WWI Review

Question 1

Imperialism

Answer 1

a policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force. European powers competing for colonies, causing tensions.

Question 2

Nationalism

Answer 2

extreme pride in one’s country, leading to conflict

Question 3

Robert Borden

Answer 3

prime minister of Canada during WWI, great leadership and supported full war efforts

Question 4

Militarism

Answer 4

the belief or desire of a government or people that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend or promote national interests.

Question 5

Autonomy

Answer 5

the right or condition of self-government. freedom from external control or influence; independence. Canada’s push to make its own decisions separate from Britain.

Question 6

Henri Bourassa

Answer 6

french-canadian leader; opposed conscription and involvement in British wars

Question 7

Wilfred Laurier

Answer 7

nationalist prime minister prior to WWI, tried to balance english-french interests before WWI

Question 8

The Boer War

Answer 8

south african war between british and boers. early conflicts where Canada debated supporting Britain. conflict between the British Empire and the two Boer republics (Transvaal and Orange Free State) in southern Africa from 1899 to 1902 divided English and french canadians.

Question 9

1910 Naval Bill (Tin Pot navy)

Answer 9

canada plans to build small navy instead of funding britain’s; mocked by critics

Question 10

German-Anglo Arms Race

Answer 10

A competition between Germany and Britain in the early 20th century to build up their military, particularly their navies.

Question 11

Triple Entente

Answer 11

A military alliance formed in the early 20th century between France, Russia, and Britain.

Question 12

Central Powers

Answer 12

The alliance during World War I between Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.

Question 13

German-Anglo Arms Race

Answer 13

britain and germany’s competition to build more warships before WWI

Question 14

Triple Entente

Answer 14

alliance of britain, france, russia (italy will leave the central powers to join this later)

Question 15

Central Powers

Answer 15

alliance of germany, austria-hungary, ottoman empire, bulgaria

Question 16

Kaiser Wilhelm II

Answer 16

aggressive German emperor during WWI, his policy “weltpolitik” partly caused WWI and he ordered that a navy equal in strength to Britain be built

Question 17

Gavrilo Princip and The Black Hand

Answer 17

serbian nationalist, Gavrilo assassinated Archduke Ferdinand. The Black Hand was a Serbian Nationalist group in Austro-Hungary who wanted to create a greater Serbia by splitting up the old Empire

Question 18

Archduke Ferdinand

Answer 18

heir to Austria-Hungary’s throne; his assassination by Gavrilo sparked WWI

Question 19

The Blank Check

Answer 19

Germany’s promise of full support to Austria-Hungary after the assassination

Question 20

The Spiral into War (Alliance systems)

Answer 20

complex alliances pulled countries into a wider conflict

Question 21

The Schlieffen Plan

Answer 21

Germany’s strategy to quickly defeat France then attack Russia; failed

Question 22

Two Front War

Answer 22

Germany fighting on both the Western (france) and Eastern (russia) fronts

Question 23

The Battle of the Marne 1914

Answer 23

French and British stopped German advance; trench warfare began

Question 24

1st Battle of Ypres 1914

Answer 24

First major battle in Belgium; heavy casualties

Question 25

Static Warfare (Trench Warfare)`

Answer 25

soldiers dug trenches, leading to long slow battles

Question 26

No Man's Land

Answer 26

dangerous area between enemy trenches

Question 27

Christmas Truce 1914

Answer 27

brief unofficial ceasefire; soldiers left trenches and met peacefully

Question 28

2nd Battle of Ypres

Answer 28

first large-scale use of poison gas; canadians earned reputation for bravery

Question 29

Lt. Colonel John McCrae

Answer 29

wrote the poem "In Flanders Fields" during 2nd Ypres

Question 30

Sir Douglas Haig

Answer 30

british general criticized for heavy losses in battles like the Somme; Dec 19, 1915 he took control of the BEF

Question 31

Battles of Attrition

Answer 31

wearing down enemies with continuous losses; which side has more people to send in

Question 32

Verdun Feb 21 - Dec 18, 1916

Answer 32

germans engage the french at Verdun to try and “bleed them dry” attrition warfare is born French casualties amounted to about 400,000, German ones to about 350,000. Some 300,000 were killed.

Question 33

The Somme 1916

Answer 33

Allies wanted to take pressure off of verdun so they counter attacked at somme British suffered 54k casualties on july 1 (highest in british history) The British Empire had suffered 420,000 casualties and the French 200,000. German losses were at least 450,000 killed and wounded.