X ray midterm 2

Question 1

3 outcomes to incident x ray

Answer 1

1. absorption - by pt
2. transmittance
3. scatter

Question 2

____: reduction in total number of x rays after passing through tiss

Answer 2

attenuation

result of: absorption & scatter

Question 3

______: diff. btw x ray absorbed by pt + those transmitted through image receptor

Answer 3

x ray image

Question 4

_____: x ray leaves excited atom and changes in direction w/o change in NRG

Answer 4

coherent scattering

Question 5

____ interacts with loosely bound OUTER e-

Answer 5

compton effect

Question 6

______: interacts with inner shell e-

Answer 6

photoelectric effect

Question 7

_____ effect: new x ray is scattered and the new NRG is lower and in a new direction

Answer 7

compton effect

Question 8

_______: x ray deflected in any angle, scattered = reduced image contract

Answer 8

backscatter radiation

Question 9

____ is proportional to the 3rd power of the xray NRG (1/E3)

Answer 9

photoelectric effect

Question 10

______ interaction reacts with the nucleus

Answer 10

pair production

Question 11

_____ absorption produces light area in the radiograph (bones)

Answer 11

photoelectric

Question 12

______ interaction is absorbed by nucleus

Answer 12

photodisintegration

Question 13

____: quntity of matter per unit of vol

Answer 13

mass density

Question 14

________: interaction of x ray with tiss

Answer 14

mass density of the tiss

mass density 2x= change in interaction 2x

Question 15

____ scattering occurs in higher energy

Answer 15

coherent

Question 16

_____: removal of an orbital e- from an atom

Answer 16

ionization

Question 17

3 ionization interactions

Answer 17

characterisitc
compton
photoelectric

Question 18

_____: # of x ray that reach the image receptor

Answer 18

mA

Question 19

___: radiation NRG, how likely thex ray is to penetrate

Answer 19

kVp

Question 20

______: how dark the over all image is

Answer 20

optical density

controlled by mA & kVp

Question 21

_______: how many shades of grey the image is

Answer 21

contrast

controlled by kVp

Question 22

_______: list of factors that are able to be changed by the operator

Answer 22

exposure factors

1. kVp
2. contrast
3. distance

Question 23

techs have no control over ___ filtration

they have limited control over ___ filtration

Answer 23

no control over inherented

limited added filtration

Question 24

____: size and shape of pt

Answer 24

body habitus

sthenic pt

Question 25

_____: radiograph chart is based on this body type

Answer 25

sthenic pt

Question 26

5 factor that affect sharpness

Answer 26

1. focal spot size 2. SID 3. OID 4. Geometric factors of the object 5. Motion

Question 27

small focal pt = ____ detail

Answer 27

fine | low quantity of x rays

Question 28

sharpness is measured in ____

Answer 28

spatial resolution

Question 29

______: distance from anode to image receptor

Answer 29

SID larger = sharper

Question 30

___:distance from the object being x rayd to image receptor

Answer 30

OID smaller = sharper

Question 31

___: misrep of object size and shape

Answer 31

distortion

Question 32

poor alignment of "image receptor & x ray tube" leads to ____ of image

Answer 32

elongation - has to do with the tool

Question 33

________:poor alignment of the anatomical part

Answer 33

foreshortening

Question 34

______: result in scatter

Answer 34

compton effect | and some from coherent

Question 35

3 factors that control scatter

Answer 35

1. kVp 2. x ray field size 3. pt thickness

Question 36

at high NRG there is more ____ than ___

Answer 36

more compton that photoelectric | photoelectric decr. more quickly with incr kVp

Question 37

Incr. __ decreases compton and photoelectric

Answer 37

kVp | = photoelectric decr. faster