WWI

Question 2

What is the primary driver of National Interest?

Answer 2

Economic Prosperity, Security and Safety, Beliefs and Values

National Interest is influenced by these three main areas.

Question 3

What does Economic Prosperity focus on?

Answer 3

Providing stable employment and standard of living for citizens

This includes government actions like passing laws and making trade treaties.

Question 4

What are key aspects of Security and Safety in National Interest?

Answer 4

Protecting citizens, securing national borders, resolving differences with treaties or war

Ensuring personal safety and controlling immigration are also included.

Question 5

What does Beliefs and Values in National Interest promote?

Answer 5

Affirming and promoting citizens’ cultures, values, and beliefs

It also involves ensuring a quality of life and respecting shared worldviews.

Question 6

How do National Interests evolve over time?

Answer 6

Change of opinions and understandings influenced by internal and external forces

Events within and outside a country continually shape national interests.

Question 7

What is Domestic Policy?

Answer 7

A course of action a sovereign nation takes to determine what should be done within the nation

Examples include federal laws and spending tax revenues.

Question 8

What is Foreign Policy?

Answer 8

A course of action a sovereign nation takes in connection to its relationships with other nation-states or international organizations

It impacts decisions like treaties, human rights, and trade relations.

Question 9

What are the potential effects of Foreign Policy decisions?

Answer 9

Short-term and long-term effects on people and nations

Foreign policy can influence domestic policy and national interests.

Question 10

True or False: Nationalism, National Interest, and Foreign Policies do not affect each other.

Answer 10

False

These elements are interconnected and influence one another.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: National interests are shaped by _______.

Answer 11

External and Internal forces

These forces can motivate changes in a country’s national interest.

Question 12

What can cause changes in a country’s national interest?

Answer 12

Issues motivated by internal and external events

Predicting these issues can provide insight into future national interests.

Question 14

What time period did nationalism spread aggressively across Europe?

Answer 14

1789-1914

Question 15

What significant event in 1789 introduced collective consciousness?

Answer 15

French Revolution

Question 16

What major conflict in the 1800s made people want to not be controlled by a foreign power?

Answer 16

Napoleonic Wars

Question 17

What year marked the Springtime of the People’s, a series of nationalist revolutions?

Answer 17

1848

Question 18

What was the main outcome of the Springtime of the People’s?

Answer 18

Unsuccessful nationalist revolutions

Question 19

What decade saw the unification of new European states?

Answer 19

1870s

Question 20

Before 1871, what was the status of countries like Germany and Italy?

Answer 20

Not unified, individual provinces and kingdoms

Question 21

What was the goal of creating a ‘Greater Germany’?

Answer 21

To be more powerful together than on their own

Question 22

What were the major empires growing in Europe by the lead up to World War One?

Answer 22

France, Britain, Russia, Austria-Hungary, Germany, Italy, Ottoman Empire

Question 23

What is imperialism?

Answer 23

The policy of acquiring, controlling and dominating another country or region

Question 24

What resources did empires exploit for financial gain?

Answer 24

All resources in the area

Question 25

What was the Scramble for Africa?

Answer 25

European countries divided up the entire continent for themselves

Question 26

What economic benefit did the Scramble for Africa provide to European countries?

Answer 26

Allowed them to become very wealthy

Question 27

What major technological developments occurred due to industrialization?

Answer 27

Railroads, large-scale steel and iron factories, telegraph

Question 28

What did industrialization lead to in terms of military production?

Answer 28

Rise of factories that built weapons

Question 29

What is militarism in the context of rising imperialism?

Answer 29

Flaunting armies to intimidate other nations

Question 30

What became crucial for the power of nations?

Answer 30

Size of army and navy

Question 31

What term describes the rapid stockpiling and growing of weapons?

Answer 31

Arms races

Question 32

Who established itself as the Naval Power of the World?

Answer 32

Britain

Question 33

What title did Germany desire that led to naval competition with Britain?

Answer 33

A place in the sun

Question 34

What was the outcome of Germany's growing army in relation to France?

Answer 34

France began to build their army

Question 35

What was the consequence of nations having armies always ready for war?

Answer 35

Increased tensions and readiness for conflict

Question 37

What war saw the first use of explosive long-range shells, the telegraph, and railways?

Answer 37

Crimean War (1853-56) ## Footnote Also involved many naval battles.

Question 38

What conflict directly led to the creation of Germany?

Answer 38

Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) ## Footnote This war was a significant turning point in European politics.

Question 39

Which war led to the creation of independent Balkan states?

Answer 39

Russo-Turkish War (1877-78) ## Footnote This conflict was pivotal in reshaping the Balkans.

Question 40

What was significant about the Russo-Japanese War (1904-05)?

Answer 40

First time an Asian power defeated a European one ## Footnote This marked a massive shift in power dynamics in Asia.

Question 41

What is considered the first 'modern' war?

Answer 41

The Boer War (1899-1902) ## Footnote It featured modern weaponry and tactics.

Question 42

What were some of the advanced technologies used in the Boer War?

Answer 42

Capable rifles, long-range artillery, machine guns, concentration camps ## Footnote These innovations set a precedent for future conflicts.

Question 43

Name the five main causes of World War One.

Answer 43

Militarism, Assassination, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism ## Footnote These factors contributed to the outbreak of the war.

Question 44

How did the Industrial Revolution impact militarism?

Answer 44

It led to large leaps in innovation, commerce, and military production ## Footnote Significantly changed the nature of warfare.

Question 45

What was the Dreadnought?

Answer 45

A type of battleship that represented naval advancements ## Footnote It was a key element in the naval arms race.

Question 46

Define nationalism in the context of pre-WWI.

Answer 46

A new sense of pride for one's country that led people to defend it ## Footnote Nationalism played a critical role in escalating tensions.

Question 47

What were some outcomes of the rise of nationalism?

Answer 47

Rivalries between nations, regaining land, uniting peoples, expanding colonies, status ## Footnote Nations aspired to be considered 'Great Powers.'

Question 48

What does imperialism emphasize?

Answer 48

The act of creating an empire, often through military means ## Footnote It led to conflicts over colonies.

Question 49

What event is known as the 'spark' that ignited World War One?

Answer 49

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand ## Footnote This event triggered the alliance system and led to war.

Question 50

Who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand?

Answer 50

Gavrilo Princip ## Footnote He was a Serbian nationalist.

Question 51

What was Austria-Hungary's ultimatum to Serbia?

Answer 51

A list of demands including suppression of nationalist publications and organizations ## Footnote They only allowed 48 hours for a response.

Question 52

What were the two main alliance systems in World War One?

Answer 52

Triple Alliance and Triple Entente ## Footnote The Triple Alliance included Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and Ottomans; the Triple Entente included Great Britain, France, and Russia.

Question 53

What was Canada's status in foreign affairs at the start of World War One?

Answer 53

Canada had no control over its foreign affairs ## Footnote This was controlled by Britain.

Question 54

What were some Canadian interests in World War One?

Answer 54

Economic reasons, safety and security, opportunity to prove itself ## Footnote Many Canadians felt strong ties to Britain.

Question 55

What was the significance of the Battle of Vimy Ridge for Canada?

Answer 55

Considered Canada's greatest battle ## Footnote It marked a significant moment in Canadian military history.

Question 56

What was a common sentiment among some Canadians regarding World War One?

Answer 56

Many felt disconnected from Europe and questioned involvement ## Footnote This included reservations from Quebecois and religious minorities.

Question 58

What was the 100 Days Offensive known as?

Answer 58

Canada’s 100 Days

Question 59

What significant battle marked the first time Canadians fought as one nation?

Answer 59

Vimy Ridge

Question 60

What was a unifying factor for Canadians during World War One?

Answer 60

Lives lost

Question 61

What treaty proved that Canada is an independent nation?

Answer 61

Treaty of Versailles

Question 62

On what lines were Canadians deeply fractured after World War One?

Answer 62

* Linguistic lines * Political lines * Economic lines

Question 63

What major event in 1917 affected Russia's involvement in World War One?

Answer 63

The Russian revolution began

Question 64

What treaty did Russia sign to leave World War One?

Answer 64

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Question 65

What was a key reason for the ending of World War One?

Answer 65

Germany faced an internal revolution

Question 66

What communication did the United States intercept that led to their entry into the war?

Answer 66

Zimmerman Telegram

Question 67

What date did Germany and their allies surrender, marking the end of the war?

Answer 67

November 11th, 1918

Question 68

How many total military deaths were there in World War One?

Answer 68

21 million

Question 69

How many Canadian soldiers were killed in World War One?

Answer 69

67,000

Question 70

What role did the United States take after World War One?

Answer 70

Emerges as the economic, political, and social leader of the world

Question 71

What was a major advantage for the United States during World War One?

Answer 71

No fighting on US soil

Question 72

Who spearheaded the peace negotiations at the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 72

The Big Three: Britain, France, and USA

Question 73

What was Canada’s contribution to the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 73

Canada was the ONLY colony with a seat at the table

Question 74

Who was blamed for the cause of World War One in the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 74

Germany

Question 75

According to the Treaty of Versailles, how much did Germany have to pay for damages?

Answer 75

132 billion Gold Marks

Question 76

What restrictions were placed on Germany's military after World War One?

Answer 76

Allowed only 6 ships, no air force, main military disbanded

Question 77

What happened to Germany's colonies after World War One?

Answer 77

Lost ALL colonies, split between Britain and France

Question 78

What area rich in mineral deposits was given to France after the war?

Answer 78

The Rhineland

Question 79

What was Woodrow Wilson's vision for peace called?

Answer 79

The 14 Points for Peace

Question 80

What international organization was created as part of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 80

The League of Nations

Question 81

What was a key flaw of the League of Nations?

Answer 81

The United States did NOT join

Question 82

What period followed World War One for the United States regarding foreign affairs?

Answer 82

Isolationism

Question 83

Fill in the blank: The war officially ended at 11am on November 11th, 1918, but the last soldier killed was at _______.

Answer 83

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