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Biology Y7/8 > Y7 Cells > Flashcards

Y7 Cells Flashcards

1
Q

How many cells make up the human body?

A

37,000,000,000,000 (37 trillion)

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2
Q

What 3 organelles do plant cells have that animal cells do not?

A

Vacuole
Cell wall
Chloroplast

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3
Q

Name the organelles in an animal cell

A

Nucleus
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria

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4
Q

Name the organelles in a plant cell

A

Nucleus
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Cell wall
Chloroplast

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5
Q

What is an organelle?

A

A subcellular structure inside the cell with an important function for the cell

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6
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

Controls the activities of the cell (maintenance, repair, growth)
Contains genetic material

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7
Q

What is the function of cytoplasm (in eukaryotic cells)?

A

A jelly-like substance where most chemical reactions take place such as protein synthesis
Stores some of the cell’s food
Houses and maintains an optimal environment for other organelles by holding them and protecting them from damage

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8
Q

What is the function of cytoplasm (in prokaryotic cells)?

A

A jelly-like substance where most chemical reactions take place such as protein synthesis

Houses and maintains an optimal environment for other organelles by holding them and protecting them from damage

Stores the genetic material through two organelles

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9
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

Generates most of the cells chemical energy through aerobic respiration

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10
Q

What organelles are found in eukaryotic cells?

A

Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Chloroplast (just plants)
Vacuole (just plants)
Cell wall (just plants)

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11
Q

What organelles are found in prokaryotic cells?

A

Ribosomes
Cytoplasm

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12
Q

Where does aerobic respiration take place in eukaryotic cells?

A

Mitochondria

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13
Q

Where does anaerobic respiration take place in eukaryotic cells?

A

Cytoplasm

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14
Q

Where does cellular respiration take place in prokaryotic cells?

A

Cytoplasm
Cell membrane

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15
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane?

A

Delicate surface membrane made of two layers of phospholipid
Holds the cell together
Controls what goes in and out of the cell

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16
Q

What is the function of the cell wall?

A

• This structure surrounds the cell.
• It is made of cellulose, a tough rubbery fibre.
• It gives the cell rigidity and supports the cell.

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17
Q

What is the vacuole and what is its function?

A

The vacuole is a large cavity filled with a watery fluid called cell sap.
It helps keep the cell rigid, pushing outwards.
Helps balance water levels in the cell

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18
Q

What is the function of the chloroplast?

A

Contains chlorophyll
Harnesses the sun’s energy to perform photosynthesis in plant cells

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19
Q

What is the diameter of a eukaryotic cell?

A

5-100 micrometres

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20
Q

What is the diameter of a prokaryotic cell?

A

0.1-5 micrometers

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21
Q

What is a specialised cell?

A

A cell designed to carry out a particular and unique role in the body

22
Q

What is a stem cell?

A

Cells from which all specialised cells are generated
They have the potential to develop into many different types of cells to repair the body and to self-renew

23
Q

Name some examples of specialised cells

A

Ciliated cell
Root hair cell
Red blood cell
White blood cell
Sperm cell
Palisade cell
Egg cell
Nerve cell

24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

All eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall and cytoplasm

A

FALSE - Nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane and cytoplasm

25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Prokaryotic cell are 0.1-5 micrometers in diameter

A

TRUE

26
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Cell membranes are made of cellulose

A

FALSE - They are made of phospholipid

27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells takes place in the cytoplasm

A

FALSE - The mitochondria

28
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

The function of the respiratory system is to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the cells in your body and removes waste

A

FALSE - It is to take in oxygen and expel waste gases through gas exchange and spread oxygen to the cells of your body via the circulatory system

29
Q

What is a unicellular organism?

A

A simple organism that can survive with just one cell, such as an amoeba

30
Q

What is a complex organism?

A

A multicellular organism, which means they have many types of cells, with a more complex cellular structure

31
Q

What is a cell?

A

The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism

32
Q

What is a tissue?

A

A group of similar cells working together to do the same job

33
Q

What is an organ?

A

Different tissues working together with a vital function

34
Q

What is an organ system?

A

Different organs with similar purposes working togethr

35
Q

What is an organism?

A

Different organisms working together to form a living thing

36
Q

Which word matches this definition?

A large cavity filled with a watery fluid called cell sap.
It helps keep the cell rigid, pushing outwards.
Helps balance water levels in the cell

A

Vacuole

37
Q

Which word matches this definition?

A subcellular structure inside the cell with an important function for the cell

A

Organelle

38
Q

Which word matches this definition?

A cell designed to carry out a particular and unique role in the body

A

Specialised Cell

39
Q

Which word matches this definition?

Different tissues working together with a vital function

A

Organ

40
Q

Which word matches this definition?

Generates most of the cells chemical energy through aerobic respiration

A

Mitochondria

41
Q

What is the respiratory system and what is its function?

A

To take in oxygen and expel waste gases through gas exchange
Spreads oxygen to the cells of your body via the circulatory system

42
Q

What is the digestive system and what is its function?

A

To digest and absorb nutrients and excrete waste products

43
Q

What is the nervous system and what is its function?

A

Transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, controlling the ability of our senses

44
Q

What is the circulatory system and what is its function?

A

Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the cells in your body and removes waste

45
Q

What is the reproductive system and what is its function?

A

To produce egg cells and sperm cells and transport them for reproduction

46
Q

What is the skeletal system and what is its function?

A

Gives and maintains body shape
Allows movement
Makes blood cells
Provides protection for vital organs
Stores minerals

47
Q

What is the muscular system and what is its function?

A

Provides mobility, stability, posture and circulation for the body, allowing it to function

48
Q

Where is the genetic material in a sperm cell?

A

In a nucleus inside the head

49
Q

Which hormone controls the development of the male reproductive organs and sperm? - add to reproductive system

A

Testosterone

50
Q

What does testosterone do for males?

A

Controls the development of the male reproductive organs and sperm

51
Q

What is the function of the male reproductive system?

A

To create sperm cells and transport them safely for fertilisation with an egg cell

52
Q

What is the function of the female reproductive system?

A

To create egg cells and transport them for fertilisation with sperm cells

Biology Y7/8 (8 decks)

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