Year 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Dihydrocodeine
Opioid painkiller
Moderate to severe pain
Blocks paint signals from CNS and brain
Tablets, slow release, liquid and injection
Take one and a half to two hours to work
Addiction as possible
Sickness, drowsy, constipation
Can be taken from one year plus but mostly four years plus
12 years plus is 30mg x 1 every 4 to 6 hours
Take with water and or with/after food
Esomeprazole
Reduces the amount of acid your stomach makes
Widely used to treat indigestion, heartburn and acid reflux
Prevents stomach ulcers
Capsules, tablets and granules to make liquid
Can be mixed with naproxen
Prescription, but can also buy 20mg in a pharmacy
Starts to work within 2 to 3 days, but could take up to 4 weeks
Headache, diarrhoea, and stomach pain
Starting dose 20mg
Take once a day, first thing in the morning, with/without food
Amlodipine
Is a calcium channel blocker to treat high blood pressure and can prevent angina
Relaxes and widens blood vessels and helps improve blood and oxygen supply to the heart
Tablet or liquid
Normally taken once a day and can be taken at any time as long as it is the same each day
Headaches, flushing, tiredness, swollen ankles, dizzy
Avoid grapefruit juice
Can be taken age 6 and above
Starting dose 5mg
Aspirin
Low-dose aspirin helps to prevent heart attacks and strokes
Taken on a daily low dose if you have had a heart attack or stroke to prevent reoccur
Comes as tablet or suppository
Best to take with food
Works in 20 to 30 minutes
Usual one/two tablets every 4 to 6 hours
Bisoprolol
Is a beta blocker used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure
Also for vagina
Can also treat atrial fibrillation and other conditions that cause in a regular heartbeat
Works by slowing down heart rate making it easier to pump blood
Is a tablet
Starts to work after two hours to reduce high blood pressure, but it can take 2 to 6 weeks to fully take affect
Dizzy so take at bedtime
Alcohol
18+
Blood pressure or angina 5mg - 10mg once a day
With or without food
Chloramphenicol
Is an antibiotic
Treat eye infections and sometimes ear infections
Eyedrops or ointment as well as eardrops
Can be given intravenously or as a capsule
See improvement within two days
Don’t work contact lenses
Age 2+
Chlorphenamine
Antihistamine
Drowsy
Tablet or liquid
Can be mixed with ephedrine or Sudo ephedrine
30 minutes to an hour to work
6+
4mg tablets and 2Mg/5ml liquid
Clotrimazole
Antifungal for skin infections caused by fungus/yeast
Cream, spray and a solution
Available as external and internal
Takes seven days to treat fungal infections
Apply 2/3 times a day for up to 2 weeks, but no more than four
Comes as a one percent cream spray or solution
Doxazosin
Alpha blocker for high blood pressure and symptoms of an enlarged prostate
Relax blood vessels and relax the muscle around the bladder and prostate gland to go to the toilet more easy
Tablets
Usually take once a day
Can make you dizzy
18+
Comes as standard and slow release tablets
Standard tablet is 2Mg-16mg
Slow release tablet is 4mg or 8mg
Fluconazole
Antifungal for infections caused by different kinds of fungus
Also to treat out brain infection called cryptococcal meningitis
Can also prevent fungal infections developing
Capsules or liquid, but also injection
Can buy OTC
Once a day
16+
Usual dose is 50mg a day for 7 to 14 days
With or without food
Furosemide
Diuretic for high blood pressure, heart failure, and Odema
Can make you go to the bathroom more
Tablet and liquid, but also injection
Can also come mixed with other diuretics
Once a day
Starts to work in an hour
Without food
Babies can take
Usual dose for high blood pressure is 40mg to 80mg
Usual dose of heart failure or oedema is 20-120mg
Hydrocortisone
Is a steroid
Calms down the bodies, immune response to reduce pain itching and swelling
Also use at home replacement for people who do not have enough of the natural stress hormone cortisol
Skin creams, injection and tablet
Hyoscine (both salts)
Hyoscine hydrobromide - travel sickness medicine called anticholinergics. They work by affecting your inner ear and brain to control vomiting and relax the muscles in the wall of the stomach.. patches and tablets. Take 20 to 30 minutes to start working.
Hyoscine butyl bromide
Ibuprofen
Isn’t everyday painkiller
Tablet capsule granule liquid as well as gel mouse and spray
Can be combined with other painkillers
20 to 30 minutes to work
17+
Usual dose for adults is one/2 200mg tablet or capsule three times a day
Indapamide
Diuretic
Go to the bathroom more
Treat high blood pressure and heart failure and Oma
Standard tablet and slow release tablet
Once a day in the morning
Not for pregnancy
18+
Heart failure is 2.5mg to 5mg as standard
High blood pressure is 2.5mg as standard
With or without food
Loperamide
Treats diarrhoea as well as IBS
Dissolvable tablets and capsules
Starts to work within an hour
Alcohol
12+ with short term diarrhoea
For adults, the usual starting dose is two capsules or tablets immediately and then one capsule or tablet after each diarrhoea event
With or without food
Most people only need to take for one to 2 days
Losartan
Is an angiotensin receptor blocker
Treat high blood pressure, heart failure as well as protect kidneys
Can help prevent strokes and heart attacks
Relaxes and widens blood vessels
Tablet
Often choice treatment
Not for pregnant
18+
Usual dose for adults is 50mg-100mg once today for high blood pressure
12.5-150mg heart failure
Macrogols
Is laxative to treat constipation as well as vehicle impaction
Can be given before a colonoscopy
Sachets that you mix with water or a liquid that you dilute
Makes faeces bigger and softer to travel through the bowels easier
Take one to 2 days to work
12+
Usual dose for adults is one sachet to be taken one to 3 times a day
Nicotine
Paracetamol
Common painkiller
Tablet capsule syrup, powder or suppositories
Take up an hour to work
Usual dose is one or two 500mg tablets up to 4 times in 24 hours
Propranolol
Beta blocker for heart problems as well as anxiety and prevent migraines
Help reduce symptoms if you have too much thyroid hormone in your body
Tablets slow release capsules or liquid
Slows down heart rate
Dizzy
12+
Usual dose for adults a high blood pressure is 80 mg twice a day
40 mg taken two or three times a day for migraines/angina
40 mg once a day for anxiety
With or without food
Ramipril
Senna
Sildenafil
