creating trenches

Question 40

Race to the sea

Answer 40

Germany needed and wanted another coast to cut off UK supplies

Question 41

Short term cause

Answer 41

A direct linkable reason for another event to happen | eg. militarism