year 1 revision

Question 1

what is required to be a clinical psychologist

Answer 1

undergrad degree with graduate basis for chartered membership (GBC)

experience

doctoral training course

Question 2

what organisation do applications to clinical psych training go through

Answer 2

clearing house

Question 3

what organisation holds the professional registration for clinical psychologists

Answer 3

the health and care professions council (HCPC)

Question 4

what do the BPS do

Answer 4

sets standard for undergrad courses for accreditation

this accreditation is needed to meet GBC

Question 5

NHS - what is the goal of commissioning

Answer 5

to make services more equitable

Question 6

what are the 4 core populations we are trained to work with

Answer 6

1) Children and adolescents (0 – 18)

2) Working aged adults (18 - 65)

3) Older people (65+)

4) Learning Disabilities (LD)

Question 7

what are the classifications for profound, severe, moderate, and mild LDs

Answer 7

profound = <20

severe = 20-34

moderate = 35-49

mild = 50-70

Question 8

what is the basic process of diagnosis

Answer 8

base diagnosis on symptoms

classified disorder based on cluster of symptoms

match symptoms to classifications (ICD-10, DSM-5)

Question 9

what is Aaron beck known for

Answer 9

father of cognitive psychology and CBT

theories used in treatment of depression/anxiety

Question 10

what is Michael white known for

Answer 10

founder of narrative therapy

Question 11

what is narrative therapy

Answer 11

helps ppl identify their values and skills so they can effectively confront problems

therapist co-authors a new narrative about the patient

Question 12

what is Marsha linehan known for

Answer 12

developed dialectical behavioural therapy

Question 13

what is dialectical behaviour therapy

Answer 13

originally designed to treat BPD

work with acceptance and change oriented strategies - balancing and synthesising them

increase emotional and cognitive regulation by learning about the triggers that lead to reactive states

Question 14

what is psychotherapy

Answer 14

helps patients understand problems by increasing awareness of inner world and its influence over relationships

Question 15

psychodynamic vs psychoanalysis therapy

Answer 15

psychodynamic therapy:

• less intensive
• once or twice a week

psychoanalysis:
- last 50 minutes
- 4-5 times a week

Question 16

what are the four primary types of behavioural assessment

Answer 16

1) Clinical Interview

2) Assessment of Intellectual or other domains of functioning
(such as IQ or memory)

3) Personality Assessment

4) Behavioural Assessment.

Question 17

step by step, briefly outline the assessment process

Answer 17

1) referral question - must ensure clarity

2) gather information from range of sources

3) use clinical judgement to ensure correct assessment procedure

4) integrate all information in a coherent assessment

5) communicate conclusions and provide recommendations

Question 18

what are the age constraints for wechsler intelligence tests

how long do they take to complete?

Answer 18

child: 6-16

adult: 16-90

both take 45-65 mins to complete

Question 19

what is systemic therapy

give an example

Answer 19

not just individuals - people in relationships, interactions of groups

e.g., families, schools

nudges, rather than trying to treat causes/symptoms

narrative therapy is an example

Question 20

what is a limitation of confidentiality

Answer 20

you need to discuss with your team

Question 21

what does a clinical interview aim to do

Answer 21

obtain info and arrive at decision (such as diagnosis, intervention)

info includes:
- developmental history
- history of presenting problem
- current risk concerns
- things that have worked/not worked in the past

usually takes place in one or two sessions - longer would become an extended assessment

Question 22

psychological tests, such as questionnaires or checklists, are norm referenced

what does this mean?

Answer 22

they have been standardised so that test takers are all evaluated in a similar way

they have been developed and evaluated by researchers, and proven to be effective for measuring a particular trait/disorder

Question 23

what is formulation

Answer 23

tool used by clinicians to relate theory to practice

essentially a hypothesis to be tested

integrating information from assessments with psychological theory to explain why a problem developed and how it is maintained, ultimately guiding treatment planning

Question 24

formulation and diagnosis can be complimentary processes, but how are they different?

Answer 24

diagnoses are descriptive and non theoretical - they provide discrete clusters of symptoms

formulation provides psychological description and explanation of presenting difficulties

formulation = what has happened to you, rather than what is wrong with you

Question 25

what are the 5 Ps in the 5 P model of formulation

Answer 25

predisposing: factors making individual vulnerable precipitating: factors which triggered problem presenting: difficulties the person is reporting perpetuating: what is keeping the problem going protective: factors that can help with resilience

Question 26

what is CBT

Answer 26

talking therapy that changes the way you think and behave anxiety/depression based on concept that you thoughts, feelings, physical sensations and actions are interconnected, and that negative thoughts can trap you in a vicious cycle breaks down problems into smaller parts

Question 27

what is third wave CBT

Answer 27

looks at changing behaviour and the context of cognitions, by adopting: mindfulness, acceptance and compassion approaches

Question 28

what is acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)

Answer 28

uses acceptance and mindfulness strategies mixed with commitment and behaviour change strategies to increase psychological flexibility developed by Steven C Hayes

Question 29

what is interpersonal therapy

Answer 29

talking treatment for depression helps to identify and address problems in relationships with family, partners and friends idea that poor relationships can lead to depression, which in turn makes relationships worse 16-20 sessions severe depression, or has not responded to other treatments

Question 30

what makes an effective therapist (include the rogerian qualities)

Answer 30

therapeutic relationship building skills are critical - more likely to help client learn new psychological vocabulary/ways of understanding their experiences genuineness, empathy, and unconditional positive regard (rogerian qualities)

Question 31

what is the therapeutic alliance, and how do the different approaches view it differently?

Answer 31

relationship that develops between client and therapist - like a pact with shared understanding CBT, Psychodynamic: small influencer behavioural therapists: see relationship playing a larger role

Question 32

what is the principle of universality

Answer 32

sharing experiences with those who have similar experiences is often therapeutic

Question 33

what is the scientist practitioner model

Answer 33

integrates practice, science and advocacy practitioners should be good researchers as well as good practitioners apply research to practice

Question 34

what is evidence based practice

Answer 34

integrates best evidence research, clinical expertise and patient preferences best psychological empirical research to inform practice aims to provide least intrusive, most effective intervention

Question 35

what is the order of likelihood of conducting research, audits and research

Answer 35

audits, service evaluations and research

Question 36

what is the difference between research, clinical audits and service evaluations

Answer 36

research: address clearly defined questions, aims, objectives clinical audit: inform delivery of best care, measures against standard, rarely published service evaluation: define or judge current care, without reference to a standard (what standard does this achieve), commonly published

Question 37

what is health psychology

Answer 37

interested in how psychological, behavioural and cultural factors contribute to physical health and illness psychological and emotional aspects of health, helping those who are chronically ill biopsychosocial approach

Question 38

what are the objectives of consultation

Answer 38

enhance quality and competence of practice offered to all clients offer psychologists intellectual challenge enabling reflection, transformational learning, and psychological support

Question 39

what is the mental capacity act

Answer 39

designed to protect and empower people who may lack mental capacity to make own decisions about care and treatment 16 and over

Question 40

what are the four primary ethical principles as stated by BPS

Answer 40

respect competence responsibility integrity