XYLEM AND PHLOEM

Question 1

What does the xylem transport?

Answer 1

Water and mineral ions to the leaves

Question 2

what does the phloem transport?

Answer 2

Sucrose and amino acids, to growing and storage parts of the plant

Question 3

Why do plants need sucrose and amino acid?

Answer 3

energy, building proteins

Question 4

which tissue is made up from dead cells

Answer 4

Xylem

Question 5

What tissue has a cytoplasm?

Answer 5

Phloem

Question 6

What tissue contain lignin?

Answer 6

Xylem

Question 7

What is the xylem made up of?

Answer 7

THICC cell walls made up of lignin

Question 8

what tissue flows both ways?why?

Answer 8

The phloem flows up and down, because the whole plant also needs sucrose for energy.

Question 9

describe 1 structure of the phloem?(stucture of cells)

Answer 9

The cells are joined end to end and contain holes in the end of cell walls (called sieve plates)

Question 10

What are sieve plates?

Answer 10

A sieve plate is a wall with holes in it

Question 11

Name two sub cellular structures in the phloem

Answer 11

Cell walls made up of cellulose, and a cytoplasm

Question 12

Describe two other structures of the phloem?L

Answer 12

• )Each cell is formed with cellulose with holes called sieve plates
• )the living cytoplasm extends through the holes of the sieve plates,
• )linking each cell with the next,
• )forming a long SIEVE TUBE

Question 13

What is the function of the sieve tubes?

Answer 13

transports products of photosynthesis,from the leaves to other part of the plant,
-)allows easy flow of substances from one cell to the next

Question 14

Where might sugars of the plant be transported?

Answer 14

to the roots and converted into starch for storage

Question 15

what is translocation?

Answer 15

The transport of sucrose and amino acids in phloem

Question 16

What is the main difference of the phloem and xylem?

Answer 16

Xylem has dead tissues at maturity, but NO cell contents.

Phloem is the living tissue, but no nucleus

Question 17

Does the phloem sieve plates have a nucleus?how?

Answer 17

no, they are controlled by COMPANION CELLS, that are next to the sieve plates

Question 18

What is a source?

Answer 18

source (where it’s made)

Question 19

What is a sink?

Answer 19

source (where it’s made) to sink (where it’s stored or used)

Question 20

During winter what might the phloem tubes do?why?

Answer 20

During winter, when many plants have NO leaves, the phloem tubes may transport DISSOLVED sucrose and amino acids FROM the roots to other parts of the plant so that respiration can
continue

Question 21

During a growth period (e.g during the spring) what does the phloem do?source?sinks?

Answer 21

the storage organs (eg roots) would be the source and the many growing areas of the plant would be the sinks

Question 22

What happens in the summer?

Answer 22

the leaves become the source, loads of photosynthesis happening

Question 23

which way does xylem transport water and minerals?

Answer 23

roots to leaves

Question 24

What is deposited in the xylem that causes it to die?

Answer 24

A substance called LIGNIN is deposited in the cell walls, causing the xylem cells to die

Question 25

what is lignification?

Answer 25

Lignin being BUILT into the cell walls (of the xylem)

Question 26

Once fully lignified what happens to the xylem?

Answer 26

They DIE and become hollow dead tubes

-) join end-to-end to form a CONTINUOUS TUBEE for water and mineral ions TO TRAVEL from the roots

Question 27

What does lignin do for the xylem?

Answer 27

STRENGTHENS the plant, to help it withstand the pressure of water movement

Question 28

How is a continuous column of water created in the plant?

Answer 28

Water molecules are attracted to each other by hydrogen bonding