X-Ray Analysis

Question 1

4 films

Answer 1

lateral
nasium
base posterior
APOM

Question 2

lines on lateral film

Answer 2

occipital condylar line
atlas plane line
listing line

Question 3

atlas plane line on lateral film goes though

Answer 3

dot on thin part of posterior arch of atlas
dot on anterior tubercle - close to anterior arch
-draw line through these 2 dots

Question 4

LL on lateral film

Answer 4

parallel to OCL down to dot on posterior arch

Question 5

finding on lateral film

Answer 5

AS or AI

• measured by angle btwn APL and LL; if APL> LL than 4 degrees, AS

Question 6

if APL > LL by MORE than 4 degrees

Answer 6

subtract 4 from measured angle

AS

Question 7

if APL > LL by LESS than 4 degrees

Answer 7

4- measured angle

AI

Question 8

If LL > APL

Answer 8

add 4 degrees to measured angle

AI

Question 9

if APL and listing line are the same, it is

Answer 9

AI4

Question 10

lines on nasium film

Answer 10

ocular orbital line
superior basic line
inferior basic line
vertical median line

Question 11

superior basic line is drawn on nasium film by

Answer 11

• dot both medial-inferior tips of condyles

- parallel to OOL down to first condyle; draw line

Question 12

inferior basic line on nasium view

Answer 12

line through the lateral inferior tips of atlas lateral mass

Question 13

+ sign on nasium view

Answer 13

horizontal part- draw line btwn 2 condyle tips
set compass to width of condyle tips, draw arc above and below
vertical part- connect 2 arch

Question 14

vertical median line on nasium view

Answer 14

perpendicular to OOL, draw line through center of + sign

Question 15

finding on nasium view

Answer 15

atlas laterality

bigger # = side of anteriority

Question 16

70% rule for nasium view

Answer 16

side of convergence btwn SBL and IBL is side of laterality

Question 17

lines on base posterior

Answer 17

atlas plane line

perpendicular skull line

Question 18

atlas plane line on base posterior

Answer 18

through traverse processes

Question 19

perpendicular skull line on base posterior

Answer 19

• dot middle of nasal septum
• dot like points on ocular orbital; parallel down to basilar process and make 2 dots – draw horizontal line for + sign
• arch set to width of basilar process; make arch about and below
• draw line connecting arches for vertical line of + sign

Question 20

finding on base posterior film

Answer 20

if angle > 90degrees, side of posterior rotation

if angle > 90 degrees, side of anterior rotation

Question 21

lines on APOM

Answer 21

ocular orbital line
superior basic line
inferior basic line
vertical median line

Question 22

superior basic line on APOM

Answer 22

dot on jugular process on both sides, draw line through these

(will NOT be perpendicular to OOL)

Question 23

inferior basic line on APOM

Answer 23

dots on lateral-inferior tips of atlas lateral mass; draw line through

Question 24

vertical median line

Answer 24

construct + sign using condylar tips

line perpendicular to OOL and straight line through center

Question 25

2 reference points on APOM film

Answer 25

center of odontoid process - BASE | spinous prcess

Question 26

finding on APOM

Answer 26

axis listing | ex. spinous left body pivot, entire segment left

Question 27

for axis listing for spinous component

Answer 27

compare spinous process dot to base of odontoid dot --> gives spinous right/left body pivot

Question 28

entire segment component

Answer 28

compare top dot to VML

Question 29

*major component

Answer 29

compare spinous dot - odontoid dot and odontoid dot - VML dot and see which is more significant

Question 30

assumed atlas listing is found on ____ and is done by:

Answer 30

APOM measure laterality along IBL with VML to get side of laterality; then look for convergence btwn SBL and IBL to get rotation

Question 31

constant is when

Answer 31

atlas and axis have same rotation

Question 32

variable is when

Answer 32

atlas and axis are rotated in opposite directions

Question 33

atlas listings

Answer 33

12

Question 34

axis listings

Answer 34

8

Question 35

lateral film AKA

Answer 35

longitudinal

Question 36

nasium film AKA

Answer 36

horizontal

Question 37

base posterior film AKA

Answer 37

vertical

Question 38

APOM film AKA

Answer 38

vertico-horizontal

Question 39

of simple listings for axis

Answer 39

4

Question 40

of listings without rotation for axis

Answer 40

2

Question 41

of listings without rotation for atlas

Answer 41

4