XXVIII Flashcards
Historical Eponyms (23 cards)
a channel that establishes the connection between the nasopharynx and the tynpanic cavity and serves to adjust the pressure in the cavity to the external pressure; named after the Italian anatomist Eustachius (16th century)
Eustachian tube
a long, slender tube that extends from the upper lateral cornu of the uterus to the region of the ovary of the same side; named after the Italian anatomist Fallopius (16th century)
Fallopian tube
either of the internal cerebral veins or the great cerebral vein: named after Galen, the great Greek physician of the 2nd century AD
Galen Vein
microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine part (the beata cells of this grouap produce insulin, from the Latin word insula, “island”) named aftr the 19th century German anatomist Paul Langerhans, who was the first to describe them
islets of langerhans
the confluence of the sinuses at the back of the skull: lit. “wine celler (ex. cavity) of the Herophilus” the Greek doctor active in the 3rf century BC who was reputed to have been the dirst to perform dissection on human cadavers
torcular herophili
a progressive central neurodegenerative disorder marked by memory disturbance and personality changes, progressing to servere dementia; first described by German neuropathologist and psychiatrist Alois Alzherimer (early 20th century)
alzheimer’s disease
a shrunken, pale aspect of the countenance immediately before death; so named because the description of this condition is found in the hippocratic writings (Prognostic 2)
facies Hippocratics
an infection caused by Leishmania, a parasitic protozon of worldwide distribution: named after Scottish patholost William Boog Leishman (1865-1927)
Leishmaniasis
an infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes, a widespread pathogen in humans and animals; named after Joseph Lister (1827-1912), who was known for his work in antisepsis (he is also the namesake of Listerine mouthwash)
Listeriosis
progressive degeneration of the motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord; formally known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (a hardening in the lateral spinal colum associated with a lack of muscle nourishment); named after Lou Gehrig (1903-1941), a professional baseball plater who was diagnosed with this disease
Lou Gehrig’s Disease
a chronic, progressive neurological disorder marked by tremors, muscle rigidity and slowing of voluntary movement; named afte James Parkinson, an english surgeon who first described the disease in his 1817 “Essay on the Shaking Palsy”
parkinson’s disease
a diseased caused by Rickettsia, a genus of bacteraia transmitted frequently by ticks, fleas, and lice named after American pathologist Howard Taylor Ricketts (1871-1910); note that this is not the same as rickets, an interruption in bone development caused by a Vitamin D deficiency
rickettsiosis
an infection caused by the genus of bacteria known as Salmonella, which manifests itself more frequently in humans as food poisioning; named after American pathologist Daniel ELmer Salmon (1850-1914)
Salmonellosis
delivery of a child incision through the walls of the abdomen when natural birth cannot take place; so called because it was though that an ancestor of Julius Caesar was born this way, through this may simply be a hypothesis based on the similarity between the name caesar and the Latin verb caedere (to cut)
caesarean section
a method of dislodging food or other material from the throat of a choking vivtom, effected by the sudden application of upward thrust into the abdomen between the navel and the sternum; developed by American thoraci surgeon Henry J. Heimlich and described by him in a 1974 publication
Heimlich maneuver
an exfoliative cytological staining procedure for detenction and diagnosis of various conditions, esp. cancer and pan-cancerous growths in the female reproductive tract; named very succinlty for Greek anatomist Georgios Papanicolaou (1883-1962);
pap smear/test
the process of heating food or liquids (esp. milf) to a specific temperature for a specific time for the purpose of eliminatinf microorganisms that would cause spoilage; developed by French chemist Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)
pasteurization
the surgical replacement of a portion of the ulnar collateral ligament with a tendon from another part of the body, performed frequently on athletes; named after a professional baseball pitcher Tommy John, the first person to undergo this procedure (1974)
Tommy John Surgery
auscult-, auscultat- (Lat.)
to listen
inguin- (lat.)
groin
palp- (lat.)
to touch, to stroke
pharynx-, pharyng- (Gk.)
throat
tuss- (lat.)
cough
