WWL/HTML

Question 1

Who invented WWW

Answer 1

Tim Berner Lee

Question 2

What is WW?

Answer 2

• A way of accessing the information on the Internet

Question 3

What is information encapsulated and viewed in?

Answer 3

• Information is encapsulated in a web page and viewed in web browser (e.g google chrome)

Question 4

Client-Server Model

Answer 4

• Describes the interaction of networked computers
• Clients request information from servers
• Servers respond with the information (if applicable)

Question 5

What is the web server?

Answer 5

• A computer set up to respond to requests for web pages

Question 6

Server Codes

Answer 6

Web Server; HTTP
File Server: FTP
Mail Server: SMTP

Question 7

HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)

Answer 7

• Method of requesting and transmitting web pages

Question 8

How does communication between client computers and web servers happen?

Answer 8

• Done by sending HTTP Requests and receiving HTTP Responses

Question 9

What happens when a clicks on a link or enters a URL in a browser?

Answer 9

• A request is sent to the HTTP port (80 or 8080) of the associated web server

Question 10

What are web analytics?

Answer 10

• Collection and analysis of data regarding website usage

Question 11

Why are web analytics used?

Answer 11

• Used by website owners to track the number and

behavior of users visiting their sites

Question 12

What is HTML? (HyperText Markup Language)

Answer 12

• Defines content of web page as text file with .html extension

Question 13

Escape Characters

Answer 13

• Characters that are used in HTML in addition to
  ordinary text and need to be represented
  by a character sequence

Question 14

Special Characters

Answer 14

• A character that is not an alphabetic or numeric character.
• Entered in unicode using hex/dec notation

Question 15

What are the three components of a webpage?

Answer 15

-HTML (Content and Strucutre, CSS (Presentation), Javascript (behaviour)

Question 16

Forms

Answer 16

• Allow users to provide information that is sent to a server for storage (e.g., creating a new account) and processing (e.g., making an online purchase)

Question 17

What are the three ways CSS can be added to HTML elements?

Answer 17

1. Inline - by using the style attribute in HTML elements
2. Internal - by using a element in the section
3. External - by using an external CSS file

Question 18

Inline CSS

Answer 18

• An inline CSS is used to apply a unique style to a single HTML element.

Question 19

Internal CSS

Answer 19

• An internal CSS is used to define a style for a single HTML page.

Question 20

What can Java Script Change?

Answer 20

• Browser characteristics (e.g., display size, orientation, device)
• User actions (e.g., mouse movement, clicks, scrolling)

Question 21

What are Cookies used for?

Answer 21

• Cookies are used to store permanent ID about a client’s visit to a specific web server such as:
• Identification information (e.g., username and credentials)
  • Display preferences (e.g., preferred shopping categories)
  • Shopping information (e.g., items browsed, items in your cart)
  • Regional and language preference

Question 22

Tracking Mechanisms:

Answer 22

1. Cookies
2. Browser Fingerprinting
   - browser version, language preference, installed fonts, plug-ins, … may (uniquely) identify you without the use of cookies
3. Javascript
4. Web Beacon/Web bug

Question 23

Security Risks- Clients

Answer 23

1. Phishing
2. Malware
3. Trojan
4. Vrius
5. Worm

Question 24

Types of Malicious Software

Answer 24

• Virus
• Worm
• Trojan

Question 25

Trojan

Answer 25

- Invade your computer disguised as a real, operational program.

Question 26

Types of Malicious Actions by Trojan

Answer 26

1. RAT (Remote Administration Tool): can activate and broadcast images from a webcam 2. Key logger: capture and transfer typed data (passwords) 3. Backdoor: Provide remote access and control 4. Ransomware: encrypt user data to extort money from owner

Question 27

Virus

Answer 27

- Can corrupt, delete, or steal data; can disrupt computer system - Spreads by “infecting” (attaching itself to) other files that are shared between computers

Question 28

Worm

Answer 28

- Does not attach itself to a file to spread | - Able to replicate itself autonomously over networks

Question 29

Security Risks-Server

Answer 29

- An attack meant to shut down a machine or network, making it inaccessible to its intended users

Question 30

Distributed Denial of Service Attack

Answer 30

- DoS attack from hundreds, thousands, or millions of clients from many different computers

Question 31

Security Risks-Communication

Answer 31

1. Man-in the middle | - Typically uses lure of “free Wi-Fi” in coffee shops, airports, etc.

Question 32

Security Risks-Communication Migitation Measures

Answer 32

- Use HTTPs connections when avaiable | - Use a virtual private network (VPN) service