Y9 Science Exam revision - 2

Question 1

ecosystems

Answer 1

involves the interaction between biotic and abiotic things

Question 2

organisms

Answer 2

all living things

Question 3

habitat

Answer 3

home of an animal or plant

Question 4

population

Answer 4

a. group of the same species living in the same area

Question 5

community

Answer 5

a group of populations interacting with one another

Question 6

Abiotic

Answer 6

non-living factors of the environment
light /air

Question 7

biotic

Answer 7

living organisms apart of an environment
humans/animals/plants

Question 8

autotrophs

Answer 8

an organism that relies on itself for food, and can photosynthesize

Question 9

heterotrophs

Answer 9

rely on other organisms for nutrnients

Question 10

natural impact

Answer 10

weather change / natural disasters

Question 11

human impact

Answer 11

global warming/pollution

Question 12

cuticle

Answer 12

protects plants from external stress

Question 13

upper epidermis

Answer 13

reduces necessary water loss in plants

Question 14

palisade mesophyll

Answer 14

where photosynthesis occurs

Question 15

spongey mesophyll

Answer 15

allows the interchange of necessary gases used for photosynthesisn

Question 16

lower epidermis

Answer 16

allows co2 to enter the leaf and oxygen to be released, aswell as helping excess water to leave

Question 17

guard cell

Answer 17

open and close the stomata and also regulate water

Question 18

stomata

Answer 18

a pore that regulates gas exchange

Question 19

xylem

Answer 19

transports water from the roots of the plant

Question 20

phloem

Answer 20

carries sugar throughout the plant

Question 21

where does cellular respiration occur?

Answer 21

mitochondria

Question 22

aerobic respiration word problem

Answer 22

glucose + oxygen - co2 + water + energy

Question 23

anaerobic respiration word problem

Answer 23

glucose - ethanol + co2 + energy

Question 24

photosynthesis word equation

Answer 24

co2 + water —- (light, chlorophyl) = oxygen + glucose

Question 25

food chain

Answer 25

shows energy level / feeding order

Question 26

food webs

Answer 26

shows the reliance and interconnections between food chains

Question 27

how is energy lost?

Answer 27

Once an organism dies only 10% of its total energy is passed on. Trophic levels show energy levels.

Question 28

consumer

Answer 28

heterotrophs

Question 29

producer

Answer 29

autotrophs

Question 30

how is matter passed through the ecosystem?

Answer 30

living matter is passed from producers to consumers, which is broken down by decomposers and released as ATP.

Question 31

scientific error

Answer 31

random + systematic

Question 32

dependant variable

Answer 32

whats measured

Question 33

independent variable

Answer 33

what is changed

Question 34

controlled

Answer 34

stays constant

Question 35

systematic error

Answer 35

an inaccuracy made by you

Question 36

random error

Answer 36

occurs due to chance

Question 37

1st electromagnetic wave

Answer 37

Radio wave

Question 38

2nd type of electromagnetic wave

Answer 38

microwaves

Question 39

3rd type of electromagnetic wave

Answer 39

infrared radiation

Question 40

4th type of electromagnetic wave

Answer 40

visible light

Question 41

5th type of electromagnetic wave

Answer 41

ultraviolet

Question 42

6th type of electromagnetic wave

Answer 42

x- ray

Question 43

7th type of electromagnetic wave

Answer 43

gamma rays

Question 44

speed of light

Answer 44

300,000 km/s

Question 45

law of reflection

Answer 45

angle of incidence = angle of reflection

Question 46

regular reflection

Answer 46

plane mirrors reflect light in a normal and consistent way

Question 47

diffuse reflection

Answer 47

most rough objects reflect in at unusual and irregular angles

Question 48

visible colours

Answer 48

red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet

Question 49

why do we see colors

Answer 49

the colours we see are simply the only visible colour that wasn't absorbed by the object, the imparticular colour reflects into our eyesight.

Question 50

virtual image

Answer 50

upright image where rays diverge

Question 51

real image

Answer 51

formed by rays of light converging to make the focus

Question 52

inverted image

Answer 52

an image that appears backwards due to a plane mirror. for instance ambulance writing

Question 53

upright image

Answer 53

image that appears verticle

Question 54

concave mirror

Answer 54

real image

Question 55

convex mirror

Answer 55

virtual image

Question 56

rule of refraction

Answer 56

when light enters a more dense medium it goes towards the medium

Question 57

dispersion of white light

Answer 57

when white light enters a triangular prism, all visible light colors appear. and you can see the ones that diverge more due to longer or shorter wavelengths

Question 58

how do we see things

Answer 58

when we look at objects light is reflected into our eyes

Question 59

cornea

Answer 59

clear window that refracts light

Question 60

pupil

Answer 60

hole in the iris, that lets light in

Question 61

iris

Answer 61

coloured part of the eye that controls light through the pupil

Question 62

lense

Answer 62

refracts light to focus image on the retina

Question 63

retina

Answer 63

light-sensitive cells which change light energy to nerve impulses

Question 64

sclera

Answer 64

white tough part of the eye

Question 65

optical nerve

Answer 65

sends messages from the retina to the brain

Question 66

liquid humor

Answer 66

jelly substance at the front that holds the eye shape and keeps it strong.

Question 67

2 vision defects

Answer 67

myopia, hyperobia

Question 68

what waves need a medium

Answer 68

water and sound

Question 69

how are waves classified?

Answer 69

transverse or longitude

Question 70

speed of sound in air

Answer 70

331 metres

Question 71

how long does sound take to reach 1km away?

Answer 71

3 seconds

Question 72

why do we see lightning before thunder?

Answer 72

because light travels faster then sound

Question 73

longitudinal wave

Answer 73

travel in lines

Question 74

transverse waves

Answer 74

travel in lines

Question 75

common cause of hearing loss

Answer 75

- trauma to the head or ear - loud noise

Question 76

process of hearing

Answer 76

- outer ear - middle ear - inner ear - auditory nerve

Question 77

pinner / outer ear

Answer 77

made from cartilage, helps direct sound waves to the canal

Question 78

ear canal / outer ear

Answer 78

tube that directs sound waves to the inner ear containing hair and wax

Question 79

stirrup, anvil, hammer / middle ear

Answer 79

smallest bones in our body

Question 80

eardrum / middle ear

Answer 80

vibrates when sound hits it

Question 81

oval window

Answer 81

connects the middle and inner ear

Question 82

semi-circular canals / inner ear

Answer 82

fluid-filled canals that help us to keep balance

Question 83

cochlea

Answer 83

sounds vibrations are transmitted and picked up by nerves which helps the brain sense sound

Question 84

Eustachian tube

Answer 84

connects ear canal to nose and throat

Question 85

auditory nerve

Answer 85

sends electrical signals to the brain