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textiles & design > Yarn Structures & Characteristics > Flashcards

Yarn Structures & Characteristics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of yarn?

A
  • Staple
  • Monofilament
  • Multifilament
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2
Q

What does staple mean?

A

short
(like staples)

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3
Q

What are staple yarns?

A

Natural fibres
- except silk

WHY? -> are not continuous

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4
Q

What does monofilament mean?

A

One continuous fibre

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5
Q

What are monofilament fibres?

A

Synthetic fibres

WHY -> made in a continuous stream
(remember the shower head)

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6
Q

What does multifilament mean?

A

Multiple fibres

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7
Q

What type of yarn is a filament

A

Synthetic

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8
Q

What are the types of yarn?

A

Single
Ply
Cord

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9
Q

What is a single yarn?

A

One yarn

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10
Q

What is ply yarn?

A

Two yarns twisted together

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11
Q

What is cord yarn?

A

Two ply yarns twisted together

Two twisties twisted together

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12
Q

What type of yarn must blended fibre be?

A

staple - only way to make blended is by having staple

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13
Q

What are the type of yarn twist?

A

S & Z

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14
Q

An S-twist goes…

A

clockwise

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15
Q

A Z-twist goes…

A

anticlockwise

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16
Q

What are the two types of spinning?

A
  1. Staple spinning
  2. Extrusion spinning
17
Q

What yarns are made from staple spinning?

A

Natural - cotton and wool

18
Q

What yarns are made from extrusion spinning?

A

Rayon, polyester, nylon

19
Q

What is carded yarn?

A

fibres in various lengths creating an uneven yarn

(not combed)

20
Q

What is combed cotton yarn?

A

fibres that are long and even combed ring-spun creating a soft and high quality yarn

21
Q

What is a worsted yarn?

A

wool characterised by longer fibres creating a smoother and more compact woollen yarn

22
Q

What yarns are made from extrusion spinning?

A

Synthetic - polyester + nylon
Regenerated - rayon

23
Q

What yarn is wet spinning used to make?

A

Rayon

24
Q

What yarn does melt spinning make?

A

Nylon + Polyester

25
Q

What are textured filament yarns?

A

Made from synthetic filaments modified to add texture, bulk an elasticity to yarns

26
Q

What are types of textured filament yarns?

A
  • False twist
  • Knit deknit
  • Air jet
  • Gear crimping
  • Stuffer box
27
Q

What are novelty yarns used for?

A

Decoration and aesthetic properties

textiles & design (7 decks)

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